Building Technology 1_Report_IBS (Industralized Building System)

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY I
PROJECT 1 : INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
SUBMISSION : 9 OCTOBER 2017
PREPARED BY
TUTOR : MR. RIZAL
NAME ID NUMBER
CHONG CHIN PIN
ERICA CHIN CHING
JACINTA KABRINA MAJALAP
LIEW MIN YEE
LOONG BO LIN
TAN JINGWEI
0319595
0320460
0311339
0324525
0321469
0320137

TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVE
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
1.3 TYPES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
1.5 DISADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
2.0 TECHNICAL DRAWINGS
2.1 PLAN
2.2 ELEVATION
2.3 STRUCTURAL PLAN
2.4 SCHEDULE MODULAR COMPONENT
2.5 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
2.6 ISOMETRIC VIEW
3.0 IBS CONSTRUCTION
3.1 IBS CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES
3.2 IBS CONSTRUCTION METHOD
3.3 IBS CONSTRUCTION ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
4.0 CALCULATION
4.1 IBS SCORE CALCULATION
4.2 IBS SCORE TABLE
5.0 CONCLUSION
6.0 REFERENCES
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVE
This project which is related to the topic of Industrialised Building System (IBS), is carried out in a group of 5-6 members, each group are required to:
1. Design a 3-storey apartment block using mainly IBS components.
2. Construct a physical model of the apartment block to show the IBS components in detail.
This project is carried out in order to:
1. Develop our understanding in different types of IBS construction method.
2. Build up our capability in applying appropriate IBS construction method in the production of a model for an apartment building.
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
The concept of IBS where blocks are divided into a manageable sizes for easier and faster transportation was first introduced by UK in early 1600s. In that period, wood panel transportation was happening from England to North America. One of
the well-known project that used IBS system was the Crystal Palace. It tooks only four months to complete using light structure etc : Glass, wood and steels.
In 1963, Malaysian architects from the Public Works Department(PWD) discovered IBS system in Europe when the Ministry of Housing and Local Government in Europe were focusing on improving house development quality. In that period,
Public Works Department(PWD) sent severals Architects to Germany, Denmark and France for exploring new construction techniques in different countries.
After the successful discover on IBS system, government in Malaysia adopted the concept and apply it into several major projects, but all of the projects shares the same objective which IBS can totally provide, time-saving, affordable and can be
build in substantial quality. There are few well-known structural that makes Malaysia iconic such as the Petronas Twin Tower., which only use 6 years to build up to 88 storeys.
However, IBS system can be apply only on simple designs in the early discoversation on this construction technique,to overcome the issues caused by IBS technology, there a different authorities who’s responsible for implementing strategies and
introducing breakthroughs to improve the performance and quality. In the same time, to reduce uses of foreign labour to avoid overwhelming workforce that take over local industry.
2

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.3 TYPES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
There are generally six main types used in Malaysia to make an employing conventional technology transform to the IBS which is more systematic and mechanized.
1. Precast Concrete Framing
It includes precast concrete walls, slabs, columns, beams, 3D Components such as balconies, staircase, toilets, lift chambers, refuse chamber, lightweight precast concrete, and permanent concrete formworks.
2. Steel Formwork System
The least prefabricated among the IBS. It is made up of tunnel forms, beams and columns moulding forms, and permanent steel formwork. It involves site casting. These products provide a high quality finishes,high quality control and fast
construction with less site labour and demand for materials.
3. Steel Framing System
This system frequently used with precast concrete slabs, steel columns and beams and steel framing systems. Besides, it is popularly used for light steel trusses formed channels and steel portal frame systems as alternatives to the heavier
traditional hot-rolled sections. This system is widely used in fast-track construction of skyscrapers, large factories or exhibition hall that need wide areas.
4. Timber Framing System
It involves prefabricated timber truss, beams, and columns. It is widely used in chalets for resorts based on its high aesthetic values and attractive designs.
