An introduction to African American painters and sculptors working in the nineteenth century, including Joshua Johnson, Robert Duncanson, Grafton Tyler Brown, Edward Mitchell Bannister, Edmonia Lewis, and Henry Ossawa Tanner.
Realism in France during the XIX century , the paintings made by DAUMIER and MILLET,New subjects and new themes, Nature and life in the coutryside, the changes with industrialisation, the new working class
Realism was an artistic movement that developed in France in the mid to late 19th century. It aimed to portray everyday subjects and scenes of ordinary people in a realistic way, focusing on their actual conditions rather than idealizing them. Gustave Courbet was a leading French painter of the Realist movement. Some of his most famous works included The Stone Breakers, A Burial at Ornans, and The Painter's Studio, which depicted scenes of peasants and working classes in a realistic style through use of color, technique, and scale that had previously been reserved for historical paintings. Courbet sought to bring awareness to the harsh social conditions of the lower classes through his gritty and unconventional representations.
Comic book artists use size and location on covers to convey information hierarchy, with the title being largest and highest to indicate most importance. Smaller text like writer and artist names are placed lower. Artists also employ organizational schemes like "Z" or "V" shapes and central focal points to guide reader's eyes through text and images in a coherent manner.
Henri Matisse (1869-1954) was a French artist known for his paintings and paper cut-out collages. As a young man he studied law but became interested in art after a long hospital stay. He studied painting at art school and chose it as his profession. Throughout his life he painted hundreds of works in a variety of styles, from realistic depictions to more abstract designs focused on shapes and colors. He was influenced by African art patterns. In old age he created collages by cutting shapes from paper to make colorful compositions. Matisse explored art in different styles and cultures throughout his long, prolific career as a painter.
Claes Oldenburg was an American artist known for his pop art sculptures that blurred the lines between art and everyday objects. He began his career making sculptures and installations out of common materials found in urban environments. His 1961 exhibit The Store featured plaster sculptures of consumer goods that challenged notions of what art could be. Oldenburg is renowned for his large-scale public sculptures later in his career, like the 45-foot Clothespin in Philadelphia. He transformed familiar items into whimsical and oversized artworks that commented on consumer culture and social norms.
Keith Haring was born in 1958 in Reading, Pennsylvania. He was fascinated by Walt Disney cartoons as a child and enjoyed drawing with his father. Growing up, Haring was not interested in formal art and was more drawn to pop art like cartoons and comics. During the 1980s, Haring began his career painting graffiti on the walls and buildings of New York City subways. His drawings featured figures surrounded by rhythmic lines that made them appear vibrating or moving.
Fauvism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement known for its use of bright, arbitrary colors and expressive brushwork. Key figures included Henri Matisse and Andre Derain. Their works were first exhibited together in 1905 and were criticized for their wild, unnatural colors, leading to the name "Fauves" meaning wild beasts. Matisse's painting Woman with a Hat was particularly attacked but also purchased by Gertrude and Leo Stein, boosting Matisse's confidence. Both Matisse and Derain were inspired by color and reimagining the visual world through color.
Realism in France during the XIX century , the paintings made by DAUMIER and MILLET,New subjects and new themes, Nature and life in the coutryside, the changes with industrialisation, the new working class
Realism was an artistic movement that developed in France in the mid to late 19th century. It aimed to portray everyday subjects and scenes of ordinary people in a realistic way, focusing on their actual conditions rather than idealizing them. Gustave Courbet was a leading French painter of the Realist movement. Some of his most famous works included The Stone Breakers, A Burial at Ornans, and The Painter's Studio, which depicted scenes of peasants and working classes in a realistic style through use of color, technique, and scale that had previously been reserved for historical paintings. Courbet sought to bring awareness to the harsh social conditions of the lower classes through his gritty and unconventional representations.
Comic book artists use size and location on covers to convey information hierarchy, with the title being largest and highest to indicate most importance. Smaller text like writer and artist names are placed lower. Artists also employ organizational schemes like "Z" or "V" shapes and central focal points to guide reader's eyes through text and images in a coherent manner.
Henri Matisse (1869-1954) was a French artist known for his paintings and paper cut-out collages. As a young man he studied law but became interested in art after a long hospital stay. He studied painting at art school and chose it as his profession. Throughout his life he painted hundreds of works in a variety of styles, from realistic depictions to more abstract designs focused on shapes and colors. He was influenced by African art patterns. In old age he created collages by cutting shapes from paper to make colorful compositions. Matisse explored art in different styles and cultures throughout his long, prolific career as a painter.
Claes Oldenburg was an American artist known for his pop art sculptures that blurred the lines between art and everyday objects. He began his career making sculptures and installations out of common materials found in urban environments. His 1961 exhibit The Store featured plaster sculptures of consumer goods that challenged notions of what art could be. Oldenburg is renowned for his large-scale public sculptures later in his career, like the 45-foot Clothespin in Philadelphia. He transformed familiar items into whimsical and oversized artworks that commented on consumer culture and social norms.
Keith Haring was born in 1958 in Reading, Pennsylvania. He was fascinated by Walt Disney cartoons as a child and enjoyed drawing with his father. Growing up, Haring was not interested in formal art and was more drawn to pop art like cartoons and comics. During the 1980s, Haring began his career painting graffiti on the walls and buildings of New York City subways. His drawings featured figures surrounded by rhythmic lines that made them appear vibrating or moving.
