This document proposes a new method for acoustic echo cancellation in nonlinear systems using an artificial neural network combined with a Laguerre filter model. It begins by discussing the challenges of acoustic echo cancellation and existing linear echo cancellation methods. It then introduces using an artificial neural network with a nonlinear activation function and a Laguerre filter model to better handle nonlinear echo paths. Simulation results are presented showing the effectiveness of the proposed neural network and Laguerre filter method at cancelling echo signals in nonlinear environments.
This document describes noise cancellation using an adaptive filter based on the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. It introduces noise cancellation and adaptive signal processing. It then describes the LMS algorithm and its implementation in MATLAB to cancel noise from a primary signal using a reference input. Results are shown for filtering a sine wave with different step sizes. References are provided on adaptive filter theory and statistical digital signal processing.
A Distinctive Scheme for Extraction of Symmetrical Components along with Harm...IOSR Journals
1. The document describes a software program developed in C++ Builder to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from three-phase current signals using digital filters.
2. The software was tested on simulated power systems under balanced, unbalanced, fault, and harmonic conditions and was able to satisfactorily extract the symmetrical components and harmonics.
3. Examples are provided to demonstrate the software's ability to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from simulated three-phase systems under various balanced and unbalanced conditions, as well as during different fault scenarios.
This document discusses modeling of biomedical signals. It introduces autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) modeling techniques. For AR modeling, it describes three methods for computing the model parameters: the least squares method, the autocorrelation method, and the covariance method. The least squares method minimizes the mean squared error between predicted and actual signal samples. The autocorrelation and covariance methods relate the AR model parameters to the autocorrelation function of the signal.
FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF NOISE CANCELLATION USING ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMSEditor IJMTER
This paper describes the concept of adaptive noise cancelling. The noise cancellation
using the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) to remove the noise from an input signal. The RLS adaptive
filter uses the reference signal on the Input port and the desired signal on the desired port to
automatically match the filter response in the Noise Filter block. The filtered noise should be completely
subtracted from the "noisy signal” of the input Sine wave & noise input signal, and the "Error Signal"
should contain only the original signal. Finally, the functions of field programmable gate array based
system structure for adaptive noise canceller based on RLS algorithm are synthesized, simulated, and
implemented on Xilinx XC3s200 field programmable gate array using Xilinx ISE tool.
This document proposes an effective image fog removal technique using a single input image. It extracts minimum values from color channels to estimate fog density and atmospheric light. It then calculates intensity transmission between fog values to estimate color restoration and proper image restoration after fog removal. Results on various images show improved visibility and color restoration after applying the proposed algorithm compared to previous techniques. Key steps include minimum value extraction from channels, calculating intensity transmission, image padding, Laplace estimation, and color-optimized image restoration. Experimental results demonstrate improved visibility and color vibrancy after applying the proposed fog removal method.
Design a mobile telephone system in a certain cityeSAT Journals
Abstract
A mobile telephone system is designed to facilitate better communication among 8000 users in the centre of Roma. The network
performance prediction tool was used to determine the best location for deployment of the base station. It was based on some
parameters or predictions which were obtained by calculating needed data to construct the base station.
Theoretically call planning, cell splitting, frequency re-use, offered traffic etc. techniques are used to obtain a good coverage for
a certain city. In order to find the best cell cluster, many calculations were also implemented.
The objective achieved was designing a network system in city centre of Roma. The 7 cell cluster and 12 cell cluster was selected
for its overall efficiency. In addition to this, co-channel interference, best server, maximum received power etc. were examined for
deployment of the base station with help of Winprop.
Key Words:Mobile telephone system, Cell cluster, Frequency re-use, Network performance, Power,Winprop.
Effect of Material Thickness on Attenuation (dB) of PTFE Using Finite Element...Abubakar Yakubu
This research article examines how the thickness of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) samples affects the attenuation of electromagnetic waves at X-band frequency using finite element method (FEM) simulations. The results show that as the thickness of the PTFE samples increases, the attenuation also increases. Specifically, the 15 mm thick PTFE sample has an attenuation of -3.32 dB, the 30 mm sample has an attenuation of 0.64 dB, and the 50 mm sample has an attenuation of 1.97 dB. The study finds that increasing sample thickness leads to a decrease in electromagnetic wave transmission and an increase in attenuation.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document describes noise cancellation using an adaptive filter based on the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. It introduces noise cancellation and adaptive signal processing. It then describes the LMS algorithm and its implementation in MATLAB to cancel noise from a primary signal using a reference input. Results are shown for filtering a sine wave with different step sizes. References are provided on adaptive filter theory and statistical digital signal processing.
A Distinctive Scheme for Extraction of Symmetrical Components along with Harm...IOSR Journals
1. The document describes a software program developed in C++ Builder to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from three-phase current signals using digital filters.
2. The software was tested on simulated power systems under balanced, unbalanced, fault, and harmonic conditions and was able to satisfactorily extract the symmetrical components and harmonics.
