The document discusses the Kingdom Tower skyscraper under construction in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Some key points: - It will be the tallest building in the world at over 1,000 meters tall and include a hotel, apartments, offices and residences. - A tapered Y-shaped design was chosen to help reduce wind loads and maintain a reasonable height to width ratio. - A reinforced buttress core structure without exterior columns was adopted to increase construction efficiency. - Advanced materials like high-performance concrete and steel are being used to allow for tall, durable construction. - Unique features include an observation deck at the top and movable canopies to shelter entrances.

1. GUIDED BY
PROF. V.K.RAHMAN
PREPARED BY
AADIL.A.GAZI

3. INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVE
REASON FOR SELECTION OF ‘Y’ SHAPED
ADVANCEMENT OVER THE DESIGN OF BRUJ
KHALIFA WITH REGARDS TO WIND ENGINEERING
 REINFORCE BUTTRESS CORE
 MATERIAL USED IN CONSTRUCTION
FOUNDATION
BALCONIES IN KINGDOM TOWER
EVOLUTION OF THE DESIGN
CONCLUSION

4.  Kingdom tower also known as
Jeddah tower is a skyscraper under
construction in Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia.
 That will be located along the Red
Sea on the north side of Jeddah.
 When completed Kingdom Tower
will reach 1KM height, becoming
the tallest building in the world.

5.  Initially planned to be 1.6
kilometers high but the geology
of the area proved unsuitable
for a tower of that height.
 The tower including
five-star hotel
serviced apartments
 offices
residential units.

6. Construction started : 1 April 2013
Expected Completion:2020
Height to Architectural Top: 1000 m+
 Stories: 167
 Total Area: 258,000 sq m
 Owner: Jeddah Economic Company (JEC)
 Design Architect: Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill
 Structural Engineer: Thornton Tomasetti
 Contractor: Saudi Binladen Group

7.  To study the structural system adopted in the Jeddah
Tower and the reasons behind its adoption.
 To investigate further possibilities in the structural
system for mega tall buildings.

8. A tapered Y shaped plan was chosen
which allowed the spreading of the base
of the tower.
 This allowed the structure to
maintain a reasonable 10:1 height to
width ratio.
 In the “Y” shape every element is
able to participate in resisting both
gravity and lateral loads.

9.  The tapering of the tower helps in reducing
the wind vortices.
 In the absence of the tapering the vortices
cause lateral accelerations in the structure.
 In the Burj Khalifa similar reduction in the
vortices was achieved by reducing the plan size
as the height of the structure was increased.
However in the Jeddah tower the plan size
reduces gradually and by designing more
tapered section lateral accelerations are
reduced.

10. Reinforced Buttress core is a tripod
shaped structure which has a strong
central core and three wings attached to
the core.
 The Engineers decided to completely
eliminate the columns and create the next
generation of the buttress core.
 This concept of column-less design help
in increasing efficiency of construction.

11. Mainly two R.C.C materials will be use in
construction
1.Concrete
2.Steel
In addition to concrete and steel, other
major materials will be use are:
Silicone
Aluminium
& Glass

12. High performance concrete (HPC)
 Low permeability
 High durability
 It includes fly ash, Portland cement
For reducing cracks due to high
temperature concreting is done only at night.
 Two largest concrete pumping machines
in the world are being used for this purpose.
Approximately 80,000 tons of steel will be
used in construction.

13.  After the geological investigation it
was clear that piled foundation would be
appropriate for the tower.
 The pile depths range from 45 m at
the wings to 105 m at the center of the
tower.
. The raft has a thickness of 4.5 m at
the center area and increases to 5 m at
the ends of the wings.

15. The balconies in this type of building is not
very common.
 However, the Kingdom design includes
balconies for a variety of reasons. First,
weather conditions in Jeddah are tolerable.
At the highest levels of this tower, reduced
air temperatures and increased wind speeds.

16.  SKY TERRACE AT LEVEL 157
 CANOPY EVOLUTION
 ELEVATOR SYSTEM

17.  Another unique feature of
the design is a sky terrace
,roughly 30m (90 feets) in a
diameter, at level 157.
 Terrace will be of a steel
structure.

18. A canopy is an overhead roof or else a
structure over which a fabric or metal
covering is attached, able to
provide shade or shelter from weather
conditions such as sun, hail, snow and
rain.
 The final design shows three extended,
softly curved canopies that cover the main
lobbies and extend horizontally to protect
parking ramp entries .

19.  In future it will be fastest elevator
system in world.
 The kingdom tower will contains 59
elevators, including 564 single deck and
five double deck elevators, along with 12
escalators.
 Elevators will travel at a rate of 10
meters per second in both directions.

20. The kingdom Tower will be one of the unique tallest
building in the world .
For rising such a city in the sky several new techniques
have been used.
The buttressed core structural system has made a great
change in the structural system of skyscrapers.
The construction of the kingdom tower proves that
height doesn’t matter any civil engineering construction.
Projects of the nature of Kingdom Tower will create jobs and
opportunities, and will become the central piece of a new urban
center .

21. 1."Kingdom Tower Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" (PDF). Adrian Smith+
Gordon Gill Architecture LLP. Retrieved 19 April 2014
2. "Kingdom Tower: Tallest of the tall". The Chicago Tribune 2
August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
3."Saudi Arabia to build world's tallest building". London:
Daily Mail. 13 October 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
4. "Kingdom Tower" (.PDF). Adrian Smith+Gordon Gill
Architecture. Retrieved 3 August2011.
5. Gibbon, Gavin (14 May 2014). "Kingdom Tower to complete
in December 2018". ConstructionWeekOnline. Retrieved 7
November 2014.

22. .