5. Blockwork System
This system includes of interlocking of masonry units (CMU) and lightweight concrete blocks. It is mainly used for non-structural walls as an alternative to conventional brick and plaster.
6. Innovative System
This is the latest IBS type which incorporates various “green” elements. Therefore, new materials are being introduced at the fabrication stage such as gypsum, wood wool, polymer, fiberglass and aluminum-based IBS components. For
example, it mixes polystyrene and concrete to produce IBS components of a wall which has better heat insulation properties.
3

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
According to CIDB (2003), the IBS has more advantages compared to conventional construction method:
1. Less construction time.
IBS requires less construction time because casting of precast element at factory and foundation work at site can occur simultaneously and the work at site is only the erection of IBS components.
2. Considerable cost savings.
The formwork of IBS components are made of materials that allows for repetitive use.
3. Saving in labour.
When the IBS components are produced in factory, higher degree of utilisation of machine is permitted and the use of labour will be reduced.
4. Less labour at site.
The use of IBS will reduce the construction process at site and consequently reduce the number of labour required at site.
5. Reduce material wastage.
The utilisation of machine during the production of IBS components lead to higher degree of precision and accuracy in the production.
6. Higher quality and better finishes due to careful selection of materials, use of advanced technology.
Production in factory is under sheltered environment produced better and strict quality assurance control.
7. Faster project completion due to rapid all weather construction.
The effects of weather on construction operation are less due to the fabrication of IBS components is done in factory while at site is only erection of the components.
8. Flexibility.
IBS provides flexibility in the design of precast element so that different systems may produce their own unique prefabrication construction methods.
9. Increase site safety.
Utilisation of IBS components leads to less construction process especially wet work at site. This will lead to the neater site condition and increase safety.
10. Environmental friendly.
The use of IBS will decrease the using of timber formwork on construction projects.
4

1.5 DISADVANTAGES OF INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
1. High initial capital costs
At the initial stage, it involves all costs from the construction of factories, the casting of beds and the acquisition of support machinery.
2. Jointing problems between components
Malaysia is a country with an equatorial climate, often experience heavy rainfall and this may leads the leakage problems. When a leakage manifests, it may other problems such as dampness and corrosion.
3. Site Accessibility
Site facility and accessibility is one of the most important factors in the implementation of the IBS. IBS requires enough access to transport all the components from the factory to the construction sites. If delay due to transportation
process, the installation of the components also will be affected and this result in a delay in the overall construction.
4. Large Working Area
Construction projects involve IBS require large work areas for the plants, trailers, tower cranes and storage for the IBS components. However, most construction sites especially those in cities are often crowded and cannot provide the
required area.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
5

3.1 IBS CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES
Excavate site platform
Piling and set up foundation
Install the hollow core floor slab
Erect the concrete wall
Set-out door and window frame
Erect the roof trusses
Fix roof cladding
Install external windows, plumbing and electrical
Finish internal and external walls
Internal fit out, including services
30

1. Setting out
Set reference line and offset line to ensure the alignment and level of the beam during installation.
2. Lifting and installation
Temporary props are put to support the precast beam elements. Lift and rig elements with the use of
wire ropes then place the precast members to the final position. Concrete beams will have erection
marks painted or stamped on them to show where each beam is to placed.
3. Casting of joints
Place and lap the rebars for components. The formwork for the casting of the joint is set to carry out
the concrete casting. The forms will be removed after sufficient concrete strength has been achieved.
Set reference line
Lift and place the beam to the
final position
Concrete casting
3.1 IBS CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
3.1.1 PRE-CAST CONCRETE SYSTEMS
3.1.1.1 BEAM
1. Casting of concrete shell
Assembly of the mould, mould cleaning and fix of rebars or cast in items for preparation of
concreting.
2. Curing of concrete
After the concrete is placed and compacted, bleeding of water occurs and rises through the
surface of concrete due to the settlement of concrete. Curing to maintain the Demoulding
after curing. Then, a final inspection will take place before transfer to the storage yard.
