The document provides information on connecting to the internet and using the world wide web. It discusses the minimum requirements for an internet connection including a computer, modem, telephone line, web browser, and internet service provider. It describes different connection types such as dial-up, broadband, DSL, and wireless. Steps are provided for connecting and disconnecting a computer using a dial-up connection. The document introduces the world wide web as a vast collection of websites and web pages linked by hyperlinks. It explains how to search the web using search engines like Google and describes techniques for effective searching using keywords, boolean operators, and other methods.
1) The document introduces computers and their components, including input/output devices, the system unit, storage, and communications devices.
2) It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using computers and defines key terms like digital literacy and the information processing cycle.
3) Networks and the internet are introduced, including how they connect computers and allow sharing of resources. The functions of servers and how the world wide web works are also summarized.
Skype is a program that allows users to make voice and video calls over the internet using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology. It operates on a peer-to-peer model to connect users' devices for free calls between Skype users, or low-cost calls to phones. With over 250 million worldwide accounts, Skype offers features like voicemail and call forwarding and is popular for students, faculty, and staff to connect outside their local dialing areas for free or low cost. Setting up and using Skype involves downloading the program, creating an account, optionally purchasing a calling plan, finding contacts, and making calls.
Blackberry technology allows users to access email, phone calls, text messages and internet on mobile devices. It uses a proprietary operating system and works with a Blackberry Enterprise Server to synchronize data between a company's email server and Blackberry devices. Some key features of Blackberry technology include push email, integrated messaging applications, and security features that have made it popular for business use.
This presentation looks at many of the main features of IPv6 and how IPv6 differs with IPv4. It is a good starter for people not knowing about IPv6 and was presented at ICCA 2012 in Pondicherry, India on 31st January 2012.
Many thanks to Dr. Alaa Al Din Al Radhi for many of the visuals used in this slide deck.
The document discusses Blackberry technology, including its history and how it works. Blackberry devices integrate with email servers through Blackberry Enterprise Server software. Messages are pushed to Blackberry devices via the Internet and mobile networks. Blackberry provides advantages like email access, phone calls, Internet browsing, organizer functions, and instant messaging. It allows wireless access to Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Domino, and Novell GroupWise email.
This document discusses the benefits and security features of the Blackberry mobile device and enterprise solution. It summarizes that Blackberry provides push email, messaging, and internet access to users through an encrypted connection to the Blackberry Enterprise Server. The server relays messages to and from the user's mobile device, allowing them to always have up-to-date access to work emails and contacts even without wireless service. The document highlights that Blackberry uses AES or Triple DES encryption between the server and device to securely transmit data at all times.
The document discusses various aspects of the Internet and World Wide Web. It begins with a brief history, describing the origins of the Internet as a US military networking project and its subsequent growth. It then covers topics like how to connect to the Internet, the development and functions of the World Wide Web, e-mail, and other online communication tools. The document provides definitions and explanations of key terms to build understanding of the capabilities and services available on the Internet.
Detailed info about the Blackberry 10 Os protection and security details the developers follow to make the Operating system better to handle without the hacking tools to make a wrong track out of it
1) The document introduces computers and their components, including input/output devices, the system unit, storage, and communications devices.
2) It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using computers and defines key terms like digital literacy and the information processing cycle.
3) Networks and the internet are introduced, including how they connect computers and allow sharing of resources. The functions of servers and how the world wide web works are also summarized.
Skype is a program that allows users to make voice and video calls over the internet using Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology. It operates on a peer-to-peer model to connect users' devices for free calls between Skype users, or low-cost calls to phones. With over 250 million worldwide accounts, Skype offers features like voicemail and call forwarding and is popular for students, faculty, and staff to connect outside their local dialing areas for free or low cost. Setting up and using Skype involves downloading the program, creating an account, optionally purchasing a calling plan, finding contacts, and making calls.
Blackberry technology allows users to access email, phone calls, text messages and internet on mobile devices. It uses a proprietary operating system and works with a Blackberry Enterprise Server to synchronize data between a company's email server and Blackberry devices. Some key features of Blackberry technology include push email, integrated messaging applications, and security features that have made it popular for business use.
This presentation looks at many of the main features of IPv6 and how IPv6 differs with IPv4. It is a good starter for people not knowing about IPv6 and was presented at ICCA 2012 in Pondicherry, India on 31st January 2012.
Many thanks to Dr. Alaa Al Din Al Radhi for many of the visuals used in this slide deck.
The document discusses Blackberry technology, including its history and how it works. Blackberry devices integrate with email servers through Blackberry Enterprise Server software. Messages are pushed to Blackberry devices via the Internet and mobile networks. Blackberry provides advantages like email access, phone calls, Internet browsing, organizer functions, and instant messaging. It allows wireless access to Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Domino, and Novell GroupWise email.
This document discusses the benefits and security features of the Blackberry mobile device and enterprise solution. It summarizes that Blackberry provides push email, messaging, and internet access to users through an encrypted connection to the Blackberry Enterprise Server. The server relays messages to and from the user's mobile device, allowing them to always have up-to-date access to work emails and contacts even without wireless service. The document highlights that Blackberry uses AES or Triple DES encryption between the server and device to securely transmit data at all times.
The document discusses various aspects of the Internet and World Wide Web. It begins with a brief history, describing the origins of the Internet as a US military networking project and its subsequent growth. It then covers topics like how to connect to the Internet, the development and functions of the World Wide Web, e-mail, and other online communication tools. The document provides definitions and explanations of key terms to build understanding of the capabilities and services available on the Internet.
Detailed info about the Blackberry 10 Os protection and security details the developers follow to make the Operating system better to handle without the hacking tools to make a wrong track out of it
The document discusses the Blackberry smartphone and its key features. It provides information on the phone's email, text messaging, instant messaging, social networking, media, GPS, camera, and business communication capabilities. The document also discusses how Blackberry has helped make communication easier and faster than previous technologies, and predicts that Blackberry and other smartphones will continue to evolve and be used widely for both personal and business communication globally.
This is basically android app presentation on Bluetooth chat which i made for my academic purpose after that i think it is interesting and will be beneficial for others so i uploaded here. Please like my presentation if you r satisfied..... and give me your reviews.....
BlackBerry is a personal communications device developed by Research in Motion that provides email, text, web browsing and phone services. It allows wireless access and synchronization to Outlook email, contacts and calendar. Emails are pushed to the BlackBerry from the server as they arrive through an internet connection, and changes made on the device are pushed back to Outlook. BlackBerry devices are integrated with email systems through the BlackBerry Enterprise Server software.
Blackberry technology was first introduced in 1997 by RIM. The first Blackberry phone, the RIM 950, was released in 1998. Blackberry uses an integrated system including devices, servers, software and services to provide push email, messaging and corporate data access to users. It utilizes a unique PIN identification and strict security measures, making it popular for enterprise use.
ppt on blackberry os 10 , this ppt consisit of information about blackberry Operating system 10's memory management , process management , advantages , dis-advantages , features ,etc.
CALSAE presentation on Mobile Technologylindachreno
This document discusses how mobile technology is impacting association communities. It defines mobile technology and lists ways to identify members' use of mobile technology such as asking what type of phone they have or monitoring where replies come from. The document outlines programs like Skype, iTranslate and Dropbox that can enhance member engagement on mobile devices. It also lists some other engagement ideas and notes drawbacks of mobile use such as not all members having the same technology or allowed workplace use. The document provides contact information for Linda Chreno, the author.
