For B.Pharm 4th sem student
The isomerism which occurs due to difference of the positions of the substituents about a double bond or a ring due to restricted rotation is called geometric isomerism.
They do not rotate the plane of polarised light (unless they also happen to be chiral), and do not have identical properties.
Cis-Trans Isomerism In Organic Compounds For CAPE Unit 2 Chemistry StudentsDenison Dwarkah
Explains the basics of what cis-trans isomerism is, and how to spot it in organic compounds. A useful presentation for someone who is just starting CAPE unit 2 chemistry.
Stereochemistry part 3 Geometrical isomerismAtulBendale2
CIS/ TRANS, E/Z nomenclature,
The term cis - is used when two similar atoms or groups are present on same sides across the double bond and the term trans - is used when two similar atoms or groups are
present on opposite sides across the double bond.
For B.Pharm 4th sem student
The isomerism which occurs due to difference of the positions of the substituents about a double bond or a ring due to restricted rotation is called geometric isomerism.
They do not rotate the plane of polarised light (unless they also happen to be chiral), and do not have identical properties.
Cis-Trans Isomerism In Organic Compounds For CAPE Unit 2 Chemistry StudentsDenison Dwarkah
Explains the basics of what cis-trans isomerism is, and how to spot it in organic compounds. A useful presentation for someone who is just starting CAPE unit 2 chemistry.
Stereochemistry part 3 Geometrical isomerismAtulBendale2
CIS/ TRANS, E/Z nomenclature,
The term cis - is used when two similar atoms or groups are present on same sides across the double bond and the term trans - is used when two similar atoms or groups are
present on opposite sides across the double bond.
Introduction to stereochemistry, Representation of 3D molecules, R/S nomenclature, D-L and M-P convention, Topicity, Prochirality, Allenes, Biphenyls, Spiranes, Hemispirane.
Unit II-Geometric isomerism and conformational isomer as PCI Syllabus of POC-IIIGanesh Mote
It Includes Cis-Trans Isomer, E& Z Nomenclature, Syn and Anti isomer, Determination of geometrical isomer, Conformations of ethane, Butane, Cyclohexane, Stereospecific and stereoselective addition reactions.
Textbooks and OER’s: Where we’ve been and where we’re going!MSCSA
This presentation will review legislative acton on textbooks, look at the introduction of Open Educational
Resources, and discuss what’s being done now on the issue.
The planing for Kutamba Dance pilot project in Mutare, Zimbabwe for the period of October-December 2013
NB: Want to use Dance Leadership Skills training? Contact us through Facebook at @svikaworks
Introduction to stereochemistry, Representation of 3D molecules, R/S nomenclature, D-L and M-P convention, Topicity, Prochirality, Allenes, Biphenyls, Spiranes, Hemispirane.
Unit II-Geometric isomerism and conformational isomer as PCI Syllabus of POC-IIIGanesh Mote
It Includes Cis-Trans Isomer, E& Z Nomenclature, Syn and Anti isomer, Determination of geometrical isomer, Conformations of ethane, Butane, Cyclohexane, Stereospecific and stereoselective addition reactions.
Textbooks and OER’s: Where we’ve been and where we’re going!MSCSA
This presentation will review legislative acton on textbooks, look at the introduction of Open Educational
Resources, and discuss what’s being done now on the issue.
The planing for Kutamba Dance pilot project in Mutare, Zimbabwe for the period of October-December 2013
NB: Want to use Dance Leadership Skills training? Contact us through Facebook at @svikaworks
Jessica Medearis, MSCSA Associate Director
This session will build a foundation of knowledge about the state of Minnesota’s higher education system. Topics will include the structure of higher education systems, especially MnSCU, student involvement in decision-making, and the role of the state legislature.
Venture Capital project, in the context of this course we explore venture capital as a social science. Meaning, that it consists of thought leaders, supporters, visionaries and far more than just money. Your assignment is to follow 3 venture capital firms that invest in a technology area you are interested. Within each venture firm, follow 1 portfolio company.
Kelly Charpentier-Berg & Justin Klander
Are you thinking about running for elected office in MSCSA? If you have the time, dedication and ability…DO IT! This presentation will give you an understanding of each position that is elected during the Spring General Assembly and help you make the important decision for your next step in student leadership
MSCSA Director of Communications
Jonathan Miller
MSCSA Treasurer Matt Rubel
MSCSA's working documents are over 60 pages long. But what do you really need to know? During this session, we will play some games to highlight what we consider to be the most important
LinkedIn Simplified: Grow Your Visibility, Credibility, and Hire-abilityMSCSA
Sandra Zeiszler, MoxzClicks - Owner, LinkedIn Consultant, Trainer, Speaker
Are you wondering what LinkedIn is? Wondering why you are even on LinkedIn? Are you aware of the power of LinkedIn? In this informative session, you will learn: ways to help you stand out on LinkedIn; tips to using keywords that will get you found and hired, fast; and key strategies for building great connections.
