Social perception involves forming impressions of others based on available information such as physical appearance and verbal and non-verbal cues. Self-concept refers to how people judge and perceive themselves, which can be influenced by factors like parents, friends, and media. Attitudes are tendencies to evaluate people, objects, or ideas positively or negatively, and involve affective, behavioral, and cognitive components. The attribution process helps explain the causes of behaviors, which can be internal factors like work ethic or external factors like luck. Schemas are cognitive frameworks that help people understand the world, and can be adjusted through assimilation of new information into existing ideas or accommodation which replaces old ideas with new information.

1. 5 Concept of psychology
 Social perception
The meaning of social perception is forming an impression of others based on
available information, for example physical appearance, and verbal and non-
verbal communication. Verbal communication is example of communicating
normally, like talking. For non-verbal communication are hand gesture, body
position and communication without words. Some example of social perception
in real life situation are when a person approach you in a good manners, you
will assume that the person is a well behaved person from the information you
have gather about the person. So the conclusion is, Social perception is when a
person judges the other person from their appearance and also behavior when
they first encounter.
 Self Concept
The meaning of self concept is used to refer to how they judge their selves, how
they evaluates themselves or perceives themselves. For example when a person
change their impression of themselves, a person self image is affected by many
factors such as parental influences, friends, and also the media. It causes a
person to gain confidence or even loses their confidence. And also to find out
about their self image, for example their physical description, social roles,
personal traits and also existential statements. Young people describe
themselves more in terms of personal traits, about how they behave, for
example, ‘I’m impulsive, I’m generous, I tend to worry a lot, and so on.
 Attitude
Attitude refers to a tendency to evaluate a person, an object or idea with some
degree of approval or disapproval. An evaluation of a specific stimulus with parts
divides into affective component, behavioral component, cognitive component.
An affective components refers to an emotional reaction one has toward an
attitude object, For example Ryan experience fear and anxiety when he saw a
cockroach. And next is behavioral component, it refers how someone behave
when exposed to an attitude object, looking back at how Ryan have an affective
component of his attitude toward cockroach Ryan will behave defensively and
avoid the cockroach or even kill it. And last of all is Cognitive component, it
means how a person though about a certain object, for example Ryan think that
cockroaches is extremely gross and contagious.
 The Attribution Process
Theories of attribution focus on the method we use to interpret another person’s
behavior and infer its sources. So what is the attribution process? It helps to
explain the cause and effect of behaviors. They are two Attribution process, one
is internal cause and external causes. Internal causes are those factors that are
attributed to the person being observed. Internal causes are usually controllable.
For example your classmates receive a good compliment from the lecturers. You
believe the reason for her promotion was his hard work, dedication. For external
cause, External cause is usually not controllable, Such as luck. For example lets

2. say your lecture compliment your classmates for his work. You believe he
received his compliment from the lecturer because the lecturer is his father. So
you will think that he receive compliment because the lecturer is you classmates
father.
 Schemas
Schemas I a Cognitive frameworks that help us guide the way we think about the
world and also to understand the world around us. It can exist for people, places,
events or other stimuli. Assimilation, as in adaption process proposed by Jean
Piaget. Through assimilation, we absorb new information that we just obtain or
experience, and put it in to our existing ideas. For example when a person when
you first encounter a person, and that person is very kind and sweet, and one day
you witness the girl abusing animal, when you saw this process it might change
your impression about her. And this process is call accommodation, in which our
old ideas are changed or even replaced based on new information.