Blackberry OS was initially developed by RIM and launched in 2002. It supported push email and other wireless services on early Blackberry devices with physical keyboards. The OS provided multitasking capabilities and allowed synchronization with email servers and calendars. More recent versions of the Blackberry OS include features like Blackberry Blend, BBM meetings, and the Blackberry Hub.
BlackBerry 10 is a proprietary mobile operating system developed by BlackBerry Limited for BlackBerry smartphones. It is based on QNX, a Unix-like operating system. BlackBerry 10 allows for multitasking and uses a microkernel architecture, keeping less code in the kernel to improve security. BlackBerry 10 separates personal and business data into different memory partitions with password protection to safeguard business information.
iMediaShare integrates smartphones with internet-enabled TVs and game consoles, PS3 and Xbox included, making it possible to browse and play the phone media content from other devices.
1. MacBook computers are designed for easy access to files and applications by all users through features like the dock and finder.
2. The document discusses identifying the various components of a MacBook, such as applications and the system preferences panel, to maximize its potential.
3. It provides guidance on connecting MacBooks to peripherals, networks, and wireless connections through the built-in ports using the appropriate cables, adapters, and software.
Online social networks are becoming more voice-enabled as spoken communication is natural for humans and calls are increasingly triggered by online activities. To be successful, voice features should be integrated seamlessly into existing social networks and minimize disruptions to users' online experiences, for example by using notifications instead of interrupting calls. Monetization strategies like advertising, subscriptions, and competitive differentiation can motivate social networks to adopt voice capabilities across multiple platforms.
WhatsApp is a cross-platform messaging app that allows users to send text, images, video and audio between smartphones. It uses an encrypted protocol and supports Android, iOS, Blackberry and other platforms. Testing covers functionality across devices, security, performance under different conditions, installation and compatibility with platforms and multimedia formats. Basic tests include boundary value analysis of trial periods, and ensuring core chat functions work as expected.
This document discusses several common internet technologies including podcasts, which allow users to subscribe to automatically updated audio and video files; discussion boards, which are online forums for conversation; SMS, which allows short text messages between mobile devices; blogs, which are personal online journals; the iPhone, which is a multimedia smartphone made by Apple; and Pre, which aggregates calendar and contact information and notifications in one place.
Irv Shapario's Boaz Zilberman's presentation at eComm 2008eComm2008
Phone mashups integrate telephony and web functionality by combining data from the web with access from any telephone. This bridges the gap between a user's desire to access information online and the accessibility of that information over the phone. Phone mashups allow users to dial a number and get geotagged information spoken to them, like directions from one location to another. Ifbyphone provides APIs and services to enable developers to create such phone mashups through voice forms, call routing, and other telephony features while keeping costs low through open source technologies and VOIP.
WhatsApp Messenger is an instant messaging app that operates under a subscription model and allows users to send messages, images, videos and audio across platforms. WhatsApp was founded in 2009 and acquired by Facebook in 2014 for $19 billion.
Facebook Messenger is an instant messaging service that provides text and voice communication integrated with Facebook. It reached 500 million users in 2014.
SHARE-IT allows users to quickly share photos, videos and files between devices without internet or Bluetooth by connecting devices directly.
This document describes a mobile Bluetooth two-way text chat application. The proposed system allows Android devices within Bluetooth range to discover each other, view user profiles, initiate chat sessions either individually or in groups, and transfer files over Bluetooth without needing WiFi or cellular data. Key features include searching for and viewing nearby users' profiles, pinging users to start a chat, and creating public chat rooms. The system aims to provide a low-cost alternative to SMS or IM-based chatting by leveraging Bluetooth connectivity.
This document discusses the relevance of information and communication technologies (ICT) for secretaries and reporters in the 21st century. It outlines both traditional and digital tools that are important for communication, collaboration, storage, file sharing, meetings, and printouts. These tools include email, intranets, internets, voicemail, scanning, faxing, office suites, laptops, teleconferencing, calendars, Google Docs, Dropbox, Bluetooth, and more. The document emphasizes that ICT skills are critical for all professions in the digital age to increase productivity and compete globally.
Skype was founded in 2003 by Swedish entrepreneurs and later acquired by Microsoft. It allows free video and voice calls between users as well as sharing files and sending messages. It has over 663 million registered users.
This document discusses a folder called "Draw" that is meant to contain a new macro for the software CorelDRAW X3. However, the macros do not seem to be present in the folder. The author notes they have packed or stored their new macro for CorelDRAW X3 in a folder named "Draw" but the macros do not appear to be there.
This document defines key terms related to software as a medical device (SaMD). It defines SaMD as software intended for medical purposes that performs those purposes without being part of a hardware medical device. SaMD is considered a medical device. The document also defines medical purpose, SaMD changes, the SaMD manufacturer, and intended use/purpose for SaMD. It is intended to provide a common framework for regulators in their oversight of SaMD.
This document provides a summary of activities from a first grade class. It describes independent reading, handwriting practice, making cards, playing with blocks and puppets, using a typing program, learning about plants and math games. Other activities included reading at the school library, buddy reading, taking apart a laptop, playing tennis in PE, making books and crafts, sharing writing with older students, going on field trips to museums and monuments, doing fractions, playing volleyball, planting, playing games, exploring nature, and using 3D shapes.
The document discusses the Blackberry smartphone and its key features. It provides information on the phone's email, text messaging, instant messaging, social networking, media, GPS, camera, and business communication capabilities. The document also discusses how Blackberry has helped make communication easier and faster than previous technologies, and predicts that Blackberry and other smartphones will continue to evolve and be used widely for both personal and business communication globally.
This is basically android app presentation on Bluetooth chat which i made for my academic purpose after that i think it is interesting and will be beneficial for others so i uploaded here. Please like my presentation if you r satisfied..... and give me your reviews.....
BlackBerry is a personal communications device developed by Research in Motion that provides email, text, web browsing and phone services. It allows wireless access and synchronization to Outlook email, contacts and calendar. Emails are pushed to the BlackBerry from the server as they arrive through an internet connection, and changes made on the device are pushed back to Outlook. BlackBerry devices are integrated with email systems through the BlackBerry Enterprise Server software.
Blackberry technology was first introduced in 1997 by RIM. The first Blackberry phone, the RIM 950, was released in 1998. Blackberry uses an integrated system including devices, servers, software and services to provide push email, messaging and corporate data access to users. It utilizes a unique PIN identification and strict security measures, making it popular for enterprise use.
ppt on blackberry os 10 , this ppt consisit of information about blackberry Operating system 10's memory management , process management , advantages , dis-advantages , features ,etc.
CALSAE presentation on Mobile Technologylindachreno
This document discusses how mobile technology is impacting association communities. It defines mobile technology and lists ways to identify members' use of mobile technology such as asking what type of phone they have or monitoring where replies come from. The document outlines programs like Skype, iTranslate and Dropbox that can enhance member engagement on mobile devices. It also lists some other engagement ideas and notes drawbacks of mobile use such as not all members having the same technology or allowed workplace use. The document provides contact information for Linda Chreno, the author.