When the substituent groups are oriented in the s.pdfapnafreez
When the substituent groups are oriented in the same direction, the diastereomer is
referred to as cis, whereas, when the substituents are oriented in opposing directions, the
diastereomer is referred to as trans. An example of a small hydrocarbon displaying cis/trans
isomerism is 2-butene. Alicyclic compounds can also display cis/trans isomerism. As an example
of a geometric isomer due to a ring structure, consider 1,2-dichlorocyclohexane: is/trans
isomerism (also known as geometric isomerism, configuration isomerism, or E/Z isomerism) is a
form of stereoisomerism describing the orientation of functional groups within a molecule. In
general, such isomers contain double bonds, which cannot rotate, but they can also arise from
ring structures, wherein the rotation of bonds is greatly restricted. Cis and trans isomers occur
both in organic molecules and in inorganic coordination complexes. The terms cis and trans are
from Latin, in which cis means \"on the same side\" and trans means \"on the other side\" or
\"across\". The term \"geometric isomerism\" is considered an obsolete synonym of \"cis/trans
isomerism\" by IUPAC.[1] It is sometimes used as a synonym for general stereoisomerism (e.g.,
optical isomerism being called geometric isomerism); the correct term for non-optical
stereoisomerism is diastereomerism.
Solution
When the substituent groups are oriented in the same direction, the diastereomer is
referred to as cis, whereas, when the substituents are oriented in opposing directions, the
diastereomer is referred to as trans. An example of a small hydrocarbon displaying cis/trans
isomerism is 2-butene. Alicyclic compounds can also display cis/trans isomerism. As an example
of a geometric isomer due to a ring structure, consider 1,2-dichlorocyclohexane: is/trans
isomerism (also known as geometric isomerism, configuration isomerism, or E/Z isomerism) is a
form of stereoisomerism describing the orientation of functional groups within a molecule. In
general, such isomers contain double bonds, which cannot rotate, but they can also arise from
ring structures, wherein the rotation of bonds is greatly restricted. Cis and trans isomers occur
both in organic molecules and in inorganic coordination complexes. The terms cis and trans are
from Latin, in which cis means \"on the same side\" and trans means \"on the other side\" or
\"across\". The term \"geometric isomerism\" is considered an obsolete synonym of \"cis/trans
isomerism\" by IUPAC.[1] It is sometimes used as a synonym for general stereoisomerism (e.g.,
optical isomerism being called geometric isomerism); the correct term for non-optical
stereoisomerism is diastereomerism..
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
4. Introduction
In organic chemistry csi/trans isomerism (also known
as geometric isomerism, or E/Z isomerism) is a
form of stereoisomerism describing the orientation
of functional groups within a molecule. In general,
such isomers contain double bonds, which cannot
rotate, but they can also arise from ring structures,
wherein the rotation of bonds is greatly
restricted. Cis and trans isomers occur both in organic
molecules and in inorganic coordination complexes.
6. Nomenclature
The terms cis and trans are from Latin, in
which cis means "on the same side" and trans means
"on the other side" or "across". The term "geometric
isomerism" is considered an obsolete synonym of
"cis/trans isomerism" by IUPAC. It is sometimes used
as a synonym for general stereoisomerism (e.g., optical
isomerism being called geometric isomerism); the
correct term for non-optical stereoisomerism
is diastereomerism.The cis is german word zusamen
which mean together represent by z and trans is
Entgegen which mean opposite.
9. Dipole moment
- They can have different dipole moments.
In a trans compound, the dipole can cancel but not
in cis compound.
- The trans compound is more symmetric and can
pack well, but not the cis compound. So the trans
compound will generally have a high melting point.
11. Physical Property
Cis-2-butene have high boiling point [4(3.73)] because
they have high dipole moment.
Trans-2-butene have high melting point [1(0.9)] due to
less dipole moment.
Cis M.P (- 139)
Trans B.P(-105.5)
12. Chemical Property
Cis gives addition reaction.
Addition of halogens.
Addition of hydrogen.
Addition of sulphuric acid.e.t.c.
Trans gives elimination reaction.
Only E2 reaction.
13. Why trans is more stable than cis?
Because in trans the large substituents (methyl groups,
etc.) are farther apart and therefore have less steric
strain.
Explation:-
In cis alkyl group present on the same side of double bond
repulsive force occur.but in trans alkyl group present on
opposite side while repulsive force dose not occur.
14. Stability
Those isomers which have smaller value of heat of
combustion per mole ,they have more stable so by this
reason trans is more stable than cis because low value
of com/per mole.
Cis-2-
butene
(2712)
Trans-2-
butene
(2707)
15. convertion cis-2-butene into trans-2-butene
cis and trans are structural isomers. The double bond
does not allow free rotation so the configuration is
fixed and cannot be converted unless bonds are broken
and reformed in the new configuration. If we rotate
one carbon of the double bond to 90˚ the p orbital
become prependicular to each other and then there is
no net overlap between them.As a result,the pi bond
breaks and only the sigma bond remains.Neither of
doubly bonded carbon atoms can be rotated about the
double bond with out breaking the pi bond.the
strength of pi bond is 263kj/mol which is the barrier to
rotation about the double bond.