3. Examples are provided to demonstrate the software's ability to extract symmetrical components and harmonics from simulated three-phase systems under various balanced and unbalanced conditions, as well as during different fault scenarios.
This document discusses modeling of biomedical signals. It introduces autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) modeling techniques. For AR modeling, it describes three methods for computing the model parameters: the least squares method, the autocorrelation method, and the covariance method. The least squares method minimizes the mean squared error between predicted and actual signal samples. The autocorrelation and covariance methods relate the AR model parameters to the autocorrelation function of the signal.
FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF NOISE CANCELLATION USING ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMSEditor IJMTER
This paper describes the concept of adaptive noise cancelling. The noise cancellation
using the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) to remove the noise from an input signal. The RLS adaptive
filter uses the reference signal on the Input port and the desired signal on the desired port to
automatically match the filter response in the Noise Filter block. The filtered noise should be completely
subtracted from the "noisy signal” of the input Sine wave & noise input signal, and the "Error Signal"
should contain only the original signal. Finally, the functions of field programmable gate array based
system structure for adaptive noise canceller based on RLS algorithm are synthesized, simulated, and
implemented on Xilinx XC3s200 field programmable gate array using Xilinx ISE tool.
This document proposes an effective image fog removal technique using a single input image. It extracts minimum values from color channels to estimate fog density and atmospheric light. It then calculates intensity transmission between fog values to estimate color restoration and proper image restoration after fog removal. Results on various images show improved visibility and color restoration after applying the proposed algorithm compared to previous techniques. Key steps include minimum value extraction from channels, calculating intensity transmission, image padding, Laplace estimation, and color-optimized image restoration. Experimental results demonstrate improved visibility and color vibrancy after applying the proposed fog removal method.
Design a mobile telephone system in a certain cityeSAT Journals
Abstract
A mobile telephone system is designed to facilitate better communication among 8000 users in the centre of Roma. The network
performance prediction tool was used to determine the best location for deployment of the base station. It was based on some
parameters or predictions which were obtained by calculating needed data to construct the base station.
Theoretically call planning, cell splitting, frequency re-use, offered traffic etc. techniques are used to obtain a good coverage for
a certain city. In order to find the best cell cluster, many calculations were also implemented.
The objective achieved was designing a network system in city centre of Roma. The 7 cell cluster and 12 cell cluster was selected
for its overall efficiency. In addition to this, co-channel interference, best server, maximum received power etc. were examined for
deployment of the base station with help of Winprop.
Key Words:Mobile telephone system, Cell cluster, Frequency re-use, Network performance, Power,Winprop.
Effect of Material Thickness on Attenuation (dB) of PTFE Using Finite Element...Abubakar Yakubu
This research article examines how the thickness of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) samples affects the attenuation of electromagnetic waves at X-band frequency using finite element method (FEM) simulations. The results show that as the thickness of the PTFE samples increases, the attenuation also increases. Specifically, the 15 mm thick PTFE sample has an attenuation of -3.32 dB, the 30 mm sample has an attenuation of 0.64 dB, and the 50 mm sample has an attenuation of 1.97 dB. The study finds that increasing sample thickness leads to a decrease in electromagnetic wave transmission and an increase in attenuation.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
This document discusses echo cancellation using adaptive combination of normalized subband adaptive filters (NSAFs). It presents the following:
1. Fullband adaptive filters can have slow convergence due to correlated speech input and long echo path impulse responses. Subband adaptive filters (SAFs) address this by using individual adaptive filters in spectral subbands.
2. Adaptive combination of SAFs provides a way to achieve both fast convergence and small steady-state error. It independently adapts filters with different step sizes, then combines them using a mixing parameter adapted by stochastic gradient descent.
3. The proposed method adaptively combines NSAFs in subbands. It uses a large step size filter for fast convergence and a
Optical sensing techniques and signal processing 5ali alavi
This document discusses frequency analysis of optical imaging systems. It begins with a generalized treatment of imaging systems and defines the amplitude transfer function and impulse response. For coherent systems, the image is a convolution of the ideal image and amplitude impulse response. For incoherent systems, the image intensity is a convolution with the intensity impulse response, which is the squared amplitude impulse response. It then examines the frequency responses of coherent and incoherent systems, defining the amplitude transfer function and optical transfer function respectively.
This document describes a method for separating source signals from interfering signals using an adaptive AMUSE algorithm. It begins with background on blind source separation and the AMUSE algorithm. The proposed method applies the adaptive AMUSE algorithm to signals obtained from nodes in an analog resistor-capacitor circuit, where one input signal is known. The algorithm estimates the source signals by reconstructing the signals using an extended Kalman smoother. The method is experimentally tested on a simulated resistor-capacitor circuit with three input signals and signals measured at random nodes.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document describes a study that uses a hybrid neuro-fuzzy (HNF) approach for automatic generation control (AGC) of a two-area interconnected power system. The HNF controller is designed using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system to control frequency and tie-line power deviations. Simulation results show the HNF controller provides improved dynamic response and faster control compared to a conventional PI controller. The HNF approach can handle non-linearities in power systems while providing faster control than other conventional controllers.