3. Transport to the site
Beams transported on flat-bed trailers secured to the trailer with the help of latching
chains or belts.
Assembly of mould
Curing
Transporting beam to site
31

4. Setting out
Set reference line and offset line to ensure the alignment and level of the beam or slab during
installation.
Lift the hollow core slab near the end of the slab. Using erection clamp with safety stings for
hollow core slab that is width 4’. Next, put the hollow core slab sling to the adjacent erected slab
and the location of slab joints on the bearing area will be mark. After erected the slab, the worker
will pull the lifting clamps clear of the grout key after the crane are slacked. Therefore, a platform
was formed by hollow core slab.
6. Casting of joints
The formwork for the casting of the joint is set to carry out the concrete casting. Concrete is poured
in the end of the slabs to integrate them with support. The forms will be removed after sufficient
concrete strength has been achieved.
Set reference line
Hollow core slabs are installed on the
beams
Once the installation is completed a 5 cm
screed concrete is poured above the slabs
3.1.1.2 HOLLOW CORE SLAB
Base mould cleaning and prestressing strand hauling and tensioning. Then, start
concreting. Use a clamp-on vibrator to provide good compaction..
surface of concrete due to the settlement of concrete. After curing, the precast elements
will then send to detensioning of strands and transfer to the storage yard.
Transport is done by flat trailers with Hollowcore slabs stacked horizontally supported by
timber planks and well secured to avoid transport damage.
Mould cleaning
Curing
Hollowcore stack together and transport
using flat trailers
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3.1.1.3 COLUMNS
Assembly of the mould, mould cleaning and fix of rebars or cast in items for preparation of
concreting.
surface of concrete due to the settlement of concrete. Curing to maintain the Demoulding
after curing. Then, a final inspection will take place before transfer to the storage yard.
Column transported on flat-bed trailers secured to the trailer with the help of latching
chains or belts. The precast column will be unloaded by mobile crane of adequate capacity
at the site.
4. Setting out
Column shall be provided with 1 anchor on hole on top for handling and for erection.
The column tilted with crane and lifted vertically in order to bring it to its exact location onto the footing.
Aligned the column at tail end to match the axis. Wooden wedges fixed at the sides between the face of
the neck column and the inner face of the footing to keep the column in place.
6. Grouting
The bottom of the column grouted in the footing.
Hole on top of the column
Aligned the column at tail
end
Wooden wedges to keep
the column in place
Pouring the concrete for grouting
Check the squareness of the mould form
Curing
Unload columns by mobile crane
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3.1.1.4 WALLS
Base mould cleaning and prestressing strand hauling and tensioning. Then, start
concreting. Use a clamp-on vibrator to provide good compaction.
After the concrete is placed and compacted, bleeding of water occurs and rises through
the surface of concrete due to the settlement of concrete.After curing, the precast
elements will then send to detensioning of strands and transfer to the storage yard.
Wall panel transported using A-Frame type trailer in upright position.
4. Setting Out
Set reference line and offset line to determine the position of the precast elements to be installed.
Level pads are used to set the level of the elements. The compressible form or backer rod will be
fixed on the outer perimeters of the precast wall.
Lift and rig the panel to its location with wire ropes then install and secure it with diagonal
props.
Set reference line Set the level pads in position using
non-shrink mortal
Fix the backer rod on the outer
wall
Hoisting the precast
elements
Adjust the panel to position
and secure it
Prestressing strand hauling and
tensioning
Curing
Wall panel on the way to site
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3.1.1.4 WALLS
6. Grouting work
Apply non-shrink mortar to seal the gaps along the bottom edge of the inner side of the panel. For corrugated pipe
sleeve or splice sleeve connection, non-shrink or proprietary grout are poured into pipe inlets provided. Keep the
installed panels undisturbed for at least 24 hours.
7. Joint casting and sealing
Joint rebars are installed for panels with cast in-situ joints. The concrete casting start carries out. Forms remove after
sufficient concrete strength has been achieved. Sealant and grout will be installed for joints between facade walls or
between external columns with beams or walls elements. Place the connection plate and welded the connection.
