This document discusses denial of service (DoS) attacks in WiMAX networks. It begins by introducing the abstract, which notes that security is a primary concern in wireless networks due to their potentially hostile environments. The document then examines different schemes for handling DoS attacks in WiMAX networks. Specifically, it investigates the various vulnerabilities in WiMAX networks that make them susceptible to DoS attacks, such as the lack of secure boundaries, threats from compromised nodes inside the network, and lack of centralized management. The goal is to study different approaches for detecting and preventing DoS attacks against WiMAX resources with limited bandwidth and battery power.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
An overview of contemporary security problems in wireless mesh networksiosrjce
Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a new wireless networking concept. Unlike traditional
wireless networks, Wireless Mesh Networks do not rely on any fixed communications. As an
alternative, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. Wireless Internet service
providers are choosing WMNs to offer Internet connectivity, as it allows a fast, simple and
inexpensive network use. One major challenge in design of these networks is their vulnerability to
security attacks. In this paper, principal contemporary security issues for wireless mesh networks
have been investigated. Identification of the threats a Wireless mesh network faces and the security
goals to be realized are described. The new challenges and opportunities posed by this new
networking environment are dealt with and explored approaches to secure its communication.
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collections of self-organizing mobile nodes with dynamic topologies and no centralized authority. Each node participating in the network acts both as host and a router. So each node can participate to transfer data packet to destination node but suppose one node in network is removed at time it is very difficult to maintain the information about all node. The main advantage and disadvantage of MANETs provides large number of degree of freedom and self-organizing capability of that make it completely different from other network. Due to the nature of MANETs, to design and development of secure routing is challenging task for researcher in an open and distributed communication environments. In MANET, the more security is required in comparison to wired network. If source node chooses this fake route, malicious nodes have the option of delivering the packets or dropping them.
Keywords: MANETs, Security, Cryptography.
EFFICIENT DETECTION OF SYBIL ATTACK BASED ON CRYPTOGRAPHY IN VANETIJNSA Journal
Vehicular communications play a substantial role in providing safety transportation by means of safety message exchange. Researchers have proposed several solutions for securing safety messages. Protocols based on a fixed key infrastructure are more efficient in implementation and maintain stronger security in comparison with dynamic structures. The purpose of this paper present a method based on a fixed key infrastructure for detection impersonation attack, in other words, Sybil attack, in the vehicular ad hoc network. This attack, puts a great impact on performance of the network. The proposed method, using an cryptography mechanism to detection Sybil attack. Finally, using Mat lab simulator the results of this approach are reviewed, This method it has low delay for detection Sybil attack, because most operations are done in Certification Authority, so this proposed schema is a efficient method for detection Sybil attack.
A Review Paper on Network Layer attacks in MANETsijsrd.com
The security issues are the major consideration while implementing Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Misbehavior of any node can do serious implications in this kind of dynamic network. A malicious or selfish node wants to preserve own resources along with using the services of other nodes and consumed their resources. Malicious nodes can break the rules and reduce the performance of well-behaved nodes significantly. This paper describes the different attacks and analysis of within Network Layer in MANETs.
Analysis of denial of service (dos) attacks in wireless sensor networkseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document summarizes the challenges of securing ad hoc networks and proposes approaches to address those challenges. It discusses how ad hoc networks differ from traditional wireless networks in relying on nodes connecting to each other rather than fixed infrastructure. The main security goals for ad hoc networks are identified as availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Challenges include vulnerability to attacks on wireless links, compromised nodes, dynamic network topology and membership changes, and large network sizes. The document proposes taking advantage of network redundancy and distributing trust among nodes to achieve availability and security. It focuses on defending routing against denial of service attacks and establishing a secure and highly available key management service.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
An overview of contemporary security problems in wireless mesh networksiosrjce
Wireless mesh network (WMN) is a new wireless networking concept. Unlike traditional
wireless networks, Wireless Mesh Networks do not rely on any fixed communications. As an
alternative, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. Wireless Internet service
providers are choosing WMNs to offer Internet connectivity, as it allows a fast, simple and
inexpensive network use. One major challenge in design of these networks is their vulnerability to
security attacks. In this paper, principal contemporary security issues for wireless mesh networks
have been investigated. Identification of the threats a Wireless mesh network faces and the security
goals to be realized are described. The new challenges and opportunities posed by this new
networking environment are dealt with and explored approaches to secure its communication.
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collections of self-organizing mobile nodes with dynamic topologies and no centralized authority. Each node participating in the network acts both as host and a router. So each node can participate to transfer data packet to destination node but suppose one node in network is removed at time it is very difficult to maintain the information about all node. The main advantage and disadvantage of MANETs provides large number of degree of freedom and self-organizing capability of that make it completely different from other network. Due to the nature of MANETs, to design and development of secure routing is challenging task for researcher in an open and distributed communication environments. In MANET, the more security is required in comparison to wired network. If source node chooses this fake route, malicious nodes have the option of delivering the packets or dropping them.
Keywords: MANETs, Security, Cryptography.
EFFICIENT DETECTION OF SYBIL ATTACK BASED ON CRYPTOGRAPHY IN VANETIJNSA Journal
Vehicular communications play a substantial role in providing safety transportation by means of safety message exchange. Researchers have proposed several solutions for securing safety messages. Protocols based on a fixed key infrastructure are more efficient in implementation and maintain stronger security in comparison with dynamic structures. The purpose of this paper present a method based on a fixed key infrastructure for detection impersonation attack, in other words, Sybil attack, in the vehicular ad hoc network. This attack, puts a great impact on performance of the network. The proposed method, using an cryptography mechanism to detection Sybil attack. Finally, using Mat lab simulator the results of this approach are reviewed, This method it has low delay for detection Sybil attack, because most operations are done in Certification Authority, so this proposed schema is a efficient method for detection Sybil attack.