Three Element Beam forming Algorithm with Reduced Interference Effect in Sign...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Comparison of different Sub-Band Adaptive Noise Canceller with LMS and RLSijsrd.com
Sub-band adaptive noise is employed in various fields like noise cancellation, echo cancellation and system identification etc. It reduces computational complexity and improve convergence rate. In this paper we perform different Sub-band noise cancellation method for simulation. The Comparison with different algorithm has been done to find out which one is best.
parametric method of power spectrum Estimationjunjer
The document discusses parametric methods of power spectrum estimation. It explains that parametric methods estimate the parameters of a mathematical model that describes the signal generation process. This involves selecting a model such as autoregressive (AR), moving average (MA), or autoregressive moving average (ARMA), estimating the model parameters from the data, and then using the estimated parameters to calculate the power spectrum. The document provides details on how to estimate the power spectrum using AR, MA, and ARMA models. It also discusses maximum entropy spectral estimation and high-resolution spectral estimation based on eigen-analysis.
Doppler Estimation Method of Using Frequency Channel Response for OFDM System...Tatsuji Miyamoto
This document proposes a new Doppler estimation method for OFDM systems that uses the frequency channel response (CFR) instead of the conventional method that uses the channel impulse response (CIR). The proposed method employs the autocorrelation of the estimated CFR, which can be accurately estimated even when zero-padding is used, unlike the CIR. A least squares method is then applied to the autocorrelation values to estimate the Doppler frequency. The document compares the proposed method to conventional methods through simulations, demonstrating better Doppler and C/N estimation accuracy, especially at higher Doppler spreads and lower C/N values.
These slides deal with the basic problem of channel equalization and exposes the issue related to it and shows how it can be balanced by the usage of effective and robust algorithms.
Time alignment techniques for experimental sensor dataIJCSES Journal
Experimental data is subject to data loss, which presents a challenge for representing the data with a
proper time scale. Additionally, data from separate measurement systems need to be aligned in order to
use the data cooperatively. Due to the need for accurate time alignment, various practical techniques are
presented along with an illustrative example detailing each step of the time alignment procedure for actual
experimental data from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Some example MATLAB code is also
provided.
1. The document compares two methods for determining position using distributed ultrasound beacons: an iterative method and a direct method.
2. The iterative method uses least squares approximation in multiple iterations to handle an over-determined problem, while the direct method uses geometry to directly solve for position from three transmitter measurements.
3. Testing showed the direct method had slightly better average accuracy but was less robust, while the iterative method was faster computationally and better handled missing or erroneous data. Neither method emerged as a clear winner.
Reducting Power Dissipation in Fir Filter: an AnalysisCSCJournals
This document summarizes and analyzes three existing techniques for reducing power consumption in FIR filters: signed power-of-two representation, steepest descent optimization, and coefficient segmentation. It finds that steepest descent can reduce hamming distance between coefficients by up to 26%, while coefficient segmentation can achieve up to 47% reduction. However, both techniques degrade filter performance parameters slightly. Signed power-of-two representation provides the most power reduction of 63% but introduces overhead from additional adders and shifters. The document evaluates these techniques on four low-pass FIR filters and concludes there is a tradeoff between hamming distance reduction and degradation of filter specifications.
BER Analysis ofImpulse Noise inOFDM System Using LMS,NLMS&RLSiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Design of Linear Array Transducer Using Ultrasound Simulation Program Field-IIinventy
This document summarizes a study that used the ultrasound simulation program Field II to model and simulate the pressure field generated by a linear array transducer and its propagation through biological tissue. The study designed a 16-element linear array transducer with Field II and simulated its impulse response. It then propagated the acoustic field through a human kidney tissue and observed the pressure profile and beam pattern at the focal point. The study also compared the impulse response, pressure field, beam pattern and detected images produced by linear arrays with 32 elements versus 64 elements. The results demonstrated Field II's ability to simulate ultrasound transducers and propagate fields through tissue.
An Adaptive Two-level Filtering Technique for Noise Lines in Video ImagesCSCJournals
Due to narrow-band noise signals in transmission channels, visible lines of disturbance can appear in video images. In this paper, an adaptive method based on two-level filtering is proposed to enhance the visual quality of such images. In the first level, an adaptive orientation selective filter detects and clears the noisy lines in the image. In the second level, a median filter repairs defects resulting from the orientation selective filtering process and also filters the wide-band impulsive noise. It was observed that in case of periodic noisy lines in TV images, this filtering technique can sufficiently enhance the image quality and improve the SNR level.