Sealing the gap Pour grout into pipe
inlets
Consistent joint gap to for proper
sealant or grout installation
Sealant application
Backer rod
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4. Lifting
After the preparation of installation is done, the crane lift up the precast concrete stairs to specific
level.
5. Installation
The staircase is connected to the floor and secured. Steel brackets are bolted to the foundation using
concrete anchors. These will be used to catch the legs at the back of the stairs.
3.1.1.5 STAIRS
1. Formwork
The staircase mould is guarded by two timber frames. Rebar is placed into the mould
before pouring concrete.
Concrete are then poured into the mould and shape. After the concrete is dry and ready to
transport to the site.
3. Transportation
The staircases are transported to the site to prepare for installation.
Formwork of staircase is done
using timber boards.
Rebars are placed
Curing of concrete
Preparation Lifting
Installation into location Installation into location
Transportation of the staircase to site
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4. Completing the unit
After the waterproofing system is applied to the wall and floor, tiling and finishes are installed. Fittings of
sanitary wares, such as basin and water closet are installed.
The completed units are transport to the site with trailer truck.
6. Hoisting and Installation
After the units are delivered to the site, they are hoisted. After the preparation of receiving the units are done,
the units are to be hoisted into the location. Final adjustments are carried out and the installation are
completed.
3.1.1.6 FULLY PRECAST CONCRETE VOLUMETRIC PREFABRICATED BATHROOM UNIT (PBU)
The casting of concrete shell is installed in order to carry out the curing of the concrete.
2. Curing of concrete and storage
After the concrete shell are casted, the curing of concrete is carried out and stored.
3. Application of waterproofing system
The application of waterproofing system to the walls and the floor is carried out. Before the
finishes of the walls and floor are installed, water ponding test is done.
Casting of concrete shell
Curing of concrete and storage
Application of waterproofing system
Tiling and
installation of finishes
Prepare to receive PBUs Hoisting PBUs into location Final adjustment
PBUs delivered to site
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3.1.2 TIMBER FRAMING SYSTEMS
3.1.2..1 PREFABRICATED WINDOWS AND DOOR FRAME
1. Manufacture and Milling
The lumber will be machined to begin shaping the various components of the door/
window frame after selection.
.
2. Assembly
Assembly all the components of the door/ window frame.
The door/ window frame will transport to site by trailer.
4. Installing
Align the door/ window frame or sub-frame against the setting outlines. Secure the frame
temporarily using timber wedges. After verifying the alignment of the frame, fasten the frame in
position.
5. Grouting
Grout the gap between the wall and door/ window frame. Then apply bonding agent evenly over the
main frame and install onto sub-frame. Secure the frames with wave nails.
6. Installing door panel/ window and architrave
Install door panel or window. Lockset is install for door panel. Bonding agent is apply to install the
architrave.
Fasten the frame in position
Apply bonding agent
Manufacturing
Assembly
Putting frames onto truck before
send to site Installing architrave
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3.1.2..2 PREFABRICATED TIMBER ROOF TRUSS
1. Manufacture
After the process of design, the pieces have been cut and arranged using template. Then,
the identical truss plates are placed on opposing faces at the joints.
2. Pressing
The truss plated pressed into the lumber using hydraulic presses or rollers. After
completed, the trusses are checked for plate tooth penetration before store.
Brought to the construction site by big truck for installation.
4. Installation
Groups of trusses assembled in the ground and lifted together into their final position.
5. Bracing
Permanent bracing to provide lateral support to compression web and chord members and prevents
overall lateral displacement of the roof assembly.
Lifting the truss to its position
Bracing trusses
Assemble the truss
Pressing
Roof trusses strapped up and
transporting to the site
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3.2.1 FOUNDATION
1. Excavation is done according to plan drawing
detail. The placement of footing is crucial in
precast construction. A layer of lean concrete is
poured into the excavated plot.