A Review Paper on Network Layer attacks in MANETsijsrd.com
The security issues are the major consideration while implementing Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Misbehavior of any node can do serious implications in this kind of dynamic network. A malicious or selfish node wants to preserve own resources along with using the services of other nodes and consumed their resources. Malicious nodes can break the rules and reduce the performance of well-behaved nodes significantly. This paper describes the different attacks and analysis of within Network Layer in MANETs.
Analysis of denial of service (dos) attacks in wireless sensor networkseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This document summarizes the challenges of securing ad hoc networks and proposes approaches to address those challenges. It discusses how ad hoc networks differ from traditional wireless networks in relying on nodes connecting to each other rather than fixed infrastructure. The main security goals for ad hoc networks are identified as availability, confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Challenges include vulnerability to attacks on wireless links, compromised nodes, dynamic network topology and membership changes, and large network sizes. The document proposes taking advantage of network redundancy and distributing trust among nodes to achieve availability and security. It focuses on defending routing against denial of service attacks and establishing a secure and highly available key management service.
Mitigation of Colluding Selective Forwarding Attack in WMNs using FADEIJTET Journal
ABSTRACT - Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising technology because of their wide range of
applications. Wireless mesh networks wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are dynamically self – organizing, self –
configuring, self – healing with nodes in the network automatically establishing an adHoc network and maintaining mesh
connectivity. Because of their fast connectivity wireless mesh networks (WMNs) is widely used in military applications.
Security is the major constrain in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). This paper considers a special type of DoS attack
called selective forwarding attack or greyhole attack. With such an attack, a misbehaving mesh router just forwards few
packets it receives but drops sensitive data packets. To mitigate the effect of such attack an approach called FADE :
Forward Assessment based Detection is adopted. FADE scheme detects the presence of attack inside the network by
means of two-hop acknowledgment based monitoring and forward assessment based detection. FADE operates in three
phases and analyzed by determining optimal threshold values. This approach is found to provide effective defense against
the collaborative internal attackers in WMNs.
This document summarizes a research paper about denial of service (DoS) attacks on wireless sensor networks. It begins by outlining some key security goals for wireless sensor networks, including data confidentiality, integrity, availability, and authentication. It then discusses DoS attacks specifically, noting they aim to degrade efficient use of network resources. The document proposes that DoS attacks can occur at different layers of the OSI model. It provides examples of physical layer attacks like jamming and describes how frequency hopping can help counter jamming. In closing, it notes DoS attacks threaten the availability security goal for wireless sensor networks.
Security Issues & Challenging Attributes in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET)IRJET Journal
This document discusses security issues and challenges in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an introduction to MANETs and their key features. It then discusses different types of security attacks on MANETs, including active attacks like black hole attacks, wormhole attacks, and flooding attacks. It also covers passive attacks like eavesdropping. It analyzes security threats at different layers of the OSI model. Some of the major security challenges in MANETs are the lack of centralized monitoring, dynamic network topology, and limited resources. The document concludes that security is a major concern for applications using MANETs and more work is needed to develop efficient security algorithms for these networks.
Source based Security Issues in WDM Systems IJECEIAES
The issue of security has become a bigger heddle for all telecommunication companies to climb in this era where information hungry customers are increasing daily. Unauthorized users are finding novel ways of accessing information of others and thereby attacking the requisite legitimate users’ information accounting to security threats. In this work, two forms of WDM system attacks will be considered. These attacks include a clone source based attack where the adversary tries to replicate the transmitted signal of the legitimate user by transmitting at the same wavelength and power and the different wavelength source based attack where the adversary transmit at a wavelength different from that of the legitimate user thereby creating interaction effects igniting security issues. Finally, a simulation of the outcome will be considered and the resulting output will be analyzed.
This document summarizes research on malicious nodes in wireless ad hoc networks and mechanisms to defend against them. It discusses how malicious nodes can disrupt network operations through various attacks. It then overviews several techniques that have been developed to identify and isolate malicious nodes, including watchdog-based intrusion detection, trust/reputation-based systems, and anomaly detection approaches. The document analyzes the advantages and limitations of these different defensive mechanisms.
An ids scheme against black hole attack to secure aomdv routing in manet pijans
In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) all the nodes are freely moves in the absence of without ant
centralized coordination system. Due to that the attackers or malicious nodes are easily affected that kind
of network and responsible for the routing misbehavior. The routing is network is mandatory to deliver
data in between source and destination. In this research we work on security field in MANET and proposed
a novel security scheme against routing misbehavior through Black hole attack. The Ad hoc On demand
Multipath Routing (AOMDV) protocol is consider for routing and also to improves the routing quality as
compare to single path routing protocol. The attacker is affected all the possible paths that is selected by
sender for sending data in network. The malicious nodes are forward optimistic reply at the time of routing
by that their identification is also a complex procedure. The proposed Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
scheme is identified the attacker information through hop count mechanism. The routing information of
actual data is reached to which intermediate node and the next hop information is exist at that node is
confirm by IDS scheme. The black hole attacker node Identification (ID) is forward in network by that in
future attacker is not participating in routing procedure. The proposed security scheme detects and
provides the deterrence against routing misbehavior through malicious attack. Here we compare the
routing performance of AOMDV, Attack and IDS scheme. The performance of normal multipath routing
and proposed IDS scheme is almost equal. The attacker has degrades the whole routing performance but
observed that in presence of attacker, routing misbehavior is completely block by the proposed IDS scheme
and recovers 95 % of data as compare to normal routing.