Blackberry OS was initially developed by RIM and launched in 2002. It supported push email and other wireless services on early Blackberry devices with physical keyboards. The OS provided multitasking capabilities and allowed synchronization with email servers and calendars. More recent versions of the Blackberry OS include features like Blackberry Blend, BBM meetings, and the Blackberry Hub.
BlackBerry 10 is a proprietary mobile operating system developed by BlackBerry Limited for BlackBerry smartphones. It is based on QNX, a Unix-like operating system. BlackBerry 10 allows for multitasking and uses a microkernel architecture, keeping less code in the kernel to improve security. BlackBerry 10 separates personal and business data into different memory partitions with password protection to safeguard business information.
iMediaShare integrates smartphones with internet-enabled TVs and game consoles, PS3 and Xbox included, making it possible to browse and play the phone media content from other devices.
1. MacBook computers are designed for easy access to files and applications by all users through features like the dock and finder.
2. The document discusses identifying the various components of a MacBook, such as applications and the system preferences panel, to maximize its potential.
3. It provides guidance on connecting MacBooks to peripherals, networks, and wireless connections through the built-in ports using the appropriate cables, adapters, and software.
Online social networks are becoming more voice-enabled as spoken communication is natural for humans and calls are increasingly triggered by online activities. To be successful, voice features should be integrated seamlessly into existing social networks and minimize disruptions to users' online experiences, for example by using notifications instead of interrupting calls. Monetization strategies like advertising, subscriptions, and competitive differentiation can motivate social networks to adopt voice capabilities across multiple platforms.
WhatsApp is a cross-platform messaging app that allows users to send text, images, video and audio between smartphones. It uses an encrypted protocol and supports Android, iOS, Blackberry and other platforms. Testing covers functionality across devices, security, performance under different conditions, installation and compatibility with platforms and multimedia formats. Basic tests include boundary value analysis of trial periods, and ensuring core chat functions work as expected.
This document discusses several common internet technologies including podcasts, which allow users to subscribe to automatically updated audio and video files; discussion boards, which are online forums for conversation; SMS, which allows short text messages between mobile devices; blogs, which are personal online journals; the iPhone, which is a multimedia smartphone made by Apple; and Pre, which aggregates calendar and contact information and notifications in one place.
Irv Shapario's Boaz Zilberman's presentation at eComm 2008eComm2008
Phone mashups integrate telephony and web functionality by combining data from the web with access from any telephone. This bridges the gap between a user's desire to access information online and the accessibility of that information over the phone. Phone mashups allow users to dial a number and get geotagged information spoken to them, like directions from one location to another. Ifbyphone provides APIs and services to enable developers to create such phone mashups through voice forms, call routing, and other telephony features while keeping costs low through open source technologies and VOIP.
WhatsApp Messenger is an instant messaging app that operates under a subscription model and allows users to send messages, images, videos and audio across platforms. WhatsApp was founded in 2009 and acquired by Facebook in 2014 for $19 billion.
Facebook Messenger is an instant messaging service that provides text and voice communication integrated with Facebook. It reached 500 million users in 2014.
SHARE-IT allows users to quickly share photos, videos and files between devices without internet or Bluetooth by connecting devices directly.
This document describes a mobile Bluetooth two-way text chat application. The proposed system allows Android devices within Bluetooth range to discover each other, view user profiles, initiate chat sessions either individually or in groups, and transfer files over Bluetooth without needing WiFi or cellular data. Key features include searching for and viewing nearby users' profiles, pinging users to start a chat, and creating public chat rooms. The system aims to provide a low-cost alternative to SMS or IM-based chatting by leveraging Bluetooth connectivity.
This document discusses the relevance of information and communication technologies (ICT) for secretaries and reporters in the 21st century. It outlines both traditional and digital tools that are important for communication, collaboration, storage, file sharing, meetings, and printouts. These tools include email, intranets, internets, voicemail, scanning, faxing, office suites, laptops, teleconferencing, calendars, Google Docs, Dropbox, Bluetooth, and more. The document emphasizes that ICT skills are critical for all professions in the digital age to increase productivity and compete globally.
Skype was founded in 2003 by Swedish entrepreneurs and later acquired by Microsoft. It allows free video and voice calls between users as well as sharing files and sending messages. It has over 663 million registered users.
This document discusses a folder called "Draw" that is meant to contain a new macro for the software CorelDRAW X3. However, the macros do not seem to be present in the folder. The author notes they have packed or stored their new macro for CorelDRAW X3 in a folder named "Draw" but the macros do not appear to be there.
This document defines key terms related to software as a medical device (SaMD). It defines SaMD as software intended for medical purposes that performs those purposes without being part of a hardware medical device. SaMD is considered a medical device. The document also defines medical purpose, SaMD changes, the SaMD manufacturer, and intended use/purpose for SaMD. It is intended to provide a common framework for regulators in their oversight of SaMD.
This document provides a summary of activities from a first grade class. It describes independent reading, handwriting practice, making cards, playing with blocks and puppets, using a typing program, learning about plants and math games. Other activities included reading at the school library, buddy reading, taking apart a laptop, playing tennis in PE, making books and crafts, sharing writing with older students, going on field trips to museums and monuments, doing fractions, playing volleyball, planting, playing games, exploring nature, and using 3D shapes.
Collecting and utilizing assessment informationJennifer Orr
This presentation is from a VSTE 2013 presentation on how to collect assessment data (anecdotal information as well as numerical rankings) easily and work with the data to plan effective instruction for the entire class, small groups, and individual students.
This presentation provides an overview of the SIG TEL 4 Health that is located at the CELSTEC institute. We are cooperating with various medical partner organization in European projects on topics like patient safety and patient empowerment. We strongly believe that mobile solutions + semantic and analytic technologies will facilitated the empowered patient and health system of the future.
The document summarizes key concepts in geology including:
1) Plate tectonics describes the seven major plates that make up the earth's surface and how earthquakes and volcanoes occur at their boundaries. Fossils found in different continents provide evidence the earth was once a single landmass.
2) The structure of the earth consists of the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core made of different rock types and temperatures.
3) Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are the three main rock types, forming through cooling of magma, layering of sediments, and changes induced by heat and pressure, respectively.
This document discusses different types of lists that can be added to web pages, including ordered lists, unordered lists, and definition lists. It provides details on how to create each type of list using HTML tags like <OL>, <UL>, and <DL>. Code samples and screenshots are included to demonstrate how to add lists that display items in logical or alphabetical order, with or without numbers or bullets. The reading aims to help readers insert well-organized lists into web pages.
Research Perspectives on Web 2.0 Mash-up EnvironmentsHendrik Drachsler
This document discusses mash-up environments and two tools called ReScope and ReMashed. ReScope is a personal tool that mashes a user's Delicious tag counts with recent tags to create an interactive tag cloud for supporting reflections on bookmarking habits. ReMashed is a mash-up environment that allows users to personalize community information to their preferences by indicating which Web 2.0 services they use and contributions from others they like or dislike. It uses collaborative filtering to generate personalized recommendations by matching users with similar tastes.