2. Formwork is built. Spacer are added before the
reinforcement is constructed. Reinforcement main
and transverse rebar are laid then reinforcement
for stump is erected and more ties is added to the
formwork.
3. Concrete is poured into the cast. When the
concrete gain sufficient strength, formwork is
dismantled.
4. For column stump, formwork is built and step 3
are repeated.
Column
Column stirrups
Footing
Footing’s neck
Stirrups in the joint area
Reinforcement bar
Hook Spacer for securing
the cover depth
Footing
Column
1270 12/100
300 12/100
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3.2.2 FOUNDATION TO COLUMN CONNECTION
ANCHOR BOLT CONNECTION
The method of connection to the foundation and to the column is via a base plate connected to the
column that are subsequently filled with grout.
Column to foundation connections has threaded rods joined with a bolt connector and concrete
cast round to the dimensions of the cross-section of the column.
Fixing concrete columns by connecting embedded parts of columns (“shoes”) with foundation
anchor bolts shown in diagram 3.2.2
Foundation anchor bolt
Column base steel plate connector Example of a foundation to column connector
Erected column with connector
Diagram 3.2.2 Foundation to column connection
(Source from http://oberbeton.ua/en/project-department)
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3.2.3 BEAM TO COLUMN CONNECTION
The I beams are made of high-performance concrete pre-cast into multi-section metal formworks, vibrated at high frequency and quickly cured by an appropriate thermal cycle. Concerning pre-stressed beams, the prestressing process is
performed by stretching each single-strand and then anchoring the latter on the stretching heads. When the necessary concrete resistance is achieved, strands are released and then cut. The whole production cycle is complete within one
day. Post-stressed beams or sliding-cables beams, before casting concrete into the formworks, standard reinforcement and sheaths is arrange.
These latter serve as accommodation for pre-stressing cables which carry special anchorages at their edges. The concrete is compacted by high frequency vibration. Once also the curing process is complete, the cables are inserted into
the sheaths and the stressing is performed by specific stressing machinery.
Precast I beams have length of 500mm, height from 610mm, casting thickness from 170 mm; prestressing up to 1.800 ton. The beams when assembled can be positioned side by side or spaced. They are joined together by an on-site
additional casting forming a slab to better distributes loads crosswise. The beams are set on bearing pads on column corbels. Steel angles are welded to metal plate cast into the beam and columns and the joint is grouted solid
Mesh &
Reinforcing bar
Hollow core
slab
Concrete I Beam
Column
Metal plate connector
bolt & welded
Reinforcing
bar
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3.2.4 COLUMN TO COLUMN CONNECTION
Precast concrete columns are connected together through bolting, the top of a
lower-floor column contains threaded bolts projecting out, while the bottom of an
upper-floor column has an embedded base plate containing holes to engage the
bolts. The block-outs in the column above the holes are grouted after the
connection has been made to protect it from corrosion.
The entire joint
are dry-packed
with grout after
alignment.
GroutedAssembledBefore Assemble
43

3.2.5 SLAB TO BEAM CONNECTION
Grout
Untopped Hollow Core Slab
Welded Angle Connector
Bearing Pad
Grouted reinforcing bar
Ties between slab
Connections between hollow-core slabs and supporting members are made using
site-cast concrete fill and reinforcing steel. In addition to the concrete fill used for
connections, a site-cast concrete topping is used over the slabs.
The hollow core keyways can be
grouted at the same time as the
columns and beams when using
a grouting bucket.
This method can also avoid
the use of a concrete pump
truck.
The grout will only go inside the
hollow core slabs a few centimeters.
The hollow core slabs are provided
with plugs at the end of the cores to
prevent grout from flowing inside.
Hollow core slabs are set on bearing pads on
precast I beam. Steel reinforcing bars are inserted
into slab keyways to span the joint then grouted
solid. Precast hollow core slabs connected at their
ends to a “I” precast beam by steel ties.