PREVENTION OF WORMHOLE ATTACK IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKIJNSA Journal
Ubiquitous and pervasive applications, where the Wireless Sensor Networks are typically deployed, lead to the susceptibility to many kinds of security attacks. Sensors used for real time response capability also make it difficult to devise the resource intensive security protocols because of their limited battery, power, memory and processing capabilities. One of potent form of Denial of Service attacks is Wormhole attack that affects on the network layer. In this paper, the techniques dealing with wormhole attack are investigated and an approach for wormhole prevention is proposed. Our approach is based on the analysis of the two-hop neighbors forwarding Route Reply packet. To check the validity of the sender, a unique key between the individual sensor node and the base station is required to be generated by suitable scheme.
HANDLING CROSS-LAYER ATTACKS USING NEIGHBORS MONITORING SCHEME AND SWARM INTE...Editor IJCATR
The standard MAC protocol widely used for Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) is IEEE 802.11.
When attacks in MAC layer are left as such without paying attention, it could possibly disturb channel access and
consequently may cause wastage of resources in terms of bandwidth and power. In this paper, a swarm based detection
and defense technique is proposed for routing and MAC layer attacks in MANET. Using forward and backward ants,
the technique obtains mean value of nodes between the first received RREQ and RREP packets. Based on this
estimation, the source node decides the node as valid or malicious. Moreover the MAC layer parameters namely
number of neighbors identified by the MAC layer, number of neighbors identified by the routing layer, the number of
recent MAC receptions and the number of recent routing protocol receptions are used to determine the node state. The
source node uses these two node state estimation techniques to construct the reliable path to the destination. This
proposed technique improves the network performance and at the same time prevents attackers intelligently.
Study of Layering-Based Attacks in a Mobile Ad Hoc NetworksIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on layering-based attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an abstract noting that MANETs are commonly used in military and disaster situations, but require high security due to challenges from their characteristics. The document then reviews constraints of MANETs like limited resources and transmission range. It examines security requirements for MANETs and various types of attacks against different network layers, including jamming, denial of service, link spoofing, selective forwarding, sinkhole, Sybil, black hole, and wormhole attacks. Finally, it concludes that no single mechanism can provide full security for MANETs due to their constraints, making security a challenge that requires mapping solutions to different aspects.
Iaetsd identifying and preventing resource depletion attack inIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses identifying and preventing resource depletion attacks in mobile sensor networks. It summarizes that ad-hoc wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to denial of service attacks that aim to drain nodes' battery power over time, disabling the entire network. Existing secure routing protocols do not protect against these "Vampire attacks" which use valid network paths and protocol-compliant messages to minimize energy usage. The document proposes modifying an existing sensor network routing protocol to provably bound the damage from Vampire attacks during packet forwarding.
Energy Efficient and Secure, Trusted network discovery for Wireless Sensor Ne...IOSR Journals
This document describes a proposed energy efficient and secure trusted network discovery framework for wireless sensor networks called TARF. The framework aims to secure routing against attacks like sinkhole, wormhole, and Sybil attacks by evaluating the trustworthiness of neighboring nodes. It identifies untrustworthy nodes and routes around them. TARF also aims to be energy efficient. It uses elliptic curve cryptography for encryption and maintains a neighborhood table with trust and energy cost values to select low-cost, trusted next hop nodes for routing. The framework generates network certificates, starts sensor nodes, creates a trusted center, and has nodes find neighbors to select routing paths while avoiding attackers. Simulation results show certificate generation, node interfaces, the trusted center, and a node finding
This document summarizes security issues in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It discusses that MANETs rely on wireless communication, which is more vulnerable to security attacks than wired networks. Key characteristics of MANETs like lack of infrastructure, open connectivity, and dynamic topology make them susceptible targets. The document provides taxonomy of network attacks and analyzes attacks at different layers. It proposes solutions to address MANET security challenges according to criteria like availability, integrity, and confidentiality.
This document discusses detection of collision attacks in wireless sensor networks using rule-based packet flow rates. It proposes detection algorithms that monitor the packet flow rate to the base station node. The algorithms aim to have low false detection and tolerance rates and quickly detect attacks. Simulation results show the algorithms achieve these goals. The document also reviews related work on intrusion detection in wireless sensor networks.
This document summarizes security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networks. It discusses various security requirements like confidentiality, integrity, authentication, availability, and freshness. It describes different types of attacks like jamming, tampering, exhaustion, collision, routing attacks, selective forwarding, sinkhole attacks, Sybil attack, wormhole attack, hello flood attack, flooding, black hole attack, and denial of service attack. It also discusses countermeasures like modifications to the link layer, cluster-based techniques, detecting mobile malicious nodes in static networks, dual-weighted trust evaluation, and using LEACH protocol.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
1. The document discusses selective jamming attacks in wireless networks. Selective jamming attacks target important messages to degrade network performance.
2. The authors develop three schemes that combine cryptographic techniques with physical layer attributes to prevent real-time packet classification and mitigate selective jamming attacks.
3. The schemes are analyzed for their security and computational and communication overhead. The schemes aim to prevent adversaries from identifying important messages to selectively jam on the physical layer.
