2. CONTENT
• WHAT IS IBS?
a. Definition
b. Characteristis
c. Types of IBS
• WHY IBS?
a. Scenario in
Construction Industry
b. Social Problems
c. Benefits
4. 1. WHAT IS IBS?
IBS may be defined as building systems
in which structural components are
manufactured in a factory, on or off site,
transported and assembled into a
structure with minimal additional site
works.
5. 1. WHAT IS IBS?
• IBS is one of the improved building systems that are
being introduced to achieve the target of faster
completion with mass production of the building
elements in places out of its final location in a building.
• It has been proven successful in some countries, namely
Finland, Denmark, Netherlands, Singapore, England and
the United States.
• MALAYSIA ???
6. 2. CHARACTERISTIC
• Industrial production of components though prefabrication,
“OR” sometimes highly mechanised in-situ processes i.e.
permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms, etc.
• Reduced labour during prefabrication of components and site
works.
• Modern design and manufacturing methods involving
Information Technology i.e usage of Computer Aided design
(CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).
7. CHARACTERISTIC
• Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles.
• Open Building Concept* i.e permitting hybrid applications,
and adaptable to standardization and MC (Modular
Coordination)
Is a system which allows the production of building components by various factories and to be compatible
with each other to be used in any building project.
8. There are various Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) used throughout the
world, and they can be classified into three major categories. According to
Junid (1986), the typical classifications are as follows:
Typical classification of IBS
Frame or post and beam system Box systemPanel system
9. In the evaluation of the
systems, various parameters
such as
the industrialised process
used 1
, the transportation 2
and erection problems,
architectural features 3
and
the sosio-economic
problems
must be considered.
10. a. FRAME SYSTEM
• Frame structures may be defined as those
structures that carry the loads through
their beams and girders to column and to
the ground
• Their important feature is the capacity to
transfer heavy loads over large spans.
• Used in the construction of bridges,
parking lots, warehouses, industrial
buildings, sport facilities and so on.
12. b. PANEL SYSTEM
• Panel system may be defined as those
structures that carry the load through large
floor and wall panels.
• Concrete panel systems are extensively
used in Europe for high rise building for
ease of construction purpose.
• Used in Hollow core slabs, Interior &
Exterior Wall
14. c. BOX SYSTEM
• Box system may be defined as those
systems that use 3D modules (or boxes) for
fabrication of habitat units.
• The main features of this system are in the
internal stability as it can withstand load
from various directions.
• Require only large prefabricated sections to
be transported or handled at one time.
16. Classification for Types
of IBS Used in Malaysia
1.Precast concrete framing, panel and box
systems
2.Steel formwork systems (tunnel forms, tilt-up systems, beams and
columns moulding forms, and permanent steel formworks)
3.Steel framing system (steel trusses, columns beams and portal
frame systems)
4.Prefabricated timber framing systems (prefabricated
timber trusses beams and columns)
5.Blockwork systems (interlocking concrete masonry units (CMU) and
lightweight concrete blocks)
17. WHY IBS??
Scenario in
Construction Industry
Compared to other sectors, the
construction industry suffers from low
productivity, safety and quality control. Due to
the traditional labour-intensive practices, the 3-
D Syndrome (Dirty, Difficult & Dangerous) has
always been associated with the construction
industry
20. BENEFITS
1. Reduction of site labour
2. Minimal wastage
3. Less site material
4. Cleaner environment
5. Controlled quality
6. Neater and safer site
7. Faster Project Completion
8. Lower total construction cost
(due to the above)
21. Modular Coordination (MC)
& Standardization
• The usage of MC is an important factor in
effective IBS application and it
complements industrialisation by
standardization.
• MC is an international system that
standardizes measurements in buildings.
• Based on the ISO standards, it is
formulated to coordinate the positions and
dimensions of components and spaces in
building designs.
22. CLASS DISCUSSION
In a group of 5~6 members,
discuss the below question
and present.
(Everybody should give points
and eleborates it to the
class!!!)
23. CLASS DISCUSSION
1. WHAT IS THE BENEFITS
OF IMPLEMENTING MC??
2. WHAT IS THE
ADVANTAGES OF USING
IBS??
3.WHAT IS THE
PROBLEMS IN
24. BENEFITS
1. Facilitates cooperation between
designer, manufacturer,
distributor, contractor &
authorities.
2. Dimensioned : standard
components without restriction on
freedom of design.
3. Optimizes the number of standard
sizes of building components.
25. BENEFITS
4. Permits a flexible types of
standardization.
5. Encourages interchangeability of
components.(material, forms or
methods of manufacturer).
6. Simplifies the site operations.
7. Ensures dimensional coordination
between installation.
26. IBS : ADVANTAGES
• Low site workers requirement due to
simplified construction methods.
• Quality-controlled and highly aesthetic
end products through the processes of
controlled pre-fabrication and simplified
installations.
• Reduction of construction materials at
sites through usage of pre-fabricated
components.
27. IBS : ADVANTAGES
(CONT’D).1
• Reduction or elimination of
conventional timber formworks;
replaced by pre-fabricated
components and alternative moulds
with multiple-usage capability.
• Reduction or elimination of props due
to the absence of conventional timber
props and the usage of pre-fabricated
components.
28. IBS : ADVANTAGES
(CONT’D).2
• Reduction of construction waste with
the usage of the standardized
components and less in-site works.
• Cleaner sites due to lesser
construction waste.
• Safer construction sites due to the
reduction of site workers, materials
and construction waste
29. IBS : ADVANTAGES
(CONT’D).3
• Faster completion of construction
projects due to the usage of
standardized pre-fabricated
components and simplified
installation processes.
• Cheaper total construction costs;
made possible due to all of the
above.
31. PROBLEM…
Lack of Expertise /
Experience
• Lack of experience practicing /
designing IBS by
consultants/contractors /clients
• Short experience workers
(manufacturing & installtion)
• Defects works by previous pre-cast
systems.
• QS lack of experience pricing the IBS
projects.
Cost
• Only 15% contractors using IBS,
because the LOW labour cost in this
country is the root causes.
• Labour cost is cheap, so WHY IBS??
(wrong mind-set)
32. CHALLENGES IN IBS
• A pre-requisite for IBS is the
adoption of MC by all parties from
the submitting technical consultants
to the approving authorities.
• In Malaysia, MC is hardly used in
building design.
• The reality in our context is that most
building specialist still apply
measurements in terms of feet, e.g
18f, instead of 6 m houses.
• Public and private sectors would
need to play their roles in educationg
the local construction industry player.
33. CHALLENGES IN IBS
• Aside from voluntarily changing in
mind-set, there must be some push
factors to catalyse the shift in mind-
set.
• Incentives and regulatory
requirements for the introduction and
adoption of IBS should be the next
concrete plan of action to be
spreadheaded by CIDB.
34. End of IBS …
SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES OF IBS CONSTRUCTION
METHOD
38. TUTORIAL
1) April 2008, Q4 (a)
Discuss whether the implementation of
Industrialized Building System can
reduce the cost of a building
construction. (10marks)
TIPS:
*5 points x 2 marks = 10marks. (Depend on
the arguments & explanations) ~ it can be YES
or NO answer.
39. TUTORIAL
2) October 2007, Q3
“The Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) is a construction
process that utilizes techniques, products, compenants, or
building systems which involved prefabricated components
and on-site installation”.
Based on the above statement, discuss the benefit of
the IBS implementation. (25marks)
TIPS:
* To discuss at least 10 point ; each point is 2.5
marks.
40. TUTORIAL• 3) April 2010, Q4 b
Discuss the benefits of the IBS implementation in the
Malaysian Construction Industry.
(15 marks) :
TIPS:
How many points? At least give 7 points !!
• 4) Oct 2009, Q3 (b)
Industrialised Building System would be suitable for
many types of construction project in Malaysia. Discuss this
statement. (15 marks).
TIPS:
* To discuss about the benefits / characteristics,
whereby can suit with the construction projects.
41. TUTORIAL
5) April 2009, Q4 (b)
In the research and development for IBS, how can
pre-stressing be integrated in the development and
successful implementation of such system through
advance development and technology of
building material. (15 marks).
TIPS:
*Pre-stressing?..what component can be
used?.. Types of IBS systems can integrate
with this P/S method?? Give examples,
including the benefits of using Pre-stressed
in IBS systems.
42. TUTORIAL
6) Oct 2010, Q5 (b)
Define Industrialised Building System (IBS) and
discuss its suitability for use in the Malaysian
Construction Industry (13 marks).
TIPS:
*To define IBS (@ 2 marks for definition,
you give example, add 1 marks).
Suitability ?? May include the advantages
points, however, must elobrate it within
Malaysian Construction Industry scope, (5
points + 5 explaination = 10marks).