Grouting
The topping provides structural integration of slab units and increases the floor’s
fire resistance and sound insulation. It also functions as a leveling bed, particularly
with units with uneven camber. Topping, used is about 2 inches thick and
reinforced with welded wire reinforcement
3.2.6 SLAB TO SLAB CONNECTION
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3.2.5 WALL TO SLAB CONNECTION
Bolted Connections
Bolted connections simplify and speed-up the erection operation, because the connection is positive immediately. Final alignment and adjustment can be made
later without tying up crane time. Bolting is in accordance with the erection drawings.
Welded Connections
Welded connections is used in the erection of precast concrete. These connections are structurally efficient and adjust easily to varying field conditions. The
connections are made by placing a loose plate between two structural steel plates that are embedded both in the cast-in-place or the precast concrete panel
and welded together. Welded connections is installed exactly as shown on the erection drawings and details.
Precast panels are connected to each others or to floor and roof elements by using metal plates and angels, they are fastened by welding or bolting. Connections may be projected or recessed to provide flush finishing
surface.
Temporary bracing for tilt-up panels
For the bracing and quick, secure adjustment of precast concrete elements and wall and column formwork. Each element must be supported by at least two push-pull props.
Panel to panel connection
Solid steel square bar shaft with one or
more steel helical plates welded onto
the shaft at predetermined spacing
The panel erection crew using pry bars
to position the panel into the proper
location on the footing.
The panel erection crew using an
extendable level to check plumb of the
wall panel
Erected wall panels braced to the slab
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3.3 IBS CONSTRUCTION ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
3.3.1.1 ADVANTAGES:
1. Precasting is great for producing large numbers of identical components.
2. The construction is done on the ground rather than at a height.
3. It can be done inside a climate-controlled structure, eliminating problems of rain, dust, cold, or heat.
4. Specialised formwork (moulds) can be built for doing many repetitions of the same component. Specialised equipment can be used to make, move, and pour the liquid concrete.
5. Curing of the concrete can be done in a controlled environment.
6. The quality of precast components can be very high.
7. Construction can be very quick since the components can be made beforehand.
3.3.1.2 DISADVANTAGES:
1. Since each piece is made separately, the structural frame or system is not monolithic or continuous like regular concrete construction. The joints between pieces create structural discontinuity. The forces of the building
will pass through these joints, so they have to be designed to transfer these forces safely and properly. Note that precast concrete can be used for non-structural members too.
2. As the building is made of discrete components, the joints between adjacent members have to be sealed with special sealants to make them waterproof.
3. Each precast component is usually large and heavy. This means that cranes are required to lift them in position; these cranes are required to operate over the entire building volume. Since there will only be a few cranes at
site, the time taken by the cranes to pick up a piece and shift it to its final position becomes critical in determining the building schedule.
3.3.2.1 ADVANTAGES:
1. It is light, and allows quick construction with no heavy tools or equipment. Every component can easily be carried by hand - a house essentially becomes a large carpentry job. The main tool is a handheld nail gun.
2. It is able to adapt itself to any geometric shape, and can be clad with a variety of materials.
3. There are a huge variety of products and systems tailored to this type of construction.
4. Timber framed construction allows for the use of semi skilled labour for the manufacture in factory controlled conditions.
5. Rapid completion on site is easily achieved with less wet trades involved.
6. The occupier of a timber framed dwelling benefits from the higher insulation which can easily be achieved. The use of low thermal capacity linings absorbs less heat than masonry walls making it is easier to reach the
required comfort temperature more quickly.
