Jeddah Tower, also known as Kingdom Tower, is an under-construction skyscraper in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with an estimated cost of $1.23 billion and a planned height of over 1,000 meters, making it the tallest building in the world upon completion. Construction began in April 2013, and as of July 2017, 46 floors were completed, with concerns about delays indicating a longer construction timeline than the initially planned 63 months. The tower is part of the larger Jeddah Economic City development and features a unique triangular design to mitigate wind loads, along with plans for numerous elevators and the highest observation deck globally.

1. NAME: NITIN MANOHARLAL SAHETIYA
BRANCH: CIVIL ENGINEERING
YEAR: TE

2. Kingdom/Jeddah Tower

4.  Overview
 Construction History
 Design
 Construction
 Facts
 Conclusion

5.  Title : Case Study:Kingdom Tower,Jeddah
 Status : Under construction
 Location : Jeddah,Saudi Arabia
 Construction started : 1April,2013
 Estimated completion : After 2020
 Cost : 4.6 billion(US $1.23 billion)

7. Architect : Adrian Smith+Gordon Gill Architecture

8. Jeddah Tower previously known as Kingdom
Tower and Mile-High Tower is a skyscraper
under construction in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,
at a preliminary cost of SR4.6 billion
(US$1.23 billion). If completed in 2020 as
planned, the Jeddah Tower will reach an
unprecedented height, becoming the tallest
building in the world as well as the first
structure to reach the one-kilometre-high
mark.

9. It is the centerpiece and the first phase of
an SR75 billion (US$20 billion) proposed
development known as Jeddah Economic
City that will be located along the Red Sea
on the north side of Jeddah. The
development of Jeddah Tower seeks to bring
great changes in terms of development and
tourism to the city of Jeddah, which is
considered the most liberal city in Saudi
Arabia.

10. Initially planned to be 1.6 km (1
mile) high. The design, created
by American architect Adrian
Smith, who also designed Burj
Khalifa. As of 22 July 2017, 46
floors have been completed,
and the central core containing
elevator shafts and stairwells
has reached level 60.

11.  The building has been scaled down from
its initial proposal, which was never fully
designed, to a height of at least 1,000
metres (3,281 ft) (the exact height is being
kept private while in development, similar
to the Burj Khalifa)
 At about one kilometer, the Jeddah Tower
would still be by far the tallest building or
structure in the world to date, standing 180 m
(591ft) taller than the Burj Khalifa
in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

12.  Jeddah Tower's 50-hectare (120-acre) plot with
surrounding buildings will be the first of a three-
phase Jeddah Economic City development.
 It was originally planned to cover 23 km2 (8.9 sq mi)
and cost SR100 billion.
 The area is located roughly 20 km (12 mi) north of
the port city of Jeddah.
 The primary design of Jeddah Tower is Chicago-based
architect Adrian Smith of Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill
Architecture (AS + GG) On 2 August 2011, it was publicly
announced by Kingdom Holding, the investment company,
that a contract had been signed by Saudi Binladin Group
(SBG), that construction was going to start soon, and that
the tower was expected to take 63 months to complete.

13.  Construction started on April 1,
2013. Piling was completed in
December 2013.Above-ground
construction commenced in
September 2014.As of May 2017,
the building has reached the 58th
floor and is expected to be
completed in 2019.
 Initially , the construction of these tower was allowed
to be started in August 2011.But due to some
amenities or problems it was postponded to April
2013.Otherwise this project might be completing in
2017 as it was said on television by (AS+GG).

14. It is 123m taller than Burj Khalifa as shown in the above diagram

15.  The triangular footprint and sloped exterior of Jeddah Tower is
designed to reduce wind loads; its high surface area also
makes it ideal for residential use.The triangular base of
Jeddah Tower covers the area of about 12 hectares .The
ground construction only started in September 2014 means it
took complete 17 months to built ground footing.This tower
consist of 80000 tons steel in it. The building will have a total
of 59 elevators, five of which will be double-deck elevators, as
well as 12 escalators.
 It will also have the highest observation deck
in the world, to which high speed elevators
will travel at up to 10 metres per second
(slightly over 35 km/h in both directions.

16.  Jeddah Tower will have three sky lobbies where
elevator transfers can be made, and no elevator will
go from the bottom to the highest occupied floor.
 Smith stated in a television interview that it will be
about 50 floors more than the Burj Khalifa, which has
163 occupied floors, leading to the inference that
Jeddah Tower will have over 200 floors.
 The tower will also feature a large, roughly 30 m
(98 ft) diameter outdoor balcony, known as the sky
terrace.The tower is design in such a way that it has
3,000–4,700 car underground parking garage that
will be located near, but not under the tower for
terrorism reasons.

18.  The concrete will have to have low permeability to
keep out corrosive salt waterfrom the Red Sea.
 Initially the construction was allowed to start in
August 2011 but due to some of amenities and
problems it was postponded to start in April 2013
otherwise it would have been completing in 2017
as was proposed on television by (AS+GG).
 While the official construction estimate is five years
and three months (63 months), others calculate
that it will take significantly longer, over seven
years, based on the duration of Burj Khalifa's
construction, which was over six years.

19.  Its depth and size are also
considered to be an indicator
of what the tower's final height
will be.
 The piles will be up to 200 m
(660 ft) deep and the pad over
90 m (300 ft) across, yet even still
the building, which will weigh over
900,000 tonnes is expected to
settle. Some materials needed for
the structure are 500,000 m3 of
concrete and 80,000 tons of steel.

20. 1. The structure, formerly known as the Kingdom
Tower, will be home to the world’s highest observatory.
It will also have a separate, 98-foot-diameter outdoor
balcony, which was originally intended to be a helipad.
2. The building is so big they are unable to show it
realistically in one rendering. Only elevations and
birds-eye views can contain the entire project. Imagine
those construction drawings.
3. The foundation piles are about as large as a small
room at 10 feet in diameter, and can reach up to 360 feet
in length.

21. 4. It has 59 elevators and 12 escalators, and five of these
elevators will be double decker. The lifts will not reach the
speeds of normal elevators, as the change in air pressure
at those altitudes would cause nausea. Three sky lobbies
will prevent any one elevator from having to go all the way
to the top, eliminating the need for excessively huge
cables.
5. The massive structure will contain 80,000 tons of steel. Parts
of the core will contain concrete that is several meters thick.
6.The triangular base of Jeddah tower covers about 12
hectares area.
7.Its core set a precedent with 247 concrete pillars.

22. 12th floor (10 January
2015)
23rd floor(7 june 2015)

23. 31st floor(11 January
2016)
42nd floor(12 june 2016)

24. 44th floor(7 July
2016)(at night )
44th floor(7 July )

25. 47th floor (2 December 2016)

26.  Throughout the world,the population of the
major cities are increasing at a fast rate and
where land for building is not
available;there is a pressure to build upward
rather than sideways.
The structures offer some major advantages
but also pose serious challenges to
designers and engineers.