This document defines and discusses arterial blood gas analysis. It is a blood test taken from an artery that measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. It is used to evaluate respiratory status, metabolic status, and acid-base balance. Common sites for extraction are the radial, brachial, and femoral arteries. The procedure involves performing Allen's test before extraction to ensure adequate blood flow after puncture. Components measured include pH, oxygen saturation, bicarbonate, and base excess. Normal values for several components are provided. Sources of error in results can include air bubbles in the syringe or an inadvertent venous sample.

1. PRESENTED BY:
Mr.Sanil Varghese

2. DEFINITION
An arterial blood gas
analysis is a blood test taken
from an artery, that measures
the amount of oxygen and
carbon dioxide that is found
in the blood.

3. PURPOSE
To evaluate
1. Respiratory status
2. Metabolic status
3. Acid base balance

4. SITES OF EXTRACTION:
 RADIAL ARTERY
 BRACHIAL ARTERY
 FEMORAL ARTERY

5. PROCEDURE

6. ALLEN’S TEST

7. PROCEDURE

8. COMPLICATIONS:
 EXCESS BLEEDING
 BRUISING AT THE PUNCTURE SITE
 CIRCULATION IMPAIREMENT

9. COMPONENTS:
 pH:
Measurement of alkalinity based on
the presence of H+ ion.
 SaO2:
Measurement of arterial oxygen
saturation.

10. Contd:
•
HCO3 :
The calculated value of the amount of
bicarbonate in the blood stream
• B.E :
The base excess indicates the
amount of excess insufficient level of
bicarb system.

11. NORMAL VALUES:
 pH
7.35 - 7.45
 PaCO2
35 - 45 mmHg
 PaO2
80 - 100 mmHg
 HCO3-
22 - 26mEq /L
More than 95%
-2 to +2
 SaO2
 B.E

12.  ASSESS THE pH
 ASSESS THE PaCO2
 ASSESS THE HCO3-

15. R =O M=E

16. 1. Air bubbles in the syringe.
2. Inadvertent venous sample.
3. Anticoagulant effect.
4. Dilution of sample.
5. Effects of metabolism of WBC’s in
sample.

17. THANK YOU