A NOVEL TWO-STAGE ALGORITHM PROTECTING INTERNAL ATTACK FROM WSNSIJCNC
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consists of small nodes with constrain capabilities. It enables numerous
applications with distributed network infrastructure. With its nature and application scenario, security of
WSN had drawn a great attention. In malicious environments for a functional WSN, security mechanisms
are essential. Malicious or internal attacker has gained attention as the most challenging attacks to
WSNs. Many works have been done to secure WSN from internal attacks but most of them relay on either
training data set or predefined thresholds. It is a great challenge to find or gain knowledge about the
Malicious. In this paper, we develop the algorithm in two stages. Initially, Abnormal Behaviour
Identification Mechanism (ABIM) which uses cosine similarity. Finally, Dempster-Shafer theory (DST)is
used. Which combine multiple evidences to identify the malicious or internal attacks in a WSN. In this
method we do not need any predefined threshold or tanning data set of the nodes.
A Secure Intrusion Detection System against DDOS Attack in Wireless Ad-Hoc Ne...IJERA Editor
MANET (Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Network) is a technology which are used in society in daily life an
activities such as in traffic surveillance, in building construction or it’s application is used in battlefield also. In
MANET there is no control of any node here is no centralized controller that’s why each node has its own
routing capability. And each node act as device and its change its connection to other devices.
The main problem of today’s MANET is a security, because there is no any centralized controller. Our main aim
is that we protect them from DDOS attack in terms of flooding through messages, packet drop, end to end delay
and energy dropping etc. For that we are applying many techniques for saving energy of nodes and identifying
malicious node and types of DDOS attack and in this paper we are discussing this technique.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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Improvement of quality of service parameters using reinvented fsmac protocol ...eSAT Journals
This document discusses improving quality of service parameters in wireless sensor networks using a reinvented FSMAC protocol. The FSMAC protocol first uses fuzzy logic to detect intrusions based on two new parameters: the number of times a node senses a free channel and the variation in channel sense periods. If an intrusion is detected, appropriate countermeasures are taken to reduce the effects of attacks. Simulations with 20 nodes show that the reinvented FSMAC protocol increases successful data transmission rates and network throughput.
This document provides an overview of contemporary security problems in wireless mesh networks. It discusses security vulnerabilities at different layers of the communication protocol stack for wireless mesh networks, including the physical, link, and network layers. At the physical layer, jamming attacks are a risk. The link layer is vulnerable to passive eavesdropping, spoofing, congestion attacks, and replay attacks. The network layer faces risks from routing attacks like black hole and gray hole attacks, as well as Sybil attacks. Overall, the document analyzes different types of attacks that threaten the security of wireless mesh networks.
This document summarizes security attacks on routing protocols in mobile ad hoc wireless networks. It discusses characteristics of ad hoc networks, including dynamic network topology and fluctuating link capacity. It describes problems with routing protocols, such as energy consumption and rapid node movement. It also outlines various security attacks like passive eavesdropping and active attacks that modify or inject false packets. Finally, it examines security solutions for ad hoc networks, including the Security Aware Ad Hoc Routing protocol, Authenticated Routing for Ad Hoc Networks protocol, and Cooperation of Nodes Fairness in Dynamic Ad-hoc NeTworks protocol.
Mitigation of Colluding Selective Forwarding Attack in WMNs using FADEIJTET Journal
ABSTRACT - Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have emerged as a promising technology because of their wide range of
applications. Wireless mesh networks wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are dynamically self – organizing, self –
configuring, self – healing with nodes in the network automatically establishing an adHoc network and maintaining mesh
connectivity. Because of their fast connectivity wireless mesh networks (WMNs) is widely used in military applications.
Security is the major constrain in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). This paper considers a special type of DoS attack
called selective forwarding attack or greyhole attack. With such an attack, a misbehaving mesh router just forwards few
packets it receives but drops sensitive data packets. To mitigate the effect of such attack an approach called FADE :
Forward Assessment based Detection is adopted. FADE scheme detects the presence of attack inside the network by
means of two-hop acknowledgment based monitoring and forward assessment based detection. FADE operates in three
phases and analyzed by determining optimal threshold values. This approach is found to provide effective defense against
the collaborative internal attackers in WMNs.
This document summarizes a research paper about denial of service (DoS) attacks on wireless sensor networks. It begins by outlining some key security goals for wireless sensor networks, including data confidentiality, integrity, availability, and authentication. It then discusses DoS attacks specifically, noting they aim to degrade efficient use of network resources. The document proposes that DoS attacks can occur at different layers of the OSI model. It provides examples of physical layer attacks like jamming and describes how frequency hopping can help counter jamming. In closing, it notes DoS attacks threaten the availability security goal for wireless sensor networks.
Security Issues & Challenging Attributes in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET)IRJET Journal
This document discusses security issues and challenges in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an introduction to MANETs and their key features. It then discusses different types of security attacks on MANETs, including active attacks like black hole attacks, wormhole attacks, and flooding attacks. It also covers passive attacks like eavesdropping. It analyzes security threats at different layers of the OSI model. Some of the major security challenges in MANETs are the lack of centralized monitoring, dynamic network topology, and limited resources. The document concludes that security is a major concern for applications using MANETs and more work is needed to develop efficient security algorithms for these networks.
Source based Security Issues in WDM Systems IJECEIAES
The issue of security has become a bigger heddle for all telecommunication companies to climb in this era where information hungry customers are increasing daily. Unauthorized users are finding novel ways of accessing information of others and thereby attacking the requisite legitimate users’ information accounting to security threats. In this work, two forms of WDM system attacks will be considered. These attacks include a clone source based attack where the adversary tries to replicate the transmitted signal of the legitimate user by transmitting at the same wavelength and power and the different wavelength source based attack where the adversary transmit at a wavelength different from that of the legitimate user thereby creating interaction effects igniting security issues. Finally, a simulation of the outcome will be considered and the resulting output will be analyzed.
This document summarizes research on malicious nodes in wireless ad hoc networks and mechanisms to defend against them. It discusses how malicious nodes can disrupt network operations through various attacks. It then overviews several techniques that have been developed to identify and isolate malicious nodes, including watchdog-based intrusion detection, trust/reputation-based systems, and anomaly detection approaches. The document analyzes the advantages and limitations of these different defensive mechanisms.
An ids scheme against black hole attack to secure aomdv routing in manet pijans
In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) all the nodes are freely moves in the absence of without ant
centralized coordination system. Due to that the attackers or malicious nodes are easily affected that kind
of network and responsible for the routing misbehavior. The routing is network is mandatory to deliver
data in between source and destination. In this research we work on security field in MANET and proposed
a novel security scheme against routing misbehavior through Black hole attack. The Ad hoc On demand
Multipath Routing (AOMDV) protocol is consider for routing and also to improves the routing quality as
compare to single path routing protocol. The attacker is affected all the possible paths that is selected by
sender for sending data in network. The malicious nodes are forward optimistic reply at the time of routing
by that their identification is also a complex procedure. The proposed Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
scheme is identified the attacker information through hop count mechanism. The routing information of
actual data is reached to which intermediate node and the next hop information is exist at that node is
confirm by IDS scheme. The black hole attacker node Identification (ID) is forward in network by that in
future attacker is not participating in routing procedure. The proposed security scheme detects and
provides the deterrence against routing misbehavior through malicious attack. Here we compare the
routing performance of AOMDV, Attack and IDS scheme. The performance of normal multipath routing
and proposed IDS scheme is almost equal. The attacker has degrades the whole routing performance but
observed that in presence of attacker, routing misbehavior is completely block by the proposed IDS scheme
and recovers 95 % of data as compare to normal routing.
PREVENTION OF WORMHOLE ATTACK IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKIJNSA Journal
Ubiquitous and pervasive applications, where the Wireless Sensor Networks are typically deployed, lead to the susceptibility to many kinds of security attacks. Sensors used for real time response capability also make it difficult to devise the resource intensive security protocols because of their limited battery, power, memory and processing capabilities. One of potent form of Denial of Service attacks is Wormhole attack that affects on the network layer. In this paper, the techniques dealing with wormhole attack are investigated and an approach for wormhole prevention is proposed. Our approach is based on the analysis of the two-hop neighbors forwarding Route Reply packet. To check the validity of the sender, a unique key between the individual sensor node and the base station is required to be generated by suitable scheme.
HANDLING CROSS-LAYER ATTACKS USING NEIGHBORS MONITORING SCHEME AND SWARM INTE...Editor IJCATR
The standard MAC protocol widely used for Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) is IEEE 802.11.
When attacks in MAC layer are left as such without paying attention, it could possibly disturb channel access and
consequently may cause wastage of resources in terms of bandwidth and power. In this paper, a swarm based detection
and defense technique is proposed for routing and MAC layer attacks in MANET. Using forward and backward ants,
the technique obtains mean value of nodes between the first received RREQ and RREP packets. Based on this
estimation, the source node decides the node as valid or malicious. Moreover the MAC layer parameters namely
number of neighbors identified by the MAC layer, number of neighbors identified by the routing layer, the number of
recent MAC receptions and the number of recent routing protocol receptions are used to determine the node state. The
source node uses these two node state estimation techniques to construct the reliable path to the destination. This
proposed technique improves the network performance and at the same time prevents attackers intelligently.
Study of Layering-Based Attacks in a Mobile Ad Hoc NetworksIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on layering-based attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an abstract noting that MANETs are commonly used in military and disaster situations, but require high security due to challenges from their characteristics. The document then reviews constraints of MANETs like limited resources and transmission range. It examines security requirements for MANETs and various types of attacks against different network layers, including jamming, denial of service, link spoofing, selective forwarding, sinkhole, Sybil, black hole, and wormhole attacks. Finally, it concludes that no single mechanism can provide full security for MANETs due to their constraints, making security a challenge that requires mapping solutions to different aspects.
Iaetsd identifying and preventing resource depletion attack inIaetsd Iaetsd
This document discusses identifying and preventing resource depletion attacks in mobile sensor networks. It summarizes that ad-hoc wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to denial of service attacks that aim to drain nodes' battery power over time, disabling the entire network. Existing secure routing protocols do not protect against these "Vampire attacks" which use valid network paths and protocol-compliant messages to minimize energy usage. The document proposes modifying an existing sensor network routing protocol to provably bound the damage from Vampire attacks during packet forwarding.
Energy Efficient and Secure, Trusted network discovery for Wireless Sensor Ne...IOSR Journals
This document describes a proposed energy efficient and secure trusted network discovery framework for wireless sensor networks called TARF. The framework aims to secure routing against attacks like sinkhole, wormhole, and Sybil attacks by evaluating the trustworthiness of neighboring nodes. It identifies untrustworthy nodes and routes around them. TARF also aims to be energy efficient. It uses elliptic curve cryptography for encryption and maintains a neighborhood table with trust and energy cost values to select low-cost, trusted next hop nodes for routing. The framework generates network certificates, starts sensor nodes, creates a trusted center, and has nodes find neighbors to select routing paths while avoiding attackers. Simulation results show certificate generation, node interfaces, the trusted center, and a node finding
This document summarizes security issues in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It discusses that MANETs rely on wireless communication, which is more vulnerable to security attacks than wired networks. Key characteristics of MANETs like lack of infrastructure, open connectivity, and dynamic topology make them susceptible targets. The document provides taxonomy of network attacks and analyzes attacks at different layers. It proposes solutions to address MANET security challenges according to criteria like availability, integrity, and confidentiality.
This document discusses detection of collision attacks in wireless sensor networks using rule-based packet flow rates. It proposes detection algorithms that monitor the packet flow rate to the base station node. The algorithms aim to have low false detection and tolerance rates and quickly detect attacks. Simulation results show the algorithms achieve these goals. The document also reviews related work on intrusion detection in wireless sensor networks.
This document summarizes security issues and attacks in wireless sensor networks. It discusses various security requirements like confidentiality, integrity, authentication, availability, and freshness. It describes different types of attacks like jamming, tampering, exhaustion, collision, routing attacks, selective forwarding, sinkhole attacks, Sybil attack, wormhole attack, hello flood attack, flooding, black hole attack, and denial of service attack. It also discusses countermeasures like modifications to the link layer, cluster-based techniques, detecting mobile malicious nodes in static networks, dual-weighted trust evaluation, and using LEACH protocol.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
1. The document discusses selective jamming attacks in wireless networks. Selective jamming attacks target important messages to degrade network performance.
2. The authors develop three schemes that combine cryptographic techniques with physical layer attributes to prevent real-time packet classification and mitigate selective jamming attacks.
3. The schemes are analyzed for their security and computational and communication overhead. The schemes aim to prevent adversaries from identifying important messages to selectively jam on the physical layer.
A NOVEL TWO-STAGE ALGORITHM PROTECTING INTERNAL ATTACK FROM WSNSIJCNC
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consists of small nodes with constrain capabilities. It enables numerous
applications with distributed network infrastructure. With its nature and application scenario, security of
WSN had drawn a great attention. In malicious environments for a functional WSN, security mechanisms
are essential. Malicious or internal attacker has gained attention as the most challenging attacks to
WSNs. Many works have been done to secure WSN from internal attacks but most of them relay on either
training data set or predefined thresholds. It is a great challenge to find or gain knowledge about the
Malicious. In this paper, we develop the algorithm in two stages. Initially, Abnormal Behaviour
Identification Mechanism (ABIM) which uses cosine similarity. Finally, Dempster-Shafer theory (DST)is
used. Which combine multiple evidences to identify the malicious or internal attacks in a WSN. In this
method we do not need any predefined threshold or tanning data set of the nodes.
A Secure Intrusion Detection System against DDOS Attack in Wireless Ad-Hoc Ne...IJERA Editor
MANET (Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Network) is a technology which are used in society in daily life an
activities such as in traffic surveillance, in building construction or it’s application is used in battlefield also. In
MANET there is no control of any node here is no centralized controller that’s why each node has its own
routing capability. And each node act as device and its change its connection to other devices.
The main problem of today’s MANET is a security, because there is no any centralized controller. Our main aim
is that we protect them from DDOS attack in terms of flooding through messages, packet drop, end to end delay
and energy dropping etc. For that we are applying many techniques for saving energy of nodes and identifying
malicious node and types of DDOS attack and in this paper we are discussing this technique.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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Improvement of quality of service parameters using reinvented fsmac protocol ...eSAT Journals
This document discusses improving quality of service parameters in wireless sensor networks using a reinvented FSMAC protocol. The FSMAC protocol first uses fuzzy logic to detect intrusions based on two new parameters: the number of times a node senses a free channel and the variation in channel sense periods. If an intrusion is detected, appropriate countermeasures are taken to reduce the effects of attacks. Simulations with 20 nodes show that the reinvented FSMAC protocol increases successful data transmission rates and network throughput.
This document provides an overview of contemporary security problems in wireless mesh networks. It discusses security vulnerabilities at different layers of the communication protocol stack for wireless mesh networks, including the physical, link, and network layers. At the physical layer, jamming attacks are a risk. The link layer is vulnerable to passive eavesdropping, spoofing, congestion attacks, and replay attacks. The network layer faces risks from routing attacks like black hole and gray hole attacks, as well as Sybil attacks. Overall, the document analyzes different types of attacks that threaten the security of wireless mesh networks.
This document summarizes security attacks on routing protocols in mobile ad hoc wireless networks. It discusses characteristics of ad hoc networks, including dynamic network topology and fluctuating link capacity. It describes problems with routing protocols, such as energy consumption and rapid node movement. It also outlines various security attacks like passive eavesdropping and active attacks that modify or inject false packets. Finally, it examines security solutions for ad hoc networks, including the Security Aware Ad Hoc Routing protocol, Authenticated Routing for Ad Hoc Networks protocol, and Cooperation of Nodes Fairness in Dynamic Ad-hoc NeTworks protocol.
IRJET- Analysis of Router Poisoning using Network AttacksIRJET Journal
This document discusses security threats in wireless ad hoc networks. It begins by describing the key security goals of confidentiality, availability, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. It then categorizes attacks as either passive or active. Passive attacks involve eavesdropping without altering data, while active attacks disrupt normal network functioning. Specific active attacks discussed include black holes, gray holes, worm holes, jellyfish attacks, spoofing, Sybil attacks, eavesdropping, Byzantine attacks, jamming attacks, and state pollution attacks. The document provides an overview of these prominent attacks on routing protocols in ad hoc networks.
A Protocol/Scheme to mitigate DDos attacks using AODV Protocolijsrd.com
MANET(Mobile Adhoc Network) is an emerging technology and have great strength to be applied in battlefields and commercial applications such as traffic surveillance, MANET is infrastructure less without any centralized controller. Each node contains routing capability. Each device in a MANET is independent and can move in any direction. One of the major challenges wireless mobile ad-hoc networks face today is security, because no central controller exists. MANETs are a kind of wireless ad hoc networks that usually has a routable networking environment on top of a link layer ad hoc network. There are many security attacks in MANET and DDoS (Distributed denial of service) is one of them. Our main objective is seeing the effect of DDoS in routing, Packet Drop Rate, End to End Delay, no. of Collisions due to attack on network. And with these parameters and many more also we build secure IDS to detect this kind of attack and block it. In this thesis main objective is to study and implement the security against the DDOS attack. DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks in the networks are required to be prevented, as early as possible before reaching the victim node. DDos attack causes depletion of the network resources such as network bandwidth, disk space, CPU time, data structures, and network connections. Dealing with DDoS attacks is difficult due to their properties such as dynamic attack rates, big scale of botnets. DDos attack become more difficult to handle if it occurs in wireless network because of the properties of ad hoc network such as dynamic topologies, low battery life, Unicast routing Multicast routing , Frequency of updates or network overhead , scalability , mobile agent based routing ,power aware routing etc. Thus it is better to prevent the distributed denial of service attack rather than allowing it to occur and then taking the necessary steps to handle it. The following quantitative metrics Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Number of Collisions are to be used to evaluate the performance of DDoS attacks and their prevention techniques under different combinations in the fixed mobile ad hoc network. In our simulation, the effect of DDoS attacks under different number of attackers is studied.
Revisiting the experiment on detecting of replay and message modificationiaemedu
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes methods for detecting message modification and replay attacks in ad-hoc wireless networks. It begins with background on security issues in wireless networks and types of attacks. It then reviews existing intrusion detection systems and security techniques. Related work that detects attacks using features from the media access control layer or radio frequency fingerprinting is also discussed. The paper aims to present a simple, economical, and platform-independent system for detecting message modification, replay attacks, and unauthorized users in ad-hoc networks.
This document summarizes research on enhancing the DSR routing protocol to prevent distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It discusses how DDoS attacks work, the challenges they present for MANETs due to their dynamic nature, and existing research on DDoS attack detection and prevention. The document reviews literature on analyzing DDoS attack behaviors and properties, characterizing attack traffic patterns, and using statistical analysis and neural networks to identify attacks. The goal of the research is to develop an enhanced DSR protocol that can detect and mitigate DDoS attacks in MANETs more effectively than previous approaches.
IRJET- Identification of Vampire Assault in Wireless Sensor NetworksIRJET Journal
The document discusses the vampire attack in wireless sensor networks. The vampire attack is a type of denial of service attack that slowly drains the battery power of sensor nodes over a long period of time. This is done by transmitting small messages that require little data but consume significant energy. As a result, the entire network's availability can be disabled without immediately disrupting operations. The paper proposes a method to detect and prevent vampire attacks by establishing thresholds for normal message broadcasting and labeling nodes as suspicious if they exceed the thresholds. These suspicious nodes are then isolated from communication to improve the network's security and performance.
This document summarizes a research paper that aims to detect and prevent wormhole attacks in wireless sensor networks. It first provides background on wormhole attacks, where an attacker tunnels network traffic to another location to compromise routing. It then reviews related work detecting wormholes using cryptography, location verification, or intrusion detection. The paper proposes a system with guard nodes that collaboratively monitor links to detect compromised nodes. It describes modules for network topology establishment, attack establishment through different wormhole modes, and an elimination mechanism where guard nodes isolate attackers once malicious behaviors exceed thresholds. Simulations test the ability of this scheme to improve security against wormhole attacks in resource-constrained wireless sensor networks.
IRJET- Detection and Localization of IDS Spoofing Attack in Wireless Sensor N...IRJET Journal
This document proposes using intrusion detection systems and k-means clustering to detect and localize spoofing attacks in wireless sensor networks used in vehicular networks (VANETs). VANETs have characteristics like highly dynamic topology and frequent link changes that make performance monitoring difficult. The proposed approach uses cluster heads acting as IDS to monitor packet transmissions within clusters and detect misbehaving nodes. When an attacker is detected, an alarm is passed to the source node to eliminate the attacker. Simulation results show the method can efficiently and robustly detect and locate spoofing attackers in VANET wireless sensor networks.
Wireless Deauth and Disassociation Attacks explainedDavid Sweigert
This document summarizes a research paper on denial of service (DoS) attacks in wireless mesh networks. It discusses how management frames in wireless networks are unencrypted, allowing attackers to spoof frames and launch DoS attacks like deauthentication and disassociation attacks. It provides details on how these attacks work by spoofing management frames and terminating legitimate connections. It also reviews related work on implementing these attacks using tools and analyzing their impact on network performance. The goal of the research was to implement these attacks on a real wireless mesh testbed and propose a security algorithm to detect such attacks.
Ad-hoc networks are an emerging area of mobile computing and an efficient paradigm for multicast communication. The security challenges faced by the network due to their inherent unique characteristics are exacerbated in case of multicast communication. Group communication in ad hoc network is susceptible to a host of outsider and insider attacks. The security solutions proposed for the outsider attack cannot be directly applied to the insider attack due to their disparate behavior. The compromise and subversion of the authenticated, trusted and participating node in the network leads to Byzantine attack or behavior. Attacks where adversaries have full control of a number of authenticated devices and behave arbitrarily to disrupt the multicast routing are referred to as Byzantine attacks. Online auction network inherently embracing multicast technology has been taken as the case study. The implications of the Byzantine attack in the online auction Network have been studied. Besides the existing network performance parameters like delay, jitter, throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) another parameter
by name Immediate Neighbor Aware Vouch Count ( INAVC) is included to proactively select a fault free multicast route. This proactive parameter is dynamic and reflects the true multicast architecture in adhoc network thereby enabling to instantly prune the Byzantine adversary. Providing robust and resilient defense solutions to subvert this attack in auction Network becomes the focus of this paper.
https://www.ijmst.com/
IJMST Volume 1 Issue 1, Manuscript 4
As the popularity of mobile devices and wireless networks significantly increased over the
past years. The wireless adhoc network has now become one of the most vibrant and active
fields of communication and networking research. These networks are a new generation of
networks offering unrestricted mobility without any underlying infrastructure. As their
principle application is in disastrous environments, security is critical. Various challenges are
faced in the adhoc environment, mostly due to the resource poorness of these networks. One
man confront in the design of these networks is their vulnerability to security attacks. The
solutions for conventional networks are usually not sufficient to provide efficient adhoc
operations. Just because of its wireless nature of communication and lack of any security
infrastructure raise several security problems and threats.
In this paper, we briefly review the threats an adhoc network faces and the security goals to
be achieved. Moreover, it also presents existing security schemes used in wireless adhoc
networks in order to handle security threats.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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VARIOUS TYPES OF ATTACKS ON WIRELESS NETWORKSIRJET Journal
This document discusses various types of attacks on wireless networks, including sinkhole attacks, selective forwarding attacks, wormhole attacks, hello flood attacks, spoofed attacks, and colluding misrelay attacks. It provides details on how each attack works to disrupt wireless network operations or steal data. Sinkhole attacks aim to draw all network traffic to a compromised node. Selective forwarding attacks involve dropping packets selectively. Wormhole attacks tunnel traffic through an out-of-band connection between two attacker nodes. Hello flood attacks flood nodes with hello messages to disrupt routing. Spoofed attacks involve impersonating another user on the network. Colluding misrelay attacks involve groups of nodes cooperating to disrupt routing traffic flows. The document emphasizes that wireless
While wireless sensor networks face security challenges, addressing issues like confidentiality, integrity, and availability is critical for successful deployment. The document discusses these security requirements and explains how attacks can target different network layers. It provides examples of physical layer attacks like jamming and tampering. At higher layers, attacks include collisions and resource exhaustion in the data link layer, and spoofing, selective forwarding, sinkholes, Sybil attacks and wormholes in the network layer. Transport layer attacks involve flooding and desynchronization. Confidentiality, integrity, and cryptography are also discussed as important security concepts for wireless sensor networks.
Different Prediction Methods For Route Recovery In MANETJasmine Culbreth
This document discusses different prediction methods for route recovery in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It begins with an abstract discussing multiple path routing infrastructures in various networks. The document then provides background on ad hoc networks and discusses features of MANETs such as dynamic topologies and variable capacity links. It also introduces the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol and discusses topics like route discovery, link availability, and distributed hash tables in MANETs.
Compared to wired networks, Ad hoc networks are more vulnerable to security attacks
due to the lack of trusted centralized authority, lack of trust relationships between nodes. This paper
focuses on Sybil attack and its detection. A malicious node can generate and control a large number
of logical identities on a single device. This gives the illusion to network as these are different
legitimate nodes. An algorithm is proposed using position verification to detect the Sybil attack. The
algorithm is implemented in Network Simulator and the throughput, and packet delivery ratio with
and without Sybil attack.
Wireless Sensor Network: Internet Model Layer Based Security Attacks and thei...IRJET Journal
The document discusses security attacks on wireless sensor networks, describing various types of attacks like jamming, impersonation, replay attacks, and denial of service attacks that can occur at different layers of the network. It analyzes key security objectives for wireless sensor networks like availability, authentication, integrity, and confidentiality. The document also outlines the architecture of wireless sensor networks, including the five layers of the OSI model and three cross-layer planes, and components of sensor nodes.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK UNDER HELLO FLOOD ATTACKIJCNCJournal
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is highly used in many fields. The network consists of tiny lightweight
sensor nodes and is largely used to scan or detect or monitor environments. Since these sensor nodes are
tiny and lightweight, they put some limitations on resources such as usage of power, processing given task,
radio frequency range. These limitations allow network vulnerable to many different types of attacks such
as hello flood attack, black hole, Sybil attack, sinkhole, and many more. Among these attacks, hello flood is
one of the most important attacks. In this paper,we have analyzed the performance of hello flood attack and
compared the network performance as number of attackers increases. Network performance is evaluated
by modifying the ad-hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol by using NS2 simulator. It
has been tested under different scenarios like no attacker, single attacker, and multiple attackers to know
how the network performance changes. The simulation results show that as the number of attackers
increases the performance in terms of throughput and delay changes.
Black hole Attack Avoidance Protocol for wireless Ad-Hoc networksijsrd.com
A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network is a collection of mobile nodes or a temporary network set up by wireless mobile nodes moving arbitrary in the places that have no network infrastructure in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on continual basis. Thus the nodes find a path to the destination node using routing protocols. However, due to security vulnerabilities of the routing protocols, wireless ad-hoc networks are unprotected to attacks of the malicious nodes. Various attacks and one of those attacks is the Black Hole Attack against network integrity absorbing all data packets in the network. Since the data packets do not reach the destination node on account of this attack, data loss will occur. Therefore, it is a severe attack that can be easily employed against routing in mobile ad hoc networks. There are lots of detection and defense mechanisms to eliminate the intruder that carry out the black hole attack. . Virtual Infrastructure achieves reliable transmission in Mobile Ad Hoc Network. Black Hole Attack is the major problem to affect the Virtual Infrastructure. In this paper, approach on analyzing and improving the security of AODV, which is one of the popular routing protocols for MANET. Our aim is to ensuring the avoidance against Black hole attack.
Similar to A Study on Evaluation of DoS Attacks in WiMAX Networks (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
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A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
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Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
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Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
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A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
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This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
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3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
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Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
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React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
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Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
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Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
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Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.