2. What is a door?
• a door is an opening in a wall that serves as
connecting link between the various internal
portions of building.
• a door is used to close off rooms but being
able to access them by turning the door knob
and opening it.
3. What is a Window?
• A window is an opening in a wall or roof to
allow light and air into the house.
4. Location of doors and windows
• The no of doors in a room should be kept minimum
since larger no of doors cause obstruction and
consume more area in circulation.
• It should not be located in the centre of the wall. It
should preferably located near the corner of room.
nearly 20cm away from the corner.
• If there are two doors in a room the door should
preferably be located in opposite walls, facing each
other, so as to provide good ventilation, and free
circulation of air in rooms.
5. • A window should be located in opposite wall, facing
a door or another window so that cross ventilation is
achieved.
• From the point of view of fresh air, window should
be located on northern side of room.
• The location of window should also meet the
functional requirements, i.e. interior decoration.
• The sill of a window should be located about 70 to
80cm about floor level of the room.
9. • Top rail
• Lock rail
• Bottom rail
• Intermediate / cross rail
• Panel
• Mullion
• Transom
• Hold fasts
• Jambs
• Reveal : is external jamb of door or window opening at right
angles to wall face.
• Rebate : is depression made inside door frame, to receive door
shutter.
10.
11. Size of doors
• Width = Two person should pass shoulder to shoulder.
• Height = Should not be less than 1.8 m to 2 m.
• Residential buildings:
• External……..(1mX2m) to (1.1mX2m)
• Internal………(0.9mX2m) to (1mX2m)
• Bathrooms….(0.7mX2m) to (0.8mX2m)
• Garages………. (2.25mX2.25m) to (2.40mX2.25m)
– Public buildings:
• 1.2m X 2m 1.2m X 2.1m 1.2m X 2.25 m
12. Door frames
It is assembly of horizontal and vertical members forming
an enclosure to which door shutters are fixed.
Vertical member – Jambs or posts
Horizontal top member – Head
Material : Door frames – 1. Timber 2. Steel section
3. Aluminum sections
Fixing Of Door Frame
13. Types of doors
• Classification on the basis of arrangement of
components
– Battened & ledged doors
– Battened, ledged & braced doors
– Battened, ledged & framed doors
– Battened, ledged, braced & framed doors
14. • Classification on the basis of method or manner of
construction
• Framed & paneled doors
• Glazed or sash doors
• Flush doors
• Louvered doors/ VENETIAN doors
• Wire gauged doors
• Classification on the basis of working operations
• Revolving doors
• Sliding doors
• Swing doors
• Collapsible steel doors
• Rolling steel shutter doors
• Metal doors
24. Windows
• Purpose
– Admits light
– Provides fresh air and ventilation
– Adds detail, balance, interest
– Visually enlarges interior space
25. Selection of window
• Size of room
• Location of room
• Utility of room
• Direction of wall
• Direction of wind
• Climatic conditions
• Requirements of exterior view
• Architectural treatment
26. Based on above factors, the thumb rule follows :
• Breadth of window=1/8(width of room +
height of room)
• Total area of window opening- vary from 10-
20% of floor area
• The area should be at least 1 M2 for every 30-
40 M3 of inside content of room.
• In public building – min area -20% of floor
area
• For sufficient natural light, area of glazed
panels – 8-10% of floor area
27. Types of Windows
• Fixed
• Pivoted
• Double hung
• Sliding
• Louvered
• Casement
• Sash
• Metal
• Bay
• Clerestory
• Corner
• Dormer
• Gable
• Lantern
• Skylights
• Ventilators
• Combined windows &
ventilators
36. Bay Window
– Fixed or casement
– Project from structure.
• A bay window is usually
a big window that
comes out from the
house. They also have
side windows on the
side.