Hoe ziet de toekomst van Learning Analytics er uit?Hendrik Drachsler
Presentation given in the Dutch Masterclass: 'Hoe ziet de toekomst van Learning Analytics er uit?'
http://portal.ou.nl/documents/363049/1adc41e5-52f5-4b08-8b98-bf19b635931a
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Drachsler, H., (September, 2013). Hoe ziet de toekomst van Learning Analytics er uit? Open Universiteit, CELSTEC, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
This website is for artist Nick Bantock, known for his intricate and imaginative drawings and paintings. It provides a biography of Bantock, highlighting his background and artistic influences, as well as galleries of his artwork spanning different series. The site aims to give visitors a sense of Bantock's surreal and mystical style through showcasing examples of his detailed and meticulously crafted visual works.
The document discusses how to add tables to web pages. It explains that the <TABLE> tag is used to create a table, the <TR> tag is used to insert rows, and the <TD> tag is used to insert cells. The <CAPTION> tag is used to add a caption to a table, and the border attribute of the <TABLE> tag is used to add borders. Hands-on examples are provided to illustrate creating simple tables, adding headings, captions and borders. The rowspan and colspan attributes are described for joining cells across rows and columns.
The document outlines a digital marketing campaign in Vietnam by Pepsi to promote their drinks during the Lunar New Year period from December 2008 to January 2009, which utilized rich media banners, standard banners, a microsite, and a widget to engage young consumers and embrace traditional values in a modern way, and analysis showed the rich media banners drove more interactions and the campaign met its objectives.
This document discusses HTML tags for horizontal rules and scrolling text. It introduces the <HR> tag for drawing horizontal lines, listing attributes like size, width, and alignment. The <MARQUEE> tag is covered for scrolling text across the page, with attributes including height, width, behavior, bgcolor, and direction. Hands-on exercises are provided to work with these tags in HTML files and view output.
The students were asked to list the seven wonders of the world. Most voted for well-known structures like the pyramids and Great Wall of China. However, one student listed senses and emotions as the true wonders: to see, hear, touch, taste, feel, laugh, and love. Her answer reminded others that the most precious things in life cannot be built or bought, like our basic human experiences.
This document provides an introduction to internet basics and how to connect to the internet. It defines the internet as a global network of networks that connects computers around the world. It lists the basic requirements needed to get internet access, such as a computer, modem, telephone line, and internet service provider. It also describes different types of internet connections including dial-up, broadband cable, DSL, wireless, and how to connect and disconnect from the internet.
The document provides an introduction to the internet and how it works. It discusses some key terms like intranet, extranet, modem, ISP, and IP addresses. It explains that computers connect to each other via gateways and communicate using IP addresses rather than phone numbers. Various internet connection types like dial-up, cable, and wireless are described. The functions of web browsers and how to navigate web pages using URLs and hyperlinks are also summarized.
This document contains a worksheet on computer networks and internet applications for 8th standard students. It includes questions about computer network topologies like star, bus, ring and tree. It also discusses the differences between local area networks and wide area networks. There are questions on internet concepts such as search engines, e-commerce, types of software. Applications like email, chatting, video conferencing and security threats like viruses are explained.
The document discusses the basics of the internet and how it works. It explains that the internet is a worldwide network of interconnected computers that allows people to access information from around the world. It describes some of the common things people can do online, such as email, getting news and information, and accessing government services. It also provides an overview of different types of internet connections like dial-up, broadband, wireless, and satellite. Finally, it discusses how to create a basic website using HTML and upload it to a server so that it can be accessed worldwide.
The document discusses the basics of the internet and how it works. It describes what is needed to connect to the internet, such as a computer, modem, and internet account. It explains different types of internet connections like dial-up, broadband, satellite, and wireless. It also defines different types of computer networks like LAN, WAN, MAN, and PAN. Finally, it provides an overview of how to create a basic website using HTML and upload it to a server so that it can be accessed on the World Wide Web.
The document discusses the basics of the internet and how it works. It explains that the internet is a worldwide network of interconnected computers that allows people to access information from around the world. It describes some of the common things people can do online, such as email, getting news and information, and accessing government services. It also provides an overview of different types of internet connections like dial-up, broadband, wireless, and satellite. Finally, it gives a brief introduction to how someone can set up their own basic website by writing HTML code and uploading it to a hosting server.
The document discusses various aspects of the Internet and World Wide Web. It begins with a brief history, describing the origins of the Internet as a US military networking project and its subsequent growth. It then covers topics like how to connect to the Internet, the development and functions of the World Wide Web, e-mail, and other online communication tools. The document provides definitions and explanations of key terms to build understanding of the capabilities and services available on the Internet.
The document discusses the basics of how the Internet works including:
1. The Internet originated as a research project called ARPANET developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to enable communication between universities and research labs.
2. It has since grown into a worldwide network of interconnected computers and networks with no single entity in control.
3. The World Wide Web was created by Tim Berners-Lee as a way to share and link information over the Internet using browsers and web pages.
The document provides an introduction to the Internet, including:
(1) It describes how the Internet has revolutionized communication and business by allowing people to work and do business globally.
(2) It explains the origins of the Internet from research networks in the 1960s and the development of TCP/IP that allowed computers to connect.
(3) It outlines some common applications and uses of the Internet including email, chatting, online marketing and business transactions.
DESIGN OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE BETWEEN MULTIPLE CLIENTS AND A SI...edirin aphunu
Wireless communication cost reduction software provides a simple but sophisticated means of communications between individuals in an organization. Here we focus on both sides of the clients-server relationship using Java Programming Language. The client requests that some action be performed, and the server performs the action and responds to the clients. The clients will also be able to establish connection between themselves through the server itself. Java’s fundamental networking capabilities are declared by classes and interfaces of package java.net, through which Java offers stream-based communication that enable applications to view networking as streams of data.
The document provides an overview of the Internet and its components. It discusses how the Internet connects computers globally through networks like LANs and WANs. It also describes key Internet concepts like servers, clients, HTML, URLs and the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web. The document then demonstrates how to use the Internet by exploring search engines, social networks, communication tools, media streaming, and browsing the web safely using plugins and private browsing modes.
The document outlines the key sections and features of a voice based web browser system. It includes an introduction describing the purpose and scope, definitions, technologies and tools used. It also provides overall descriptions of the product perspective, interfaces, functions, constraints and models including use case, class, sequence, activity and E-R diagrams. Requirements cover the user interaction, resource uploading/downloading, assumptions, and supplementary items like safety, security, and non-functional needs. The system allows users to access websites and information using voice commands and speech synthesis/recognition over the phone.
The document discusses various aspects of using the internet, including:
1. Common ways to connect to the internet include dial-up, wireless, and cable connections which require a computer, phone line, modem, and internet service provider.
2. The world wide web allows easy access to global information through web browsers which can locate web pages using their URLs.
3. Search engines help locate information and websites when their exact URLs are unknown.
Satya and Simon plan to stay connected with friends during their travels by using Internet technologies like online photo albums and cloud computing. They can access the Internet through either wired or wireless connections at cyber cafes and wireless hotspots. Uploading photos to shared online albums allows them to safely share photos without emailing large files. Using cloud-based apps like Google Docs also gives them access to documents from any Internet connection without needing local software or data storage.
DIGITAL SKILLS MODULE on Access Information onlineGoutham B
The document provides information on digital skills and connecting to the internet. It defines the internet as a worldwide system of computer networks that allows users to access information from any connected computer. Common uses of the internet include email, browsing websites, and accessing information online. Methods of connecting include broadband, cable, WiFi hotspots, and satellite. The document also discusses search engines, evaluating online information, and using Microsoft Edge and tabs to browse the web safely and access multiple pages at once.
