The document outlines the binomial system of nomenclature developed by Carolus Linnaeus, which assigns every species a unique two-part scientific name. It then lists the seven main levels of taxonomic classification - kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species - providing examples from plants and animals. Several plant and animal phyla are distinguished by their external features. The document concludes by instructing the design of a dichotomous identification key for up to eight organisms.

1. 5.5 Classification
5.5.1
Outline the binomial system of nomenclature
(also referred to as a scientific name)
Swedish botanist, Carolus Linnaeus (17071778)
Internationally recognised name for each
species

2. 5.5 Classification
Rules for binomial nomenclature:
1. The first name is the Genus name
2. The Genus name is CAPITALISED
3. The second name is the species name
4. The species name is not capitalised
5. Italics are used if the name is printed
6. The name is underlined if handwritten
Homo sapiens, Panthera leo, etc.

3. 5.5 Classification
5.5.2
List the seven levels in the hierarchy of taxa
- use an example from two different
kingdoms for each level.

4. Dusky leaf monkey
Hibiscus

5. Dusky Leaf Monkey
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Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Cercopithecidae
Trachypithecus
T. obscurus
m
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Plantae
Magnoliophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Malvaceae
Hibiscus
Gross Sometimes
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Hibiscus
H. rosa-sinensis
Kings Play Chess On Folding Glass Stools
Kissing Pretty Cute Otter Feels
King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup

6. 5.5 Classification
• 5.5.3 Distinguish between the following
phyla of plants, using simple external
recognition features: bryophyta,
filicinophyta, coniferophyta and
angiospermophyta.
• 5.5.4 Distinguish between the following
phyla of animals, using simple external
recognition features: porifera, cnidaria,
platyhelminthes, annelida, mollusca and
arthropoda.

7. Bryophyta – mosses and liverworts
(0.5m)
• No roots, just rhizoids
• Small
• Spores produced in capsules
Mosses have simple
leaves and stems
Liverworts have
a flattened “thallus”

8. Filicinophyta – ferns (<15m)
•
•
Roots, leaves and short (non-woody)stems
Pinnate leaves
•
Curled up in buds
•
Spores in sporangia (underside of leaves)
shallow roots

9. Coniferophyta – conifers (100m)
• Shrubs or trees with roots, leaves and woody
stems
• Narrow
leaves
(needles)
with thick
waxy
cuticle
• Produce seeds from ovules in femaleones (&
cones (pollen is produced from
from smaller male cones)

10. Angiospermophyta – flowering
plants (100m)
• Roots, stems and leaves
• If shrubs or trees, woody stems
• Produce seeds from ovules inside ovaries.
Fruits develop from
ovaries, to disperse
seeds

11. Porifera (sponges)
• Poriferans don't have mouths or
anuses; instead, they have tiny
pores in their outer walls through
which water is drawn.
• No symmetry and sessile

12. Cnidaria (corals, anemones and jellyfish)
• Single opening to stomach, that functions as both
mouth and anus
• It has radial symmetry
• Has tentacles armed with stinging cells called
nematocysts.

13. Platyhelminths (flatworms)
• Bilaterally
symmetrical
• Flat bodies
• No body cavity other
than the gut
• Mouth but no anus

14. Annelida (segmented worms)
• Segmented, long body (often with chitae)
• Mouth and anus
• Bilaterally symmetrical

15. Mollusca
• The body has a head, a
foot and a mantle that
typically secretes the shell.
• The buccal cavity, at the
anterior of the mollusc,
contains a radula (a ribbon
of teeth for feeding), anus
at the posterior
• The ventral foot is used in
locomotion.
• Not bilaterally symmetrical
• No segmentation visible

16. Arthropoda
• Exoskeleton made of chitin (may be
strengthened with calcium carbonate)
• Jointed limbs
• Bilaterally
symmetrical
• Segmentation
usually visible
• Four classes:
insects, arachnids,
crustaceans, millipedes

17. 5.5 Classification
• 5.5.5 Apply and design a key for a group
of up to eight organisms.
• A dichotomous key should be used.

18. Design a dichotomous key for 8
organisms

19. 5.5 Classification
5.5.1
Outline the binomial system of nomenclature
(also referred to as a scientific name)
Swedish botanist, Carolus Linnaeus (17071778)
Internationally recognised name for each
species

20. 5.5 Classification
5.5.2
List the seven levels in the hierarchy of taxa
- use an example from two different
kingdoms for each level.

21. 5.5 Classification
• 5.5.3 Distinguish between the following
phyla of plants, using simple external
recognition features: bryophyta,
filicinophyta, coniferophyta and
angiospermophyta.
• 5.5.4 Distinguish between the following
phyla of animals, using simple external
recognition features: porifera, cnidaria,
platyhelminthes, annelida, mollusca and
arthropoda.

22. 5.5 Classification
• 5.5.5 Apply and design a key for a group
of up to eight organisms.
• A dichotomous key should be used.