Fauvism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement known for its use of bright, arbitrary colors and expressive brushwork. Key figures included Henri Matisse and Andre Derain. Their works were first exhibited together in 1905 and were criticized for their wild, unnatural colors, leading to the name "Fauves" meaning wild beasts. Matisse's painting Woman with a Hat was particularly attacked but also purchased by Gertrude and Leo Stein, boosting Matisse's confidence. Both Matisse and Derain were inspired by color and reimagining the visual world through color.
Fauvism: The Artwork of Matisse and DerainFrank Curkovic
Fauvism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement characterized by bold, bright, and pure colors and a simplified use of forms. Key Fauvist artists included Henri Matisse and Andre Derain, who believed color should be used expressively rather than descriptively to depict feelings evoked by subjects. Their paintings from 1905-1908 featured simplified drawings and exaggerated use of color that influenced later German Expressionism.
The document summarizes the Fauvism art movement. It began in the early 20th century in France and was characterized by bright, vivid colors and simplified forms that did not aim for realism. Major artists included Matisse, Derain, Vlaminck, Gauguin, and Marionot. They had their first exhibition in 1905 in Paris which brought recognition to the movement. Fauvism emphasized using color to convey emotion over realistic representation.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) nació en Aragón y se formó como pintor en Zaragoza y Madrid, donde desarrolló su carrera artística. Trabajó inicialmente como cartonista para la Real Fábrica de Tapices, donde revolucionó el género con escenas de la vida cotidiana. Más tarde se convirtió en pintor de cámara de la corte española, donde alcanzó gran prestigio como retratista. La Guerra de Independencia Española tuvo un profundo
El documento describe al grupo expresionista alemán Der Blaue Reiter (El Jinete Azul), fundado en Múnich en 1911 por Wassily Kandinsky y Franz Marc. El grupo promovía un arte no imitativo y espiritual, influenciado por el arte primitivo, medieval, infantil y las vanguardias europeas. Los principales miembros discutidos son Kandinsky, Marc, Macke y Jawlensky, conocidos por su pintura colorista y abstracta que buscaba expresar sentimientos internos.
The document discusses Jim Dine, an American pop artist known for his heart series paintings and sculptures from the 1950s-60s. Dine's hearts are unique as they lack outlines and use color and value contrast rather than realistic shading. The document encourages students to create heart compositions using these pop art techniques of non-outlined shapes and contrasting colors/values.
Keith Haring was born in 1958 in Pennsylvania and was inspired by pop artists like Andy Warhol. He attended art school but left to live in New York City where he began creating chalk drawings in subway stations in the 1980s. Haring developed a unique style using bold lines and simplified figures to create repeating patterns conveying social and political messages. His iconic symbols like the radiating baby became well known around the world. Haring aimed to make art accessible to the public through affordable prints and merchandise before his early death from AIDS in 1990.
Post-Impressionism refers to a loose group of artists in the late 19th century who were influenced by Impressionism but developed their own unique styles. These artists, including Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, and Georges Seurat, experimented with techniques like pointillism, distortion of color and form, and symbolic content to convey emotion. Their works moved beyond Impressionism to focus more on design and emotion, laying the foundations for 20th century modern art movements like Cubism and Expressionism.
Robert Delaunay was a French artist born in 1885 who had no formal art training. He became interested in Cubism and helped develop Orphism, an abstract art movement using bright colors and geometric shapes. One of his most famous works from 1912, Simultaneous Windows on the City, showed his style of bold colors and geometric forms influenced by Cubism. Later in his career, he created large murals for the 1937 World's Fair that were inspired by modern transportation.
Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American graffiti artist born in Brooklyn, New York in 1960. From a young age, his parents exposed him to art, music, and theater which inspired his love of drawing. He began his career drawing graffiti and went on to create large, colorful paintings featuring images like teeth, Native Americans, and crowns that portrayed his unique perspective on the world in a funny, angry, or sad way. Though he became quickly successful, Basquiat died young at age 27, leaving behind a short but influential body of work.
La Bauhaus fue una escuela de arte y diseño fundada en Alemania en 1919 por Walter Gropius. Aunque su nombre significa "casa de construcción", inicialmente no tuvo un departamento de arquitectura. La Bauhaus promovió la idea de reformar la enseñanza artística para transformar la sociedad burguesa de acuerdo con los ideales socialistas de su fundador. La escuela produjo obras innovadoras en diversas áreas como la danza, la fotografía y el diseño industrial, y contribuyó al desarrollo del diseño moderno.
AP ART HISTORY: Symbolism, Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau, Austrian Se...S Sandoval
AP ART HISTORY : Other Art Styles of the Late Nineteenth Century.
Art Nouveau, Arts and Crafts Movement, Austrian Secession, Symbolism.
Artists, architects: Redon, Moreau, Rousseau, Carpeaux, Horta, Gaudi, Tiffany, Klimt
This document provides an overview of Romanticism in painting. It discusses how Romanticism valued depictions of nature as sublime and awe-inspiring. Key characteristics included a focus on individual genius and emotion, as well as opposition to classical norms and industrialization. The document explores works by Romantic painters like Caspar David Friedrich, J.M.W. Turner, Theodore Gericault, and Eugene Delacroix that capture feelings of melancholy, mystery, and the power of nature through their dramatic landscapes and scenes. It also notes Romanticism's influence on later artistic periods and questions whether Romantic ideals still exist today.
Charles Demuth was an American painter who lived in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and helped start the Precisionism art movement. He had a relatively short life due to poor health that may have included childhood injury or polio, and later developed diabetes. Demuth is known for his paintings of buildings and objects that used precise geometrical forms to explore industrialization, as influenced by Cubism and Futurism. His most famous work, "I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold," was inspired by a William Carlos Williams poem and showed the influence of his earlier building paintings through its focus on geometric shapes and multiple perspectives.
This document provides information on various artists and their linocut works. It lists the names of over 15 artists such as Mark Hearld, Angie Lewin, Nick Morley, Kreg Yingst, and Darrel Perkins who have created linocut illustrations, portraits, and series. It also describes linocut exhibitions in London and provides details on the linocut process from several artists like Aijung Kim, James Green, and students at Seymour Road Studios.
Impressionism was an artistic movement that began in France in the 1860s. Led by artists such as Manet, Monet, Renoir, Degas, and Pissarro, the Impressionists rejected academic painting styles in favor of depicting natural light and color through visible brushstrokes and unusual angles. Their work focused on everyday subjects painted outdoors and captured the transient effects of light. While rejected by the Salon at first, Impressionist paintings eventually gained widespread acceptance for their original vision.
The document discusses the influence of Japanese art, known as Japonisme, on Western art in the late 19th century. It began when trade opened with Japan in 1854, exposing Western artists to woodblock prints, which were popularized in Paris exhibitions and shops in the 1860s. Artists admired the prints' flatness, asymmetry, and emphasis on nature over symmetry. Many Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, such as Manet, Degas, Van Gogh, and Gauguin, were influenced by these styles and incorporated elements of them into their own works.
Claude Monet was an influential French Impressionist painter born in 1840 who is famous for capturing scenes of nature using loose brushstrokes and dabs of bright color. Some of his most famous works include paintings of water lilies from his garden in Giverny. Later in his career as his eyesight declined, Monet's style changed and his paintings of water lilies became hazier as the reflections and water melted together into swirling colors.
Fauvism was a short-lived early 20th century art movement led by Henri Matisse that focused on using bright, pure, complementary colors to express emotion rather than realistic representation. Matisse's vividly colored paintings shocked the art world at the time. He was joined by Maurice de Vlaminck and Andre Derain, whose works were described as "wild beasts," giving the movement its name - "Fauvism." Through their radical use of color, the Fauvists paved the way for future art styles that embraced non-traditional color use.
This document provides an overview of Les Fauves, a early 20th century art movement known for its bold use of pure color and painterly techniques. It discusses the social/historical context of 1900s Europe and introduces some of the key Fauvist artists like Matisse, Derain, and Vlaminck. Their goal was to express emotion through color alone, breaking from academic traditions. The document also examines influences on the Fauves like Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Cezanne and how the movement served as a transition between Impressionism and Expressionism.
This document discusses four authors - Anna Julia Haywood Cooper, Charles Waddell Chesnutt, and Joel Chandler Harris - who wrote during the post-Civil War realist period in the United States. Cooper was the fourth African American woman to earn a doctorate and focused on social justice and women's rights. Chesnutt's work, like The Conjure Woman, used the frame tale structure and served as both folk tales and social commentary on post-Civil War black experiences. Harris is most known for his Uncle Remus stories, though his work received criticism for its portrayal of the master-slave relationship. These authors incorporated themes of race and regional tensions through the realist tradition to demonstrate the struggles of the post
Fauvism: The Artwork of Matisse and DerainFrank Curkovic
Fauvism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement characterized by bold, bright, and pure colors and a simplified use of forms. Key Fauvist artists included Henri Matisse and Andre Derain, who believed color should be used expressively rather than descriptively to depict feelings evoked by subjects. Their paintings from 1905-1908 featured simplified drawings and exaggerated use of color that influenced later German Expressionism.
The document summarizes the Fauvism art movement. It began in the early 20th century in France and was characterized by bright, vivid colors and simplified forms that did not aim for realism. Major artists included Matisse, Derain, Vlaminck, Gauguin, and Marionot. They had their first exhibition in 1905 in Paris which brought recognition to the movement. Fauvism emphasized using color to convey emotion over realistic representation.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) nació en Aragón y se formó como pintor en Zaragoza y Madrid, donde desarrolló su carrera artística. Trabajó inicialmente como cartonista para la Real Fábrica de Tapices, donde revolucionó el género con escenas de la vida cotidiana. Más tarde se convirtió en pintor de cámara de la corte española, donde alcanzó gran prestigio como retratista. La Guerra de Independencia Española tuvo un profundo
El documento describe al grupo expresionista alemán Der Blaue Reiter (El Jinete Azul), fundado en Múnich en 1911 por Wassily Kandinsky y Franz Marc. El grupo promovía un arte no imitativo y espiritual, influenciado por el arte primitivo, medieval, infantil y las vanguardias europeas. Los principales miembros discutidos son Kandinsky, Marc, Macke y Jawlensky, conocidos por su pintura colorista y abstracta que buscaba expresar sentimientos internos.
The document discusses Jim Dine, an American pop artist known for his heart series paintings and sculptures from the 1950s-60s. Dine's hearts are unique as they lack outlines and use color and value contrast rather than realistic shading. The document encourages students to create heart compositions using these pop art techniques of non-outlined shapes and contrasting colors/values.
Keith Haring was born in 1958 in Pennsylvania and was inspired by pop artists like Andy Warhol. He attended art school but left to live in New York City where he began creating chalk drawings in subway stations in the 1980s. Haring developed a unique style using bold lines and simplified figures to create repeating patterns conveying social and political messages. His iconic symbols like the radiating baby became well known around the world. Haring aimed to make art accessible to the public through affordable prints and merchandise before his early death from AIDS in 1990.
Post-Impressionism refers to a loose group of artists in the late 19th century who were influenced by Impressionism but developed their own unique styles. These artists, including Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, and Georges Seurat, experimented with techniques like pointillism, distortion of color and form, and symbolic content to convey emotion. Their works moved beyond Impressionism to focus more on design and emotion, laying the foundations for 20th century modern art movements like Cubism and Expressionism.
Robert Delaunay was a French artist born in 1885 who had no formal art training. He became interested in Cubism and helped develop Orphism, an abstract art movement using bright colors and geometric shapes. One of his most famous works from 1912, Simultaneous Windows on the City, showed his style of bold colors and geometric forms influenced by Cubism. Later in his career, he created large murals for the 1937 World's Fair that were inspired by modern transportation.
Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American graffiti artist born in Brooklyn, New York in 1960. From a young age, his parents exposed him to art, music, and theater which inspired his love of drawing. He began his career drawing graffiti and went on to create large, colorful paintings featuring images like teeth, Native Americans, and crowns that portrayed his unique perspective on the world in a funny, angry, or sad way. Though he became quickly successful, Basquiat died young at age 27, leaving behind a short but influential body of work.
La Bauhaus fue una escuela de arte y diseño fundada en Alemania en 1919 por Walter Gropius. Aunque su nombre significa "casa de construcción", inicialmente no tuvo un departamento de arquitectura. La Bauhaus promovió la idea de reformar la enseñanza artística para transformar la sociedad burguesa de acuerdo con los ideales socialistas de su fundador. La escuela produjo obras innovadoras en diversas áreas como la danza, la fotografía y el diseño industrial, y contribuyó al desarrollo del diseño moderno.
AP ART HISTORY: Symbolism, Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau, Austrian Se...S Sandoval
AP ART HISTORY : Other Art Styles of the Late Nineteenth Century.
Art Nouveau, Arts and Crafts Movement, Austrian Secession, Symbolism.
Artists, architects: Redon, Moreau, Rousseau, Carpeaux, Horta, Gaudi, Tiffany, Klimt
This document provides an overview of Romanticism in painting. It discusses how Romanticism valued depictions of nature as sublime and awe-inspiring. Key characteristics included a focus on individual genius and emotion, as well as opposition to classical norms and industrialization. The document explores works by Romantic painters like Caspar David Friedrich, J.M.W. Turner, Theodore Gericault, and Eugene Delacroix that capture feelings of melancholy, mystery, and the power of nature through their dramatic landscapes and scenes. It also notes Romanticism's influence on later artistic periods and questions whether Romantic ideals still exist today.
Charles Demuth was an American painter who lived in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and helped start the Precisionism art movement. He had a relatively short life due to poor health that may have included childhood injury or polio, and later developed diabetes. Demuth is known for his paintings of buildings and objects that used precise geometrical forms to explore industrialization, as influenced by Cubism and Futurism. His most famous work, "I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold," was inspired by a William Carlos Williams poem and showed the influence of his earlier building paintings through its focus on geometric shapes and multiple perspectives.
This document provides information on various artists and their linocut works. It lists the names of over 15 artists such as Mark Hearld, Angie Lewin, Nick Morley, Kreg Yingst, and Darrel Perkins who have created linocut illustrations, portraits, and series. It also describes linocut exhibitions in London and provides details on the linocut process from several artists like Aijung Kim, James Green, and students at Seymour Road Studios.
Impressionism was an artistic movement that began in France in the 1860s. Led by artists such as Manet, Monet, Renoir, Degas, and Pissarro, the Impressionists rejected academic painting styles in favor of depicting natural light and color through visible brushstrokes and unusual angles. Their work focused on everyday subjects painted outdoors and captured the transient effects of light. While rejected by the Salon at first, Impressionist paintings eventually gained widespread acceptance for their original vision.
The document discusses the influence of Japanese art, known as Japonisme, on Western art in the late 19th century. It began when trade opened with Japan in 1854, exposing Western artists to woodblock prints, which were popularized in Paris exhibitions and shops in the 1860s. Artists admired the prints' flatness, asymmetry, and emphasis on nature over symmetry. Many Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, such as Manet, Degas, Van Gogh, and Gauguin, were influenced by these styles and incorporated elements of them into their own works.
Claude Monet was an influential French Impressionist painter born in 1840 who is famous for capturing scenes of nature using loose brushstrokes and dabs of bright color. Some of his most famous works include paintings of water lilies from his garden in Giverny. Later in his career as his eyesight declined, Monet's style changed and his paintings of water lilies became hazier as the reflections and water melted together into swirling colors.
Fauvism was a short-lived early 20th century art movement led by Henri Matisse that focused on using bright, pure, complementary colors to express emotion rather than realistic representation. Matisse's vividly colored paintings shocked the art world at the time. He was joined by Maurice de Vlaminck and Andre Derain, whose works were described as "wild beasts," giving the movement its name - "Fauvism." Through their radical use of color, the Fauvists paved the way for future art styles that embraced non-traditional color use.
This document provides an overview of Les Fauves, a early 20th century art movement known for its bold use of pure color and painterly techniques. It discusses the social/historical context of 1900s Europe and introduces some of the key Fauvist artists like Matisse, Derain, and Vlaminck. Their goal was to express emotion through color alone, breaking from academic traditions. The document also examines influences on the Fauves like Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Cezanne and how the movement served as a transition between Impressionism and Expressionism.
This document discusses four authors - Anna Julia Haywood Cooper, Charles Waddell Chesnutt, and Joel Chandler Harris - who wrote during the post-Civil War realist period in the United States. Cooper was the fourth African American woman to earn a doctorate and focused on social justice and women's rights. Chesnutt's work, like The Conjure Woman, used the frame tale structure and served as both folk tales and social commentary on post-Civil War black experiences. Harris is most known for his Uncle Remus stories, though his work received criticism for its portrayal of the master-slave relationship. These authors incorporated themes of race and regional tensions through the realist tradition to demonstrate the struggles of the post
The document discusses the three waves of women's emancipation, beginning with the first wave in the late 19th century which focused on gaining women the rights to employment, education, and suffrage. The second wave in the 1960s-1970s aimed for equality between men and women on political, social, and professional levels as well as raising awareness of oppression. The third wave since the 1990s continued second wave goals while also questioning masculinity and supporting LGBTQ+ movements. In conclusion, it examines the current status of women.
Code for Progress - Disrupt - Rootscamp2014aliyarahman
The document discusses strategies for increasing diversity in the technology industry, including hiring more women and people of color directly, asking innovative questions about what problems need to be solved rather than predefined skills, and training and supporting a more diverse pool of coders and non-coders. It also encourages desegregating tech and addressing the lack of opportunities as a void to be filled in 2016.
Lynching was a horrific practice in America that involved torturing and killing African Americans in public spectacles watched by thousands of white people. Victims were burned alive, mutilated, and had their bodies displayed or made into souvenirs. Lynchings often involved accusing African Americans of minor offenses or none at all. One document details specific lynchings that occurred across various American cities and states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A survivor of lynching went on to found a museum documenting the injustices and racial violence against African Americans.
This document provides a detailed history of racial segregation and the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. It discusses how segregation began before the Civil War and intensified after Reconstruction, becoming codified into Jim Crow laws in the 1890s. The Supreme Court upheld segregation in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. African Americans challenged segregation through the Civil Rights Movement beginning in the 1940s. The Movement sought to defeat white supremacy and achieve equal political and economic opportunities for blacks, not just integration into white society. Segregation began to break down in the 1950s and 1960s through Supreme Court rulings like Brown v. Board of Education and the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
(This presentation was originally given at the University of Kentucky during an African-American and African Studies lecture conducted by Dr. DaMaris B. Hill on November 18, 2014.)
The Montana State University Women's Center and the Diversity Awareness Office present One Woman, One History: A Conversation with Ida B. Wells on Wednesday, March 5, 6:30, at the Procrastinator Theater at Montana State University, Bozeman.
At the Crossroads of Freedom and EqualityAmanda Carter
A presentation for Black History Month 2013 that will be on display on the first floor of Franklin Library, Fisk University throughout the month of February. This file was updated on February 21, 2013. As seen by the sources on the last page of the presentation, there are a selection of songs and speech excerpts that play along with this but could not be uploaded here. I apologize for the inconvenience.
Women, Schooling, and the Fight for Social ChangeSeaberg
The document summarizes the lives and accomplishments of five pioneering women in education: Ella Flagg Young, Marietta Louise Pierce Johnson, Anna Julia Cooper. Ella Flagg Young overcame obstacles to become the first female superintendent of Chicago Public Schools. She reformed school policies to be more democratic and child-centered. Marietta Johnson founded the Organic School with no grades or tests and emphasized learning through experience. Anna Julia Cooper fought for African American women's education rights and advocated that educating black women would improve the whole community.
Based on the passage, Sojourner Truth changed her name from 'Isabella' because:
A. she was convinced God called her to wander the country and speak the truth.
The passage states in paragraph 3 that "In 1843, Isabella took the name Sojourner Truth, convinced that God had called on her to wander the country and boldly speak out the truth."
This document contains images and information about 5 pioneering women in the women's rights movement: Myra Bradwell, who was denied a license to practice law despite being otherwise qualified; Virginia Minor, who sued for the right to vote and took her case to the Supreme Court; Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, an African American abolitionist and suffragist; Susan B. Anthony, a prominent leader in the women's suffrage movement who was arrested for voting illegally as a woman; and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a leading figure in the early women's rights movement who organized the first Women's Rights Convention in 1848.
Slavery began in America in 1619 and spread throughout the colonies, where African slaves helped build the nation's economic foundations. By the 18th century, millions of slaves had been imported from Africa. The invention of the cotton gin in 1793 cemented the importance of slavery to the Southern economy. Most slaves lived on plantations and were subject to oppressive laws that prohibited education and tightly controlled their lives. The abolitionist movement gained strength in the 1830s-1860s, led by activists like Frederick Douglass and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The American Civil War erupted over slavery and states' rights, ultimately leading to emancipation through Lincoln's 1863 proclamation and the 13th Amendment in 1865. However
This document outlines the topics covered in Lecture 16 on the American Civil War. It discusses: I) Emancipation, including the ideology of free labor, contraband slaves, emancipation attempts, the Emancipation Proclamation, African American soldiers, and the 13th Amendment. II) Important battles such as Antietam, Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Sherman's March. III) The home front, including economic policy, suspension of habeas corpus, and the role of Northern women.
African-American History ~ Reconstruction SlidesChad David Cover
The Civil War destroyed the Southern economy and way of life. Reconstruction dealt with readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union and establishing rights for the freed black population. There were competing plans for Reconstruction between Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans in Congress. Congressional Reconstruction established new civil rights and voting laws over President Johnson's opposition, leading to the first biracial governments in the country. However, Reconstruction was resisted in the South through violence and intimidation, and Northern support waned over time, allowing Southern whites to reassert control in a process known as "Redemption."
The document discusses the history of women's emancipation in the United States. It begins by explaining the origins of the concept of emancipation in the 18th century Enlightenment and French Revolution. It then discusses the status of indigenous women and Puritan women in early American history. The main part of the document outlines the major events and figures in the American women's rights movement from the 1840s to the 1920s, including the Seneca Falls Convention, Susan B. Anthony, and the passage of women's suffrage in 1920. It concludes that emancipation remains an ongoing subject even after women's right to vote was achieved.
Women have made significant advances in journalism over the past two centuries. In the 18th-19th centuries, some women inherited and ran businesses when their husbands died. In the 19th century, women wrote about social and political causes like abolition and suffrage. Their writing style was conversational and sentimental. As more women became literate, the number of female readers and journalists grew. While progress has been made, women still face some challenges in fields like sports journalism and as foreign correspondents.
The Harlem Renaissance was a period in the 1920s-1940s when there was a flowering of African American culture, especially in Harlem, New York. Many African Americans had migrated north during the Great Migration to escape racism and find jobs. Artists drew inspiration from African and jazz styles and sought to express their own African American identity and experiences. Key artists featured paintings, sculptures, writings and more that explored themes of African American life and history and influenced 20th century art for decades. The Great Depression eventually ended the Harlem Renaissance by the late 1930s but its impact on African American culture has endured.
The document discusses the Ashcan School, a group of realist artists in the early 20th century who painted scenes of daily life in New York City. It profiles several prominent Ashcan School artists including Robert Henri, George Bellows, William Glackens, George Luks, Everett Shinn, and John Sloan. It also discusses the photographers Jacob Riis and Lewis Hine who documented urban poverty and advocated for social reform through their photos. The document provides biographical details on the artists and analyzes some of their notable works which depicted common people and scenes of city streets, tenements, and working class life.
This document provides an overview of mid-19th century art and architecture, focusing on the rise of realism alongside technological developments of the Industrial Revolution. Key points include:
- The increasing use of iron in architecture, seen in buildings like the Crystal Palace and Eiffel Tower, enabled new construction possibilities.
- Realist works depicted everyday subjects and the working classes in a truthful, unidealized manner. Artists included Courbet, Millet, Daumier, Eakins, and Homer.
- Photography influenced realism by providing reference for accurate depictions.
- Developments in transportation like trains contributed to industrial and economic changes in society.
- The Arts and Crafts movement
The document provides an overview of major art movements from Romanticism through Postmodernism, highlighting some of the key features and influential artists of each period. Romanticism emphasized imagination, nature, and the individual. Realism sought to depict everyday life realistically. Impressionism focused on capturing fleeting moments and effects of light. Modernism emerged in response to World War I and industrialization, with Cubism and abstract works shown in the influential 1913 Armory Show. Postmodernism saw the rise of Pop Art, using consumer culture imagery, and feminist art challenging social norms.
The document provides an overview of major art movements from Romanticism through Postmodernism, highlighting some of the key features and influential artists of each period. Romanticism emphasized imagination, nature, and the individual. Realism sought to depict everyday life realistically. Impressionism focused on capturing fleeting moments and effects of light. Modernism emerged in response to World War I and industrialization, with Cubism and abstract works questioning artistic conventions. Postmodernism saw the rise of Pop Art reflecting mass culture and feminist artists addressing gender issues.
The document provides details about the 1864 painting "Purple and Rose: The Lange Leizen of the Six Marks" by American artist James Abbott McNeill Whistler. The painting depicts Whistler's mistress Joanna Hiffernan posing in a Chinese-style robe, surrounded by Chinese porcelain and other decor. It reflects Whistler's interest in Japanese and Chinese aesthetics and his belief that art should be appreciated solely for its visual qualities rather than for narrative or moral messages.
Art1100 LVA 21_4 American Modernism onlineDan Gunn
The document discusses several American art movements from the early 20th century including Regionalism, Modernism, and the Harlem Renaissance. It provides background on Regionalist artists like Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton who depicted rural Midwest scenes. It also summarizes the influential 1913 Armory Show which introduced Modernist works to American audiences and the role of Alfred Stieglitz in promoting Modernism through his 291 gallery in New York City, giving early exhibitions to Georgia O'Keeffe and Marsden Hartley among others. Finally, it outlines the Harlem Renaissance period when talented African American artists and thinkers produced prominent works in Harlem amid the Great Migration and New Negro movement.
51bc studies, no. 78, Summer 3A Nation of Artists” .docxblondellchancy
51bc studies, no. 78, Summer 3
“A Nation of Artists”:
Alice R avenhill and the Society for
the Furtherance of British Columbia
Indian Arts and Crafts
L i Ly n n Wa n *
In 1996, Bill Reid sold a bronze sculpture to the Vancouver International Airport Authority for $3 million, making him the highest-paid Canadian artist to that date. An image of this
sculpture, The Spirit of Haida Gwaii, adorned the Canadian twenty-
dollar bill from 2004 until 2012, and the original casting of the sculpture
stands in front of the Canadian Embassy in Washington, DC. Reid’s
journey to this position as a Haida artist and Canadian icon provides
some insight into the often contradictory role of indigenous imagery in
visual representations of Canadian culture and identity. While Reid’s
work was certainly inspired by his ancestral ties, he learned technique
in a jewellery-making course at the Ryerson Institute of Technology in
Toronto, and he learned the fundamentals of Northwest Coast design
from two books, in particular. One of these books is the American
museum director Robert Bruce Inverarity’s Art of the Northwest Coast
Indians, which was published in 1950; the other is Alice Ravenhill’s
A Corner Stone of Canadian Culture: An Outline of the Arts and Crafts of
the Indian Tribes of British Columbia.1
* Research for this article was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
of Canada. Thanks to Shirley Tillotson and Richard Mackie for invaluable guidance and
editorial advice. And to Rebecca Moy-Behre, who taught me arts and crafts – not as an idea
but as a way of life.
1 Alice Ravenhill, A Corner Stone of Canadian Culture: An Outline of the Arts and Crafts of the
Indian Tribes of British Columbia (Victoria: British Columbia Provincial Museum, 1944).
In Tippett’s interpretation, Reid was consistently ambiguous about his identity for the first
twenty years of his career. His decision to promote himself as an “all Indian” artist did not
come about until the 1970s, after he received a Canada Council fellowship. While Reid had
Haida ancestry and ties to the Haida village of Skidegate, and his great-great-uncle, Charles
Edenshaw, as well as his grandfather, Charles Gladstone, were both Haida artists, his mother
was raised to “become more white and less Haida,” and his father was a “white man” in the
frontier of northern British Columbia in the early twentieth century. See Maria Tippett, Bill
Reid: The Making of An Indian (Toronto: Random House, 2003), 31, 25, 67.
bc studies52
The story of Alice Ravenhill, who spearheaded an arts and crafts
revival in British Columbia in the 1930s, is an important one to tell, and
not only because of her influence on Reid’s career. As Ronald Hawker
has shown, Ravenhill’s work was incorporated into the Indian education
system in both residential and day schools throughout the province.2
By the 1940s, the notion of indigenous peoples being what Ravenhill
described ...
51bc studies, no. 78, Summer 3A Nation of Artists” .docxfredharris32
51bc studies, no. 78, Summer 3
“A Nation of Artists”:
Alice R avenhill and the Society for
the Furtherance of British Columbia
Indian Arts and Crafts
L i Ly n n Wa n *
In 1996, Bill Reid sold a bronze sculpture to the Vancouver International Airport Authority for $3 million, making him the highest-paid Canadian artist to that date. An image of this
sculpture, The Spirit of Haida Gwaii, adorned the Canadian twenty-
dollar bill from 2004 until 2012, and the original casting of the sculpture
stands in front of the Canadian Embassy in Washington, DC. Reid’s
journey to this position as a Haida artist and Canadian icon provides
some insight into the often contradictory role of indigenous imagery in
visual representations of Canadian culture and identity. While Reid’s
work was certainly inspired by his ancestral ties, he learned technique
in a jewellery-making course at the Ryerson Institute of Technology in
Toronto, and he learned the fundamentals of Northwest Coast design
from two books, in particular. One of these books is the American
museum director Robert Bruce Inverarity’s Art of the Northwest Coast
Indians, which was published in 1950; the other is Alice Ravenhill’s
A Corner Stone of Canadian Culture: An Outline of the Arts and Crafts of
the Indian Tribes of British Columbia.1
* Research for this article was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
of Canada. Thanks to Shirley Tillotson and Richard Mackie for invaluable guidance and
editorial advice. And to Rebecca Moy-Behre, who taught me arts and crafts – not as an idea
but as a way of life.
1 Alice Ravenhill, A Corner Stone of Canadian Culture: An Outline of the Arts and Crafts of the
Indian Tribes of British Columbia (Victoria: British Columbia Provincial Museum, 1944).
In Tippett’s interpretation, Reid was consistently ambiguous about his identity for the first
twenty years of his career. His decision to promote himself as an “all Indian” artist did not
come about until the 1970s, after he received a Canada Council fellowship. While Reid had
Haida ancestry and ties to the Haida village of Skidegate, and his great-great-uncle, Charles
Edenshaw, as well as his grandfather, Charles Gladstone, were both Haida artists, his mother
was raised to “become more white and less Haida,” and his father was a “white man” in the
frontier of northern British Columbia in the early twentieth century. See Maria Tippett, Bill
Reid: The Making of An Indian (Toronto: Random House, 2003), 31, 25, 67.
bc studies52
The story of Alice Ravenhill, who spearheaded an arts and crafts
revival in British Columbia in the 1930s, is an important one to tell, and
not only because of her influence on Reid’s career. As Ronald Hawker
has shown, Ravenhill’s work was incorporated into the Indian education
system in both residential and day schools throughout the province.2
By the 1940s, the notion of indigenous peoples being what Ravenhill
described .
The document summarizes the history of Native American art on paper from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. It describes how Plains Indian men originally recorded exploits on robes and clothing, then adopted paper and pencils from Europeans/Americans. Ledger art developed using traders' accounting books. Later, the Kiowa Six artists and students at the Santa Fe Indian School developed distinctive styles in the early 20th century, influencing later Native artists to embrace individualism rather than prescribed styles. The document outlines the development of Native art traditions across different regions.
The document summarizes key aspects of Canadian art history. It discusses the first national art organization that formed after Canada gained independence, and how artists had diverse backgrounds including many new immigrants. It profiles several influential Canadian artists such as Paul Kane who documented Indigenous peoples of the northwest, and Robert Bateman who specialized in wildlife painting and found inspiration from the Group of Seven. The document provides context on the development of Canadian art styles from Romanticism to Realism over time.
The Harlem Renaissance was a period between 1918-1930s when there was a flourishing of African American artistic, social, and political activity centered in Harlem, New York. Many black artists, writers, musicians and intellectuals moved to Harlem during the Great Migration to escape racism in the South and take advantage of more opportunities in Northern cities. Notable figures included writers Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes, visual artists Aaron Douglas and Augusta Savage, and musicians like Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington. The Harlem Renaissance gave black artists pride in representing the black experience and set the stage for the civil rights movement.
While abstract expressionism dominated the mainstream art world in the 1950s, many American artists continued to work in a figurative style that had been marginalized, such as Edward Hopper, Norman Rockwell, Andrew Wyeth, Fairfield Porter, Milton Avery, and Larry Rivers, whose controversial paintings pushed boundaries through their subject matter and styles. On the west coast, the Bay Area Figurative School emerged, including David Parks and Richard Diebenkorn, while in Chicago, Leon Golub produced tortured figurative images dealing with psychological and political themes. These artists demonstrated that figurative art still had an important role to play despite the
Stass Paraskos was a pioneer of modern art in Cyprus. But he was also a significant figure in the British art world of the 1950s and 1960s. As well as teaching at the radical art school Leeds College of Art, he was prosecuted by the British police in 1966 for displaying obscene paintings. The trial was an international cause celebre that led to a change in the law on obscenity and the arts in Britain. Paraskos was the founder of the first art school in Cyprus, the Cyprus College of Art, in 1969, and in his own work he chronicled the traumas of Cyprus, from its difficult birth out of the British Empire and colonialism, through its civil war and invasion by Turkey in 1974, to the inhuman treatment on the island of women and asylum seekers. Shunned still by the art establishment in Cyprus - the two main modern art galleries in Cyprus, the Leventis Art Museum and the Nicosia Municipal Art Gallery (NiMAC) still refuse to show his work - Paraskos saw himself as a perpetual outsider, a self-proclaimed anarchist who did not believe it was the job of art or artists to toe the line.
Visual arts in Cuba. People to People Program. Jorge G. ArochaUniversity of Havana
This document provides an overview of the visual arts in Cuba, including definitions, themes, and historical periods. It discusses genres such as portraits, landscapes, architecture, and more. Key points include the influence of European styles during colonial times; the development of religious painting in the 17th-18th centuries; and the changing focus of portraits from wealthy officials to heroes and ordinary people after the revolution. The document examines visual arts from colonial to contemporary eras.
The mid-19th century saw major social, economic, and technological changes with the Industrial Revolution that influenced art and architecture. Artists began focusing on realistic depictions of everyday life, especially the working classes, informed by theories like Marxism, Darwinism, and positivism. This led to the development of realist styles like Courbet's in France and Eakins' in the US. New engineering technologies allowed ambitious projects like the Eiffel Tower and Brooklyn Bridge. The Arts and Crafts movement sought to preserve craftsmanship and dignity of labor. Manet's Luncheon on the Grass was a transition to Impressionism's interest in fleeting reality over academic ideals.
Jacob Lawrence was an American painter known for his dynamic cubist style depictions of important Black historical figures and events. Some of his most notable series included 31 paintings on Harriet Tubman and 41 paintings on Toussaint L'Ouverture. Lawrence is also known for his 60-painting series called "The Migration of the Negro" which documented the first large migration of Black people from the rural South to the urban North between 1910-1940. He received recognition as one of the first Black artists trained in the United States and often focused on promoting Black history and culture through his dramatic yet simplified artistic storytelling.
Similar to 19th-Century African American Artists (20)
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
2. Joshua Johnson
• Son of a white man and black slave woman
in Baltimore, Maryland
• Father purchased him at age 19 in 1764
• Released on condition that he learned a
trade (painting)
• Manumission was signed by Colonel John
Moale, who Johnson would paint
• Learned to paint in a popular “folk” style
• Left: Grace Allison McCurdy and Her
Daughters, ca. 1806. Corcoran Gallery of Art
3. Joshua Johnson
Mrs. John Moale (Ellin North) and Ellin North Moale, ca. 1798.
The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum
4. Robert S. Duncanson
• Born free in 1821 in
Fayette, New York
• Family members were skilled
house and sign painters
• Moved to Cincinnati to
“make it” as a fine artist
• Abolitionists supported his
painting landscapes
5. Robert S. Duncanson
Robert S. Duncanson, View of Cincinnati, Ohio from
Covington, Kentucky, 1851. Cincinnati Historical Society.
9. Grafton Tyler Brown
• First African American to chronicle the West
• Born 1841 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
• Trained as a printer in Philadelphia
• Moved to San Francisco around beginning
of Civil War
• Travelled and chronicled the West as printer
and mapmaker
• Painted landscapes in mid-1880s and ‘90s
10. Robert S. Duncanson, Uncle Tom and Little Eva, 1853. Detroit Institute of the Arts.
11. Grafton Tyler Brown, Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone from Hayden Point, 1891.
Oakland Museum.
12. Grafton Tyler Brown, Old Faithful Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, 1887. Stark
Museum of Art.
13. Edward Mitchell Bannister
• Born 1827