This document discusses different types of applications and internet services. It describes common desktop applications like word processors, web browsers, media players, and games. It also discusses categories of mobile applications. The document then covers different types of internet services including dial-up, DSL, cable, satellite, 3G/4G. It explains the equipment needed like modems, routers, and the differences between modems and routers.
The document provides an overview of internet and intranets, including:
- The internet is a worldwide network that connects computers using IP and allows services like the web, email, file sharing and more. Intranets are internal websites for companies only accessible by employees.
- Hardware like computers, routers, modems and switches are needed to connect to the internet or intranets via methods such as broadband, dial-up, or mobile data. Software like browsers, email clients, and apps allow access to online services.
- Risks of using the internet include viruses, hacking, identity theft and more. Users should take precautions like using firewalls, antivirus software, and being wary of scams. Laws
Internet Explorer is a web browser included with Windows operating systems. It allows users to browse the web by typing URLs or search terms. Navigation buttons allow moving backward and forward between pages or refreshing pages. Users can customize Internet Explorer by choosing homepage and default browser settings. Add-ons can be installed to expand functionality by adding search engines or blocking ads.
This document provides an introduction to computer networking concepts. It discusses what a network is and some key advantages and disadvantages of networking. It then describes different types of networks including LAN, WAN, MAN, and WLAN. It also covers network addressing schemes including network classes and subnetting. Finally, it discusses the hierarchical IP addressing scheme used to efficiently route traffic on large networks like the Internet.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
2.1 Web Programming - InternetBasics
1. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
UNIT
2.1
Web Programming
Internet Basics
OBJECTIVES
This unit helps you to be familiar with the fundamentals of Internet and to
explore the World Wide Web.
At the end of this unit, you will be able to
Connect your computer to the Internet
Search the www effectively
Identify the uses of Internet
Browse the Internet
Send E-mail
Use the browser efficiently
Identify IP Address and URL
Benchmark standard
Browse the Internet effectively.
Use the WWW resources proficiently.
Demonstrate the Web server concepts.
Internet Basics 2.1-1
2. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Introduction
Is it possible to wrap the earth? Yes, Internet makes the Earth so small by
wrapping it up with the communication media as shown in Figure 2.1.1.
Figure 2.1.1: Earth wrapped by communication media
You know that Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that connects
computers and devices over a large area. There are innumerable WANs all
over the world. These WANs are interconnected throughout the world to form
Internet. Hence, Internet is a global network of networks. It connects a wide
variety of computers and millions of users all over the world. You can use the
Internet services to send messages, chat with your friends, gather information
on any topic, access a remote computer, transfer files from one computer to
another and much more.
2.1.1 Getting connected to Internet
Suppose that your English teacher gives you an assignment to collect a word
and its meaning every day. You can go to a library and search for a word in the
dictionary. But the easiest way is to use the Internet. You can use the Internet
to get the word, just on a mouse click.
Tip
Make a habit of browsing the Internet to collect at least a word and its meaning everyday.
Hands-On!
Find the word of the day and its meaning using the site www.dictionary.com.
The steps for getting the word of the day from the site www.dictionary.com are
given below:
1. Double-click the Internet Explorer icon on the desktop to open Internet
Explorer.
2. Type www.dictionary.com in the Address bar and press the Enter key.
3. Click the Word of the Day hyperlink.
Internet Basics 2.1-2
3. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
4. Note down the word of the day and its meaning.
Now you will have these questions in mind. What are the minimum
requirements to have Internet connection? How is your computer connected to
other computers on the Internet? What type of connection is feasible? How
does your computer display a page that is stored in some other machine
located somewhere in the world? All your questions will be answered in the
following sections.
Requirements to get Internet Connection
The following are the minimum requirements to have an Internet connection:
1. A computer with the following configuration:
Processor : 486/66 MHz Processor
Memory : 16 MB RAM
Video card : 640 X 480 resolution 256 colors
2. A telephone line
3. A MODEM (Modulator and De-modulator).
4. An ISP (Internet Service Provider).
5. A Web Browser : Commonly used browsers, Internet Explorer
or Netscape Navigator.
Note
A Web browser is software used to display a Web page.
Internet Explorer is the browser used for examples throughout this module.
Note
An Internet service providing (ISP) company allows you to use their Internet connection by
paying the amount specified by them. On payment, ISP gives you a user name, password, an
access telephone number and a dial-up program to connect your PC to the Internet.
Types of Internet Connection
There are different ways of connecting your computer to the Internet. The
different types of connections are:
Dial-up connection
Broadband cable
DSL and ISDN
Wireless connection
Internet Basics 2.1-3
4. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Dial-up Connection
Individual users and small companies prefer dial-up access, because it is an
easy and less expensive way of connecting to the Internet. The speed of
Internet access in this type of connection is less than 56 kbps (kilobytes per
second). In this connection, the MODEM in your computer is connected to the
Internet by using a standard telephone line. To get a dial-up connection, set up
an account with your ISP. Your ISP will provide you a program in CD-ROM, a
username and a password.
After getting these requirements from the ISP, connect the telephone cable to
your PC and install the program in your computer. Now you are ready to
access the Internet. With these, you can connect your PC with the Internet.
You can connect and disconnect your computer to the Internet, whenever you
want.
Note
A MODEM is a device that converts analog signals (signals that can be carried through
telephone cables) into digital signals (signals that a computer can understand) and vice-versa.
Broadband Cable
In the broadband cable connection, the MODEM in your computer is connected
to the Internet through a cable TV line. The speed of Internet access in this
type of connection is around 1000 kbps, which is faster when compared to the
dial-up connection. Here, your computer is connected to the Internet 24 hours a
day. You can browse the Internet and at the same time watch the TV.
DSL and ISDN
In Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and Integrated Services Digital Network
(ISDN), your computer is connected to the Internet through a copper telephone
line. With this connection, you can use the telephone and browse the Internet
at the same time. In this type of connection also your computer is connected to
the Internet 24 hours a day. The errors are less while transmitting and hence
the speed of Internet access is faster (around 1000 kbps) in this type of
connection.
Wireless Connection
Nowadays, Wireless Internet access technologies are also popular. This type of
connection is used to connect Internet with PDAs, notebook computers and
smart phones. A wireless connection is established using satellite and cellular
radio network. These are faster than dial-up connections.
Connecting to the Internet
The following are the steps to connect and disconnect your computer from the
Internet, using a Dial-up connection:
Internet Basics 2.1-4
5. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
1. Double-click the dial-up program’s icon on the desktop.
Dial-up icon
Figure 2.1.2: Dial-up Icon on the Desktop
The Connect dialog box appears as shown in Figure 2.1.3.
Rabiah
Figure 2.1.3: Connect Dialog Box
2. In the Connect dialog box, type the username, password and dial
number provided by the ISP. Click the Dial button. If the information
Internet Basics 2.1-5
6. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
provided is correct, your computer will be connected to the Internet and
a connection icon appears on the taskbar.
Connection icon
Figure 2.1.4: Connection Icon on the Desktop
3. To disconnect, click the Connection icon at bottom-right corner of the
task bar. The Status dialog box appears as shown in Figure 2.1.5. Click
the Disconnect button.