3.3.2.2 DISADVANTAGES:
1. It is not highly fireproof, as it is made of wood.
2. It is not strong enough to resist major wind events such as tornadoes and hurricanes.
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4.0 CALCULATION
4.1 IBS SCORE CALCULATION
1. Construction area
i. Construction area ground floor = 303.2m²
ii. Construction area 1st floor = 303.2m²
iii. Construction area 2nd floor = 303.2m²
iv. Roof Area = 303.2m²
Total construction area = 1212.8m²
2. Structural Systems
i. Beams : Precast concrete beams
ii. Columns : Precast concrete columns
iii. Floor Slab : Precast hollow core floor slab
iv. Roof truss : Prefabricated timber roof truss
3. Wall System
i. Internal wall : Precast concrete panel wall
ii. External wall : Precast concrete panel wall
4. Other simplified construction solutions
i. Beams : 41% complies to MS 1064 Part 10: 2001
Columns : 100% complies to MS 1064 Part 10: 2001
Walls : 100% complies to MS 1064 Part 10: 2001
Slabs : 27% complies to MS 1064 Part 10: 2001
Doors : 86% complies to MS 1064 Part 4: 2001
Windows : 100% complies to MS 1064 Part 5: 2001
ii. Repetition of floor to floor height : 100%
Vertical repetition of structural floor layout : 100%
Horizontal repetition of structural floor layout : 100%
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4.0 CALCULATION
4.2 IBS SCORE TABLE
ELEMENTS AREA (m²) FACTOR COVERAGE IBS SCORE
PART I : STRUCTURE ELEMENTS
1. Pre-Cast construction system (Precast Beam/Column/Hollow Core Slab)
2. - Area of construction for all three floors of the apartment
2. Pre-fab Timber Roof Trusses
3. - Area of construction of roof area
TOTAL PART I
909.6m²
303.2m²
1212.8m²
1.0
1.0
909.6/1212.8 = 0.75
303.2/1212.8 = 0.25
1.0
0.75 x 1.0 x 50 = 37.5
0.25 x 1.0 x 50 = 12.5
50
PART II : WALL ELEMENTS
1. Pre-Cast External Wall
2. - Area of external precast wall panel
2. Pre-Cast Internal Wall
3. - Area of internal precast wall panel
TOTAL PART II
210.2m
287.4m
497.9m
1.0
1.0
214.2/497.9 = 0.43
287.4/497.9 = 0.57
1.0
0.43 x1.0 x 20 = 8.6
0.57 x 1.0 x 20 = 11.4
20
PART III : OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
1. Column Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 10
2. Beam Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 10
3. Slab Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 10
4. Wall Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 10
5. Door Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 4
6. Window Sizes Based on MS 1064 Part 5
7. Repetition of Floor to Floor Height
8. Repetition of Vertical Structural Floor Layout
9. Repetition of Horizontal Structural Floor Layout
TOTAL PART III
100%
41%
27%
51%
86%
100%
100%
100%
100%
4
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
2
24
IBS CONTENTS SCORE OF PROJECT (PART I + PART II + PART III) 94
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5.0 CONCLUSION
In this project, we were able to identify and collected relevant research data relating to Industrialised building system (IBS) construction. For project 1, we were required to do a thorough report on the construction process using IBS
and develops our knowledge in the different varieties of IBS available in the current market. A set of architectural and documentation of an apartment is clearly explained in the report where IBS is used. By constructing an
apartment, with most of its materials prefabricated, we demonstrated our comprehensive understanding on IBS through model making that includes the related basic structural elements and structural documentation. It also enable
us to access and understand the method of calculating IBS score.
Through this module, we have understand and incorporate Industrialized building systems in our building where we learn that IBS requires less construction time because casting of precast element at factory and foundation work at
site can occur simultaneously and the work at site is only the erection of IBS components. This leads to earlier completion of the building. Less labour on site due to precast component done off site will reduce the construction
process on site and consequently reduce the number of labour required at site dramatically. We were able to fully optimised the use of material due to the utilisation of machine during the production of IBS components and
ultimately lead to a higher degree of precision and accuracy in the production and consequently reduce material wastage thus offer a much higher quality and better finishes. Other than that, the formwork of IBS components are
made of steel, aluminium or other materials that allows for repetitive use and this leads to considerable cost savings.
In conclusion, IBS construction is an efficient and cost effective construction system.
51

6.0 REFERENCES
MS 1064 part 10 (reinforced concrete)
1. http://stg.jsm.gov.my/documents/372014/372056/MS+1064+PART+10+2001-GUIDE+TO+MODULAR+COORDINATION+IN+BUILDINGS+PART+10+COORDINATING+SIZES+AND+PREFERRED+SIZES+FOR+REINFORCED+CONCRETE+COMPONENTS-7098
79.pdf/14adcf78-0d9a-434a-a797-d78a3faf4dab?version=1.0&previewFileIndex=
MS 1064 part 5 (windows)
2. http://stg.jsm.gov.my/documents/372014/372056/MS+1064+PART+52001+(CONFIRMED2009)%20GUIDE+TO+MODULAR+COORDINATION+IN+BUILDINGS++PART+5++COORDINATING+SIZES+AND+PREFERRED+SIZES+FOR+WINDOWSETS-709918.
pdf/15383f8e-2f33-427f-a42e-b00111b35ec9?version=1.0&previewFileIndex=
MS part 4 (doors)
3. http://stg.jsm.gov.my/documents/372014/372056/MS+1508++2000+SPECIFICATION+FOR+WOODEN+DOOR+FRAME-660588.pdf/db61fd1c-99fc-4bb1-a6af-2dff774af807?version=1.0&previewFileIndex=
MS 544 part 8(truss connection)
4. http://www.jsm.gov.my/documents/10180/470457/3+DMS+544+Part+8_Clause+11+to+13.pdf/3881b8c9-a7bf-4c3d-a9d9-f57458d643a8
MS 544 part 3
5. https://www.slideshare.net/norlatifahcheawang/ms-544-part32001permissible-stress-design-of-glued-laminated-timber
6. https://www.slideshare.net/norlatifahcheawang/ms-544-part32001permissible-stress-design-of-glued-laminated-timber
7. http://www.workspacetraining.com.au/timberplustoolbox/toolbox13_05/unit8_laying_up_roof_trusses/section1_principles/lesson6_nail_plates.htm
8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275628961_Numerical_Investigation_on_Roof_Truss_with_Cold-formed_Steel_Sections
9. https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2014/01/matecconf_bust2013_01002.pdf
10. http://www.midf.com.my/images/Downloads/Research/EqStrategy/SpecialReports/Construction-IBS_MIDF_140214.pdf
11. http://eprints.utm.my/11242/1/AhmadRazinZainalMFKA2007.pdf
12. https://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/Timber-frame-buildings-a-guide-to-the-construction-process_D496.pdf/$file/Timber-frame-buildings-a-guide-to-the-construction-process_D496.pdf
13. http://mummyku.weebly.com/uploads/5/2/5/4/52547687/ibs_topic_1.pdf
14. https://www.slideshare.net/faizalkottiyam/prefabricated-structures-32925185
15. http://www.understandconstruction.com/precast-concrete-construction.html
16. https://www.bca.gov.sg/Professionals/IQUAS/others/precastinstallation.pdf
17. http://www.woodspec.ie/media/woodspec/content/Woodspec%20Final%20-%20Section%20B.pdf
18. https://www.huduser.gov/portal/publications/residential.pdf
19. https://bwk.kuleuven.be/mat/publications/masterthesis/2008-magnus-msc.pdf
20. http://orakprecast.com/4900.html
21. https://www.bca.gov.sg/Publications/BuildabilitySeries/others/prefab_bathroom_unit.pdf
22. https://www.qualityengineersguide.com/method-statement-for-pre-cast-boundary-wall-works
23. https://www.bca.gov.sg/Professionals/IQUAS/others/precastfabrication.pdf
24. https://theconstructor.org/concrete/concrete-curing-time-duration/11119/
25. http://www.gulfprecast.ae/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Gulf-Precast-Hollowcore-brochure.pdf
26. http://www.canadawood.cn/downloads/pdf/trusses/trusses_english.pdf
27. https://www.bca.gov.sg/Professionals/IQUAS/others/doorinstallation.pdf
28. http://eprints.utm.my/11242/1/AhmadRazinZainalMFKA2007.pdff
29. http://www.aaddesign.com.au/images/FAQS/ConstructionSequencing.pdf
53

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