Performance Analysis of PAPR Reduction in MIMO-OFDMIJARBEST JOURNAL
Authors: Jayaraman.G1, VeeraKumar K2, Selvakani.S3
Abstract— In communication system, it is aimed to provide highest possible
transmission rate at the lowest possible power and with the least possible noise. MIMOOFDM
has been chosen for high data rate communications and widely deployed in many
wireless communication standards. The major drawback in OFDM signal transmission is
high PAPR. In previous, use clipping technique to tackle this problem. In this paper, use
EM-GAMP algorithm to reduce PAPR in considerable amount.
The document discusses adaptive linear equalizers and turbo equalizers. It provides an overview of how adaptive linear equalizers work to compensate for inter-symbol interference caused by time-variant channels. It also describes how turbo equalizers use feedback between an equalizer and decoder to iteratively improve signal estimation. Key components of the receiver like encoders, interleavers, mappers, and the forward-backward algorithm are explained. Applications of turbo equalization in technologies like SC-FDMA, GSM, and packet data transmission are also mentioned.
P ERFORMANCE A NALYSIS O F A DAPTIVE N OISE C ANCELLER E MPLOYING N LMS A LG...ijwmn
n voice communication systems, noise cancellation
using adaptive digital filter is a renowned techniq
ue
for extracting desired speech signal through elimin
ating noise from the speech signal corrupted by noi
se.
In this paper, the performance of adaptive noise ca
nceller of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) type has b
een
analysed employing NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Squa
re) algorithm.
An extensive study has been made
to investigate the effects of different parameters,
such as number of filter coefficients, number of s
amples,
step size, and input noise level, on the performanc
e of the adaptive noise cancelling system. All the
results
have been obtained using computer simulations built
on MATLAB platform.
This document discusses acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) systems using artificial neural network algorithms. It begins with background on AEC and issues with nonlinear echo paths. It then presents an AEC system using an artificial neural network combined with an adaptive filter model to address nonlinear environments. Simulation results on Matlab demonstrate that the proposed neural network approach combined with a Laguerre filter achieves lower error and higher echo return loss than adaptive filter-only methods, showing it effectively reduces echo signals in linear and nonlinear systems. The paper concludes the combined neural network-filter algorithm is a promising approach for acoustic echo cancellation.
Analysis the results_of_acoustic_echo_cancellation_for_speech_processing_usin...Venkata Sudhir Vedurla
This document presents an analysis of acoustic echo cancellation for speech processing using the LMS adaptive filtering algorithm. It begins with an abstract that outlines the challenges of conventional echo cancellation techniques and the need for a computationally efficient, rapidly converging algorithm. It then provides background on acoustic echo, the principles of echo cancellation, discrete time signals, speech signals, and an overview of the LMS adaptive filtering algorithm and its application to echo cancellation. The document analyzes the performance of the LMS algorithm for echo cancellation by examining how the step size parameter affects convergence and steady state error. It concludes that the LMS algorithm is well-suited for echo cancellation due to its computational simplicity, though the step size must be carefully selected for optimal performance
DESIGN REALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ACOUSTIC ECHO CANCELLATIO...sipij
Nowadays, in the field of communications, AEC (acoustic echo cancellation) is truly essential with respect
to the quality of multimedia transmission. In this paper, we designed and developed an efficient AEC based
on adaptive filters to improve quality of service in telecommunications against the phenomena of acoustic
echo, which is indeed a problem in hands-free communications.The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is its capacity of tracking non-stationary signals such as acoustic echo. In this work the acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is modeled using a digital signal
processing technique especially Simulink Blocksets. The algorithm’s code is generated in Matlab Simulink
programming environment. At simulation level, results of simulink implementation prove that module
behavior is realistic when it comes to cancellation of echo in hands free communication using adaptive algorithm.Results obtained with our algorithm in terms of ERLE criteria are confronted to IUT-T recommendation
G.168.
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
This document discusses echo cancellation using adaptive combination of normalized subband adaptive filters (NSAFs). It presents the following:
1. Fullband adaptive filters can have slow convergence due to correlated speech input and long echo path impulse responses. Subband adaptive filters (SAFs) address this by using individual adaptive filters in spectral subbands.
2. Adaptive combination of SAFs provides a way to achieve both fast convergence and small steady-state error. It independently adapts filters with different step sizes, then combines them using a mixing parameter adapted by stochastic gradient descent.
3. The proposed method adaptively combines NSAFs in subbands. It uses a large step size filter for fast convergence and a
Optical sensing techniques and signal processing 5ali alavi
This document discusses frequency analysis of optical imaging systems. It begins with a generalized treatment of imaging systems and defines the amplitude transfer function and impulse response. For coherent systems, the image is a convolution of the ideal image and amplitude impulse response. For incoherent systems, the image intensity is a convolution with the intensity impulse response, which is the squared amplitude impulse response. It then examines the frequency responses of coherent and incoherent systems, defining the amplitude transfer function and optical transfer function respectively.
This document describes a method for separating source signals from interfering signals using an adaptive AMUSE algorithm. It begins with background on blind source separation and the AMUSE algorithm. The proposed method applies the adaptive AMUSE algorithm to signals obtained from nodes in an analog resistor-capacitor circuit, where one input signal is known. The algorithm estimates the source signals by reconstructing the signals using an extended Kalman smoother. The method is experimentally tested on a simulated resistor-capacitor circuit with three input signals and signals measured at random nodes.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document describes a study that uses a hybrid neuro-fuzzy (HNF) approach for automatic generation control (AGC) of a two-area interconnected power system. The HNF controller is designed using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system to control frequency and tie-line power deviations. Simulation results show the HNF controller provides improved dynamic response and faster control compared to a conventional PI controller. The HNF approach can handle non-linearities in power systems while providing faster control than other conventional controllers.
Three Element Beam forming Algorithm with Reduced Interference Effect in Sign...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Comparison of different Sub-Band Adaptive Noise Canceller with LMS and RLSijsrd.com
Sub-band adaptive noise is employed in various fields like noise cancellation, echo cancellation and system identification etc. It reduces computational complexity and improve convergence rate. In this paper we perform different Sub-band noise cancellation method for simulation. The Comparison with different algorithm has been done to find out which one is best.
parametric method of power spectrum Estimationjunjer
The document discusses parametric methods of power spectrum estimation. It explains that parametric methods estimate the parameters of a mathematical model that describes the signal generation process. This involves selecting a model such as autoregressive (AR), moving average (MA), or autoregressive moving average (ARMA), estimating the model parameters from the data, and then using the estimated parameters to calculate the power spectrum. The document provides details on how to estimate the power spectrum using AR, MA, and ARMA models. It also discusses maximum entropy spectral estimation and high-resolution spectral estimation based on eigen-analysis.
Doppler Estimation Method of Using Frequency Channel Response for OFDM System...Tatsuji Miyamoto
This document proposes a new Doppler estimation method for OFDM systems that uses the frequency channel response (CFR) instead of the conventional method that uses the channel impulse response (CIR). The proposed method employs the autocorrelation of the estimated CFR, which can be accurately estimated even when zero-padding is used, unlike the CIR. A least squares method is then applied to the autocorrelation values to estimate the Doppler frequency. The document compares the proposed method to conventional methods through simulations, demonstrating better Doppler and C/N estimation accuracy, especially at higher Doppler spreads and lower C/N values.
These slides deal with the basic problem of channel equalization and exposes the issue related to it and shows how it can be balanced by the usage of effective and robust algorithms.
Time alignment techniques for experimental sensor dataIJCSES Journal
Experimental data is subject to data loss, which presents a challenge for representing the data with a
proper time scale. Additionally, data from separate measurement systems need to be aligned in order to
use the data cooperatively. Due to the need for accurate time alignment, various practical techniques are
presented along with an illustrative example detailing each step of the time alignment procedure for actual
experimental data from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Some example MATLAB code is also
provided.
1. The document compares two methods for determining position using distributed ultrasound beacons: an iterative method and a direct method.
2. The iterative method uses least squares approximation in multiple iterations to handle an over-determined problem, while the direct method uses geometry to directly solve for position from three transmitter measurements.
3. Testing showed the direct method had slightly better average accuracy but was less robust, while the iterative method was faster computationally and better handled missing or erroneous data. Neither method emerged as a clear winner.
Reducting Power Dissipation in Fir Filter: an AnalysisCSCJournals
This document summarizes and analyzes three existing techniques for reducing power consumption in FIR filters: signed power-of-two representation, steepest descent optimization, and coefficient segmentation. It finds that steepest descent can reduce hamming distance between coefficients by up to 26%, while coefficient segmentation can achieve up to 47% reduction. However, both techniques degrade filter performance parameters slightly. Signed power-of-two representation provides the most power reduction of 63% but introduces overhead from additional adders and shifters. The document evaluates these techniques on four low-pass FIR filters and concludes there is a tradeoff between hamming distance reduction and degradation of filter specifications.
BER Analysis ofImpulse Noise inOFDM System Using LMS,NLMS&RLSiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Design of Linear Array Transducer Using Ultrasound Simulation Program Field-IIinventy
This document summarizes a study that used the ultrasound simulation program Field II to model and simulate the pressure field generated by a linear array transducer and its propagation through biological tissue. The study designed a 16-element linear array transducer with Field II and simulated its impulse response. It then propagated the acoustic field through a human kidney tissue and observed the pressure profile and beam pattern at the focal point. The study also compared the impulse response, pressure field, beam pattern and detected images produced by linear arrays with 32 elements versus 64 elements. The results demonstrated Field II's ability to simulate ultrasound transducers and propagate fields through tissue.
An Adaptive Two-level Filtering Technique for Noise Lines in Video ImagesCSCJournals
Due to narrow-band noise signals in transmission channels, visible lines of disturbance can appear in video images. In this paper, an adaptive method based on two-level filtering is proposed to enhance the visual quality of such images. In the first level, an adaptive orientation selective filter detects and clears the noisy lines in the image. In the second level, a median filter repairs defects resulting from the orientation selective filtering process and also filters the wide-band impulsive noise. It was observed that in case of periodic noisy lines in TV images, this filtering technique can sufficiently enhance the image quality and improve the SNR level.
Performance Analysis of PAPR Reduction in MIMO-OFDMIJARBEST JOURNAL
Authors: Jayaraman.G1, VeeraKumar K2, Selvakani.S3
Abstract— In communication system, it is aimed to provide highest possible
transmission rate at the lowest possible power and with the least possible noise. MIMOOFDM
has been chosen for high data rate communications and widely deployed in many
wireless communication standards. The major drawback in OFDM signal transmission is
high PAPR. In previous, use clipping technique to tackle this problem. In this paper, use
EM-GAMP algorithm to reduce PAPR in considerable amount.
The document discusses adaptive linear equalizers and turbo equalizers. It provides an overview of how adaptive linear equalizers work to compensate for inter-symbol interference caused by time-variant channels. It also describes how turbo equalizers use feedback between an equalizer and decoder to iteratively improve signal estimation. Key components of the receiver like encoders, interleavers, mappers, and the forward-backward algorithm are explained. Applications of turbo equalization in technologies like SC-FDMA, GSM, and packet data transmission are also mentioned.
P ERFORMANCE A NALYSIS O F A DAPTIVE N OISE C ANCELLER E MPLOYING N LMS A LG...ijwmn
n voice communication systems, noise cancellation
using adaptive digital filter is a renowned techniq
ue
for extracting desired speech signal through elimin
ating noise from the speech signal corrupted by noi
se.
In this paper, the performance of adaptive noise ca
nceller of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) type has b
een
analysed employing NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Squa
re) algorithm.
An extensive study has been made
to investigate the effects of different parameters,
such as number of filter coefficients, number of s
amples,
step size, and input noise level, on the performanc
e of the adaptive noise cancelling system. All the
results
have been obtained using computer simulations built
on MATLAB platform.
This document discusses acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) systems using artificial neural network algorithms. It begins with background on AEC and issues with nonlinear echo paths. It then presents an AEC system using an artificial neural network combined with an adaptive filter model to address nonlinear environments. Simulation results on Matlab demonstrate that the proposed neural network approach combined with a Laguerre filter achieves lower error and higher echo return loss than adaptive filter-only methods, showing it effectively reduces echo signals in linear and nonlinear systems. The paper concludes the combined neural network-filter algorithm is a promising approach for acoustic echo cancellation.
Analysis the results_of_acoustic_echo_cancellation_for_speech_processing_usin...Venkata Sudhir Vedurla
This document presents an analysis of acoustic echo cancellation for speech processing using the LMS adaptive filtering algorithm. It begins with an abstract that outlines the challenges of conventional echo cancellation techniques and the need for a computationally efficient, rapidly converging algorithm. It then provides background on acoustic echo, the principles of echo cancellation, discrete time signals, speech signals, and an overview of the LMS adaptive filtering algorithm and its application to echo cancellation. The document analyzes the performance of the LMS algorithm for echo cancellation by examining how the step size parameter affects convergence and steady state error. It concludes that the LMS algorithm is well-suited for echo cancellation due to its computational simplicity, though the step size must be carefully selected for optimal performance
DESIGN REALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AN ACOUSTIC ECHO CANCELLATIO...sipij
Nowadays, in the field of communications, AEC (acoustic echo cancellation) is truly essential with respect
to the quality of multimedia transmission. In this paper, we designed and developed an efficient AEC based
on adaptive filters to improve quality of service in telecommunications against the phenomena of acoustic
echo, which is indeed a problem in hands-free communications.The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is its capacity of tracking non-stationary signals such as acoustic echo. In this work the acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is modeled using a digital signal
processing technique especially Simulink Blocksets. The algorithm’s code is generated in Matlab Simulink
programming environment. At simulation level, results of simulink implementation prove that module
behavior is realistic when it comes to cancellation of echo in hands free communication using adaptive algorithm.Results obtained with our algorithm in terms of ERLE criteria are confronted to IUT-T recommendation
G.168.
ECG Signal Denoising using Digital Filter and Adaptive FilterIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses methods for denoising electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, including digital filters and adaptive filters.
2. It evaluates the performance of Savitzky-Golay filters, band pass filters, and adaptive noise cancellation techniques for removing noise from ECG signals and improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
3. The key filters discussed are Savitzky-Golay filters, Tompkins filters, Butterworth band pass filters, and least mean square adaptive filters, analyzing their ability to reduce noise like powerline interference, baseline drift, and motion artifacts from ECG data.
Real Time Results of a Fuzzy Neural Network Active Noise ControllerIRJET Journal
This document presents a fuzzy neural network approach for an active noise control system. The key points are:
- Active noise control systems aim to reduce noise by generating secondary noise with equal amplitude but opposite phase to cancel out primary noise.
- Traditional active noise control systems using filtered-X least mean square algorithms can be unstable and have difficulty with nonlinear systems.