Figure 2.1.5: Status Dialog Box
Internet Basics 2.1-6
7. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Self-Check Exercise 2.1.1
1. Identify what type of Internet connection, you require for the following conditions:
Speed of Internet access does not matter to you.
You do not want to connect to the Internet 24 hours a day.
You do not have a cable TV connection at your home.
You have a telephone line.
2. Identify the false statement in the following set of statements:
A wireless connection is established using satellite and cellular radio network.
In Broadband Cable connection, you can browse the Internet and watch TV at
the same time.
Digital Subscriber Line is the expansion of DSL.
The speed of Internet access is greater in Dial-up connection when compared to
other connections.
Activity 2.1.1
1. Browse the Internet and find the meanings of the following terms:
Cybrarian
Cybercafe
Cybercitizen
e - paper
Electronic resume
2.1.2 World Wide Web
World Wide Web (www) is an Internet service that provides worldwide
information with a vast collection of Web sites.
Suppose that you are on summer holidays and want to visit some fascinating
places in Malaysia. You can browse the Internet to collect information about
some interesting places of visit in Malaysia and enjoy your summer holidays.
Hands-On!
To search for the information about the places of visit in Malaysia,
1. Click the Internet Explorer icon on the desktop and open the Internet
Explorer. For example, you can type www.geographia.com in the Address
bar and press the Enter key. The home page of the Web site
www.geographia.com is displayed in the browser window as shown in
Figure 2.1.6.
Internet Basics 2.1-7
8. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Figure 2.1.6: Home Page of geographia.com
2. Click the Asia hyperlink to open the linked page as shown in Figure
2.1.7.
Figure 2.1.7: A Sample Web Page of geographia.com
Internet Basics 2.1-8
9. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
3. Click the hyperlink, Malaysia in this Web page and select the hyperlink
Places to view the page containing information about tourist spots in
Malaysia.
Figure 2.1.8: A Sample Web Page of geographia.com
You have seen some of the Web pages of the Website geographia.com that
contain information about the tourist spots. These are just a few sample Web
pages out of the millions posted in the Web. World Wide Web shortly www is a
huge collection of such Web pages. Figure 2.1.9 shows that information is
spread over the world like a Web using Internet.
Figure 2.1.9: World Wide Web
Internet Basics 2.1-9
10. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
A Web page is an electronic document that contains information in the form of
text, pictures, audio or video. A Web site is a collection of such related Web
pages. In geographia.com, you have seen some Web pages that have related
information. The Web pages of a Web site are linked together by hyperlinks. In
Figure 2.1.8, you can see the link, Places that is used to open another Web
page, about the various places of visit in Malaysia. The first page of a Web site
is called Home page. Figure 2.1.6 shows the home page of the web site
www.geographia.com.
Searching the Web
Searching the Web for information spread across the globe is as easy as
searching for a file in your computer. You can get information, specific to any
field, from the Web in just a few mouse clicks.
Figure 2.1.10: Searching the Web
You can plan for your higher studies by collecting information such as the
colleges available in Malaysia, courses and facilities offered by different
colleges. There are many sites that provide you this information. Search for the
sites on the Web using the search engines.
Note
A Search Engine is a program used to search the Web for related Web pages.
The steps to search for information using search engines are given as follows:
Step 1: Open Internet Explorer and type www.google.com.my in the Address bar
and press the Enter key. The home page of the Web site,
www.google.com.my is displayed in the browser window as shown in
Figure 2.1.11.
Internet Basics 2.1-10
11. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Figure 2.1.11: Home Page of google.com
Step 2: Type the keywords Malaysia colleges in the text box and click Google
Search button. The links of Web pages that contain the keywords
Malaysia and colleges are displayed on the screen as shown in Figure
2.1.12. Click any of these links to view the Web pages related to your
search information.
Internet Basics 2.1-11
12. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Figure 2.1.12: Result of a sample search in google.com
There are different ways of searching and there are different search engines to
search the Web. Some of the famous search engine addresses are:
www.google.com
www.altavista.com
www.alltheweb.com
www.excite.com
www.hotbot.com
www.lycos.com
www.yahoo.com
Searching Techniques
If you want to collect information about the different colleges in Malaysia, then
you can use the keywords Colleges and Malaysia. You can specify these two
keywords in different ways in the Search textbox and vary the searching
technique accordingly.
For example, open www.yahoo.com and type the keywords within
quotation to search for the pages that contain the keywords given in
the same order as mentioned in the Search textbox. For example,
the keywords Colleges in Malaysia will search for the Web pages that
contain the 3 keywords appearing in the same order.
Internet Basics 2.1-12
13. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Type the keywords without quotation to search for the pages that contain the
keywords in any order. For example, the keywords Colleges in Malaysia will
search for the Web pages that contain the 3 keywords appearing in any order.
Use Boolean Logic in your search. You can use the Boolean logic
that combines the keywords using Boolean Operators in your search.
The different Boolean Operators are AND, OR and NOT.
The AND operator searches for the pages on the Web that
contains both the keywords in the Search textbox. For
example, the keywords combined using AND operator as
Colleges AND Malaysia makes the browser search for the pages
that contain both the words, Colleges and Malaysia as shown
in Figure 2.1.13.
Web pages Web pages
containing containing
only Colleges only Malaysia
Web pages
containing
both Colleges
& Malaysia
Figure 2.1.13: Search Result using AND Operator
The OR operator searches for the pages on the Web that
contains either one of the keyword or both the keywords. For
example, the keywords combined by the OR operator as
Colleges OR Malaysia searches for the pages that contain either
Colleges or Malaysia or both as shown in Figure 2.1.14.
Internet Basics 2.1-13
14. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Web pages Web pages
containing containing
only Colleges only Malaysia
Figure 2.1.14: Search Result using OR Operator
The NOT operator makes the browser search for the pages
that does not contain the search keyword given after NOT. For
example, the keywords combined using NOT operator as
Colleges NOT Malaysia make the browser search for the
Colleges that are not in Malaysia as shown in Figure 2.1.15.
Web pages Web pages
containing containing
only Colleges only Malaysia
Web pages
containing
both Colleges
& Malaysia
Figure 2.1.15: Search Result using NOT Operator
Note
The working of NOT operator varies slightly among various search engines.
You know that the storage capacity of a disk is measured in bytes. Do you
know how many Kilobytes make 3 Gigabyte? The following example uses a
search engine to search for the Web pages that provide this kind of information.
Here, you have to search for pages online that have details about conversions
related to computer. So, the keywords that can be used to search may be the
combination of the words Online, Conversion and Computer. Hence the
keyword for the search will be Online AND Conversion AND Computer.
Internet Basics 2.1-14
15. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Hands-On!
Open a search engine, say www.google.com and type Online AND Conversion
AND Computer in the text box and click Google Search button. The links of
pages that contain the words Online, Conversion and Computer are displayed
as shown in Figure 2.1.16.
Figure 2.1.16: Search result using google search
Click on a link and get your information.
Self-Check Exercise 2.1.2
Fill in the blanks:
1. A ________ is an electronic document that contains information in the form of text, pictures,
audio and video.
2. The first page of a Web site is called _________.
3. _______ is an example for a search engine.
4. WWW is the acronym for _______.
5. The Boolean operators that can be used in searching are ____, ____ and ____.
Internet Basics 2.1-15
16. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Activity 2.1.2
Search for the Web sites that provide information about the different ISPs
available in your region.
Lab Exercise
Lab Exercise 1: Find out the list of universities in Malaysia using google search.
Lab Exercise 2: Find out the information about Petronas Twin Tower using any search engine.
Lab Exercise 3: Search the Web to find information about the World Cup Football Winners till
now.
Lab Exercise 4: Search the Web sites to find information about the best Football players in the
world.
Lab Exercise 5: Browse the Web for finding the details about Bachelor of Computer Science
Programme in the various colleges of Malaysia.
Lab Exercise 6: Find out the USA International dialing code using search engine.
Lab Exercise 7: Search the Web using a search engine to find “Information about Internet” with
and without double quotation marks and find the difference.
Lab Exercise 8: Search the Web page for “Tours and Travels in Malaysia” using the Yahoo
search engine. Use the Boolean operators “or”, “not” instead of “and” in the
search string and find the difference.
Lab Exercise 9: Collect the information about “Festivals in Malaysia” and document the
information.
2.1.3 Uses of Internet
Gathering information is one of the main uses of Internet. You can collect
information almost on any topic using the Internet. Apart from its use as a best
communication media, Internet has also grown as an educating and
entertainment medium. Apart from these, Internet provides some vital services
like E-mail, FTP, and Newsgroup.
E-mail
Electronic mail (E-mail) is one of the major uses of the Internet. You can send
and receive messages to the users all around the world using the e-mail
program. Here, the procedure for sending mail is explained using the yahoo E-
mail service.
To send an e-mail, follow the steps given below:
Step 1: Open Internet Explorer. Type www.yahoo.com in the Address bar. The
home page of yahoo is displayed on the screen.
Internet Basics 2.1-16
17. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Click here
to Sign In
Figure 2.1.16: Home page of yahoo.com
Step 2: Click the hyperlink Sign In. The page shown in Figure 2.1.17 is
displayed in the Web browser.
Figure 2.1.17: Sign in Page of yahoo.com
Internet Basics 2.1-17
18. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
Step 3: Enter your ID and Password in the respective text boxes provided and
press the Enter Key. Your ID and password are checked and the Web
page shown in Figure 2.1.18 is displayed.
Mail
hyperlink
Figure 2.1.18: Home page of yahoo.com
Step 4: Click the Mail hyperlink. Select Compose in the page displayed. The
page shown in Figure 2.1.19 is displayed.
Figure 2.1.19: Compose Page of yahoo.com
Internet Basics 2.1-18
19. Programming and Development Tools Web Programming
To: In the To text box, type the receiver’s e-mail address.
Cc: In the Cc text box, type the e-mail addresses of the
persons to whom you want to send a copy of the same
message. Cc stands for Carbon Copy.
Bcc: Bcc stands for Blind Carbon Copy. Bcc is similar to Cc, but
the difference is that the users specified in the Bcc text box
will receive the message without the knowledge of the
users specified in the To and Cc text boxes.
Subject: Type the subject of the message in the Subject text box.
Attach Files: Click Attach Files hyperlink to attach a file with that
message. Select the file you want to attach and click OK.
Step 5: Type the body of the message in the large text box and click the Send
button.
To view the mails that you receive, follow the steps given below:
Step 1: Open www.yahoo.com and select Mail hyperlink.
Step 2: Enter your username and password in the Sign In page.
Step 3: Click the Inbox hyperlink.
Step 4: Click the mail you want to read.
Note
All the mails you receive will be stored in the Inbox.
Activity 2.1.3
Type your bio-data in Word format and send this as an attachment to your own
mail ID.
E-commerce
Electronic commerce shortly called E-commerce is a business that involves
transfer of information about a product, exchange of goods and services over
the Internet. Anyone who has a computer, an Internet connection and a means
to pay the money for purchased goods can buy a product through E-commerce.
FTP
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. FTP is used to transfer files over the
Internet. You can upload and download your files to any place in the world
using FTP. Uploading is the process of sending documents from your computer
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to a server. Downloading is the process of receiving documents from a server
to your computer.
Newsgroup
Newsgroup is an area on the Internet, where users can discuss on a particular
topic. A user can send a message to a newsgroup on a particular topic and all
the other users of that newsgroup can view and reply to that message. There
are several newsgroups in the Internet. The collection of all newsgroups is
called Usenet. The computer that stores and replies the newsgroup messages
is called News Server.
Chat
Chatting is a conversation between two or more users over the Internet.
Millions of people chat all over the world using Internet no matter how far they
are located.
Self-Check Exercise 2.1.3
Am I correct?
1. Newsgroup is a feature used to transfer files over the Internet.
2. FTP is a conversation between two or more users over the Internet.
3. You can send and receive messages to the users all around the world using the e-mail
program.
4. You cannot add files to your messages using E-mail.
5. E-commerce is a business that involves transfer of information about a product, exchange of
goods and services over the Internet.
Lab Exercise
Lab Exercise 10: Send a mail to your friend.
Lab Exercise 11: Send a mail with the same message to different mail address.
2.1.4 Browsers and Web Server Concepts
The browser acts as an interface between the user and the Web. It is an
application program that resides in the client machine and displays the content
of a Web page. The browser reads the instructions given in a language such as
HTML and displays the document in the browser window. Some of the
browsers are Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Hot Java, Mozilla, Mosaic
and Opera. Here, you will be exposed to one of the renowned browsers, the
Internet Explorer.
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You can open the Internet Explorer by selecting Start Programs Internet
Explorer. The Internet Explorer interface opens as shown in the Figure 2.1.20.
Figure 2.1.20: Internet Explorer Interface
The title bar is displayed at the top of the page. It contains the title of
the document.
Menu bar is displayed below the title bar.
The Standard Buttons toolbar is below the Menu bar.
Next to the Standard Buttons toolbar is the Address bar, where you
type the URL of a particular web page.
Below the address bar is the area where the document will be
displayed.
The status bar is displayed at the bottom of the Internet Explorer
window.
Opening a Web Page in Internet Explorer
To open a Web page in Internet Explorer, type the URL of the Web page in the
Address bar and press the Enter key. For example, to open yahoo.com type
www.yahoo.com in the Address bar and press the Enter key. The home page
of yahoo.com will be displayed in the browser window.
Buttons in the Standard buttons toolbar
The Back button is used to open the previous page that had been visited. The
URLs of the pages that had been visited can be viewed by clicking the small
arrow at the right of the Back button. The desired page can be viewed by
clicking the URL from the list displayed.
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The Forward button is used to open the next page to the current page that had
been visited. The URLs of the pages that had been visited can be viewed by
clicking the small arrow at the right of the Forward button. The desired page
can be viewed by clicking the URL from the list displayed.
If you have typed the URL of a page in the Address bar and pressed the Enter
key, the browser will start connecting to that page. If you want to stop the
search in the middle, click the Stop button.
Sometimes the Web page you are searching for may not be displayed properly.
The Refresh button can be used to restart the search from the beginning.
The Web pages that you often visit can be stored in Favorites so that you can
retrieve it easily in future.
Home button can be clicked to get back to the home page set in the browser.
Web Server
In an earlier session, you have got a word and its meaning using the Web site
www.dictionary.com. Two computers were involved in this process of retrieving
meaning of the word. The computer using which you sent a request is the
Client Computer. The computer that received your request and responded to it
is the Server Computer. Some of the servers are Web server, FTP server and
mail server. Web server follows a set of rules while communicating with the
client. This set of rules is known as HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).
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Request
Response
Client Server
Figure 2.1.21: Web Server responding to a Client’s Request
The meaning of server here is related to both hardware and software. The Web
site, say www.dictionary.com is stored in the server machine. The response
made to your request is through the software. Microsoft’s IIS (Internet
Information Server) is popular Server software for Windows OS. The following
are the steps that occur while retrieving a Web page:
1. The browser breaks the URL into different parts namely, the protocol
(HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol), the server name and the file
name.
Note
The HTTP is the set of rules followed by the server for effective communication with the client.
2. The browser sends the server name to a name server that translates the
server name into IP Address. The browser uses the IP address to
communicate with the server.
3. The browser sends a GET request to the server asking for the Web
page.
4. The server finds the requested page and sends HTML code of page to
the browser.
5. The browser reads the HTML code and displays the page in the browser
window.
Figure 2.1.22 visualizes the above mentioned points:
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Figure 2.1.22: Server Serving a Web page to a Client
Data Transmission from Client to Web Server
Establish the Internet connection by dialing up your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). After establishing the connection to the Internet, open a Web browser,
say Internet Explorer by double clicking its icon on the desktop. The Internet
Explorer opens with its home page. Type the address of the Web site, say
www.yahoo.com in the Address bar and press the Enter key. The Web page that
you requested is displayed in the browser as shown in Figure 2.1.23.
Figure 2.1.23: Home Page of yahoo.com
The steps involved in transmitting data in the Internet are as follows:
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1. The request that you made to display the home page of yahoo by typing
the address of the Web site is sent to a MODEM in the form of digital
signals.
2. The MODEM connected to your computer converts the digital signals
into analog signals. The telephone cables can carry only analog signals.
3. The analog signals are carried through the telephone line to a regional
ISP.
4. The data in the form of signals are then passed to a national ISP through
telephone lines.
5. The signals are passed to another national ISP, from where it is
transferred to the regional ISP in the server location.
6. From the regional ISP, the signals are passed to the server that contains
the required Web page after converting to digital signals by a MODEM.
Figure 2.1.24: Data Transmission from Client to Web Server
7. The server gets the requested data (Web Page) and sends it to the
client computer through the regional and national ISPs.
8. The MODEM in your location converts analog signals to digital.
9. Finally, the data received by your computer is displayed in the browser
window as shown in Figure 2.1.23.
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2.1.5 IP Addresses and Uniform Resource Locator
2.1.5 (A) IP Address
The computers in the Internet are linked by a network. In this network, your
computer acts as a client. The client computer can request different computers,
which act as servers for data and information. Each computer in the network is
identified by a unique address known as IP address, short form for Internet
Protocol address.
The following is an example for an IP address:
103.38.123.214
Represents a Represents a specific
network computer in the network
The IP address consists of four parts. Each part is called as octet because
each part is made up of 8 bits (8 binary digits) and makes a total of 4 X 8 = 32
bits. Each octet is a number between 0 and 255 in decimal form and is
separated by a dot. The first 3 octets represent the network to which the
computer is connected and the fourth octet represents the computer in that
network.
2.1.5 (B) URL
Every Web page in WWW has a unique address. This address is called as URL
(Uniform Resource Locator). The URL is similar to the postal address. The
postal address contains your door number, street name, area name and zip
code. Similarly the URL contains protocol, domain name, path and Web page
name as shown in the following example.
http://www.geographia.com/indx04.htm
Protocol Domain Name Web page name
In the above example, http is the protocol, www.geographia.com is the domain
name and indx04.htm is the Web page name.
In the domain name, the last portion is called top-level domain that represents
the type of organization, the Web site belongs to. Here, .com refers to
companies and commercial organization. A list of some of the top-level
domains is given in Table 2.1.1.
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Top-Level Domains Domain Type
com Commercial Organizations
and companies
org Non-Profit Organizations
net Company that provides
network
gov Government Organizations
edu Educational Institutions
Table 2.1.1: List of Top-Level Domains
Self-Check Exercise 2.1.4
Who am I? (Identify who I am using minimum number of clues given below)
Clue 1 - I reside in client’s computer
Clue 2 - Without me, you cannot see any web pages.
Clue 3 - I can understand HTML tags.
Clue 4 - I act as an interface between the user and the web.
Technical Terminologies
Internet - Internet is a network of networks
MODEM - A device that converts analog signals into digital
signals and vice-versa.
ISP - Internet Service provider (ISP) is a company that allows
you to use their Internet connection for a price.
Web Page - An electronic document that contains information in the
form of text, pictures, audio and video.
Web Site - Collection of related Web pages.
Hyperlink - Link that connects Web pages of a Web site.
Home Page - First page of a Web site.
E-mail - Program used to send and receive messages to the
users all around the world.
E-Commerce - A business that involves transfer of goods and
services over the Internet.
FTP - A program used to transfer files over the Internet.
Newsgroup - An area on the Internet where users can discuss on a
particular topic.
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Chat - Conversation between two or more users over the
Internet.
IP Address - IP Address is the address of your computer on the
Internet.
URL - The address of a Website is called URL (Uniform
Resource Locator).
PDA - Personal Digital Assistant is a hand-held computer that
has a calendar and organizer for storing personal
information.
Summary
In this unit, you learnt that
Wide Area Networks are interconnected through out the world to
form Internet.
MODEM is a device that converts analog signals into digital signals
and vice-versa.
In Broadband cable connection, the MODEM in your computer is
connected to the Internet through a cable TV line.
World Wide Web shortly www is a huge collection of web pages.
Web site is a collection of related Web pages.
The first page of a web site is called Home page.
E-mail is a program used to send and receive messages to the users
all around the world.
FTP is used to transfer files over the Internet.
Chatting is a conversation between two or more users over the
Internet.
Browser is an application program that displays the content of a web
Page.
Each computer in the network is identified by a unique address
known as IP address.
Every Web page in WWW has a unique address called as URL.
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Assignment
I. Solve the following crossword:
1 2 3 4
5
6 7
8
9
10
Across
5. Network of Networks
7. Approach them to get Internet connection
8. Opening page of a Web site
10. Store the frequently visiting pages here
Down
1. Click this to view the related page
2. Used to transfer files
3. Interface between user and WWW
4. Collection of related web pages
6. Domain name for government organizations
9. A Web server
II. Answer the following questions:
1. Define the term Internet.
2. Mention the use of a MODEM.
3. Define the term E-commerce.
4. State the definition for a Web browser.
5. Write short notes on IP address and URL.
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Criterion Referenced Test
Instruction: Students must evaluate themselves to attain the list of
competencies to be achieved.
Name:
Subject: Programming and Development tools
Unit: Internet Basics
Please tick [ √ ] the appropriate box when you have achieved the respective
competency.
Date Internet Basics
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Comment
Competency codes:
C1 = List the requirements to connect your computer to the Internet.
C2 = Search the WWW for information using different search techniques.
C3 = List the uses of Internet.
C4 = Send an E-mail.
C5 = Describe how data is transmitted from client to server and vice-versa.
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