- The proposed system uses a fuzzy neural network to introduce nonlinear modeling capabilities and compensate for saturation in the power amplifier.
- An online learning algorithm is developed based on error gradient descent to adaptively update the fuzzy neural network weights and model the nonlinear system.
- Experimental results demonstrating real-time active noise control using the fuzzy neural network approach are
This document describes a study that introduces a Modified Error Data Normalized Step Size (MEDNSS) algorithm for an adaptive noise canceller. The MEDNSS algorithm uses a time-varying step size that depends on normalization of both the error and data vectors. The performance of the MEDNSS algorithm is analyzed through computer simulation and compared to the Error Data Normalized Step Size algorithm in stationary and non-stationary environments with different noise power levels. Simulation results show the MEDNSS algorithm significantly improves minimizing signal distortion, excess mean square error, and misadjustment factor compared to the EDNSS algorithm.
Low complexity algorithm for updating the coefficients of adaptive 2IAEME Publication
This document presents a low complexity algorithm for updating the coefficients of an adaptive filter. The algorithm analyzes the application environment to dynamically change the update rate of the filter coefficients. It builds a nonlinear relationship between the update rate and minimum error. The update rate is adjusted using a time partition method that updates coefficients every "m" samples, where increasing m reduces computations but slows convergence. To minimize convergence time, the algorithm dynamically adjusts the update rate using the relationship between downsampling factor m and error. Acoustic echo cancellation experiments show the proposed algorithm performs better than traditional methods with significantly lower complexity.
The document presents an adaptive noise cancellation system for removing noise from audio signals. It uses an adaptive filter based on the least mean square (LMS) algorithm to filter noise from a noisy audio input signal. The adaptive filter adjusts its coefficients over time to minimize the error between the filter output and the clean audio signal. The system was implemented in MATLAB and produced output waveforms showing the clean audio signal, noisy input, filter output, and error signal. The adaptive noise cancellation system was found to efficiently remove noise from audio signals.
IRJET- Performance Evaluation of DOA Estimation using MUSIC and Beamformi...IRJET Journal
This document presents a simulation study comparing the MUSIC algorithm and LMS adaptive beamforming algorithm for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and beamforming in a smart antenna system. The MUSIC algorithm uses eigendecomposition to estimate the DOA of multiple signals and finds the position location of the desired user. The LMS algorithm then adapts the beam pattern by adjusting weights to maximize gain towards the desired user while nulling interference from other directions. The simulation results show sharp peaks in the MUSIC spectrum to accurately locate the desired user and deep nulls in the LMS beam pattern to suppress interference.
This document summarizes research on the design of adaptive heterodyne filters for digital receivers. It describes two techniques for designing tunable heterodyne filters: 1) a three-way tunable complex heterodyne filter that rotates poles and zeros like a combination lock, and 2) a Nyquist tunable heterodyne filter that removes frequencies above the Nyquist frequency. It also proposes using an LMS adaptive notch filter for frequency detection and a numerically controlled oscillator to interface the detection circuit with the tunable filter, creating an adaptive system to attenuate detected interference frequencies.
IJCER (www.ijceronline.com) International Journal of computational Engineerin...ijceronline
This document summarizes a research paper on echo cancellation using adaptive combination of normalized subband adaptive filters (NSAFs). The paper proposes using adaptive combination of NSAFs to achieve both fast convergence and low steady-state mean squared error. The input signal is divided into subbands, and NSAFs are adapted independently in each subband. Adaptive combination is then performed by adapting a mixing parameter that controls the combination of subband outputs. Experimental results show the proposed method achieves improved performance over conventional NSAF methods using fewer adaptive filters.
This document describes a LabVIEW-based harmonic analyzer that measures the total harmonic distortion (THD) of analog circuits. The analyzer interfaces with a National Instruments ELVIS kit to read output signals from prototype circuits. It uses LabVIEW blocks including DAQ assistance, distortion measurement, and number display to sample the circuit output, measure its fundamental frequency and harmonics, and compute the THD. The analyzer was tested on an inverting amplifier circuit, measuring THDs below 0.5% for input frequencies of 50Hz, 500Hz, and 5kHz, indicating low distortion. Future work may include adding filters to reduce measured harmonic distortion levels.
New system of chaotic signal generation based on coupling coefficients applie...University of Malaya (UM)
This document proposes a new system for generating chaotic signals using an add/drop system with coupling coefficients. Key points:
1) The system uses a fiber ring resonator such as an add/drop system that can exhibit chaotic behavior when light travels through it. This chaotic behavior can be used to secure information in communication systems.
2) The system is simulated using InGaAsP/InP optical material. By varying the coupling coefficient, the chaotic output power can be controlled and optimized for applications.
3) Lower input power is recommended, as it can be obtained by using a larger coupling coefficient between 0 and 1, or a smaller coefficient above 11. This optimization is important for practical optical communication systems.
This document summarizes a research paper that compares different digital filtering techniques for removing noise from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. It describes how finite impulse response (FIR) filters were designed using various windowing techniques, including rectangular, Hamming, Hanning, and Blackman windows. Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters and wavelet transforms were also evaluated for denoising ECG signals. The performance of the different filtering approaches were compared based on the power spectral density and average power of the signals before and after filtering. The paper found that an FIR filter designed with the Kaiser window showed the best results for noise removal from ECG signals.
Performance Analysis of Acoustic Echo Cancellation TechniquesIJERA Editor
Mainly, the adaptive filters are implemented in time domain which works efficiently in most of the applications. But in many applications the impulse response becomes too large, which increases the complexity of the adaptive filter beyond a level where it can no longer be implemented efficiently in time domain. An example of where this can happen would be acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) applications. So, there exists an alternative solution i.e. to implement the filters in frequency domain. AEC has so many applications in wide variety of problems in industrial operations, manufacturing and consumer products. Here in this paper, a comparative analysis of different acoustic echo cancellation techniques i.e. Frequency domain adaptive filter (FDAF), Least mean square (LMS), Normalized least mean square (NLMS) &Sign error (SE) is presented. The results are compared with different values of step sizes and the performance of these techniques is measured in terms of Error rate loss enhancement (ERLE), Mean square error (MSE)& Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR).
Generation of Quantum Photon Information Using Extremely Narrow Optical Tweez...University of Malaya (UM)
A system of microring resonator (MRR) is presented to generate extremely narrow optical tweezers. An add/drop filter system consisting of one centered ring and one smaller ring on the left side can be used to generate extremely narrow pulse of optical tweezers. Optical tweezers generated by the dark-Gaussian behavior propagate via the MRRs system, where the input Gaussian pulse controls the output signal at the drop port of the system. Here the output optical tweezers can be connected to a quantum signal processing system (receiver), where it can be used to generate high capacity quantum codes within series of MRR’s and an add/drop filter. Detection of the encoded signals known as quantum bits can be done by the receiver unit system. Generated entangled photon pair propagates via an optical communication link. Here, the result of optical tweezers with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.3 nm, 0.8 nm and 1.6 nm, 1.3 nm are obtained at the through and drop ports of the system respectively. These results used to be transmitted through a quantum signal processor via an optical computer network communication link.
Rolling Element Bearing Condition Monitoring using Filtered Acoustic Emission IJECEIAES
This document summarizes research on using filtered acoustic emission signals to monitor the condition of rolling element bearings. The researchers collected acoustic emission data from both healthy and defective bearings. They applied three active noise cancellation techniques (LMS, EMD, wavelet) to filter the noisy acoustic signals and compared their performance based on SNR and MSE, finding that EMD provided the best filtering. Time, frequency, and time-frequency analyses were then used to analyze the filtered signals and diagnose bearing faults. The analyses clearly showed differences between healthy and defective bearings and could detect different types of defects. The research demonstrates that acoustic emission monitoring combined with noise filtering is effective for rolling element bearing condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.
This document compares techniques for reducing out-of-band interference in OFDM systems, including carrier nulling, windowing, and active interference cancellation (AIC). It implements these techniques in MATLAB and analyzes their effectiveness in lowering interference levels. Specifically, it shows that AIC provides the most interference suppression but results in power peaks as the number of AIC tones increases. To address this, the document proposes incorporating an optimization technique to restore power levels when varying the number of AIC tones.
Hardware Implementation of Adaptive Noise Cancellation over DSP Kit TMS320C6713CSCJournals
In noisy acoustic environment, audio signal in speech communication from mobile phone, moving car, train, aero plane, or over a noisy telephone channel is corrupted by additive random noise. The noise is unwanted signal and it is desirable to remove noise from original signal. Since noise is random process and varying at every instant of time, we need to estimate noise at every instant to remove it from original signal. There are many schemes for noise removal but most effective scheme to accomplish noise cancellation is to use adaptive filters. In this paper, we have carried out simulations for different adaptive algorithms (LMS, NLMS and RLS) and compared their performance for noise cancellation in noisy environment. Real time implementation of adaptive algorithm over DSP kit (TMS320C6713) is also presented in this paper. Performance of adaptive algorithm over hardware is also presented. Developed system incorporating best performance adaptive filter in any noisy environment can be used for noise cancellation.
In this work, we develop a new approach to active noise cancellation. Theoretically, we use a 180 degree phase
shift of the noise, i.e. generate an anti-noise, to cancel the original signal. Here, we have designed FIR filter
which is driven by the input signal and has the noise signal as the feedback, and output of which is the required
result. The active noise control system contains an electro-acoustic device that cancels the unwanted audio
signal by generating an anti-noise of equal amplitude and opposite phase. The original, unwanted sound and the
anti-noise combine acoustically, resulting in the cancellation of both sounds. The effectiveness of cancellation
of the unwanted signal depends on the accuracy of the amplitude and phase of the generated anti-noise.
Similar to A New Method for a Nonlinear Acoustic Echo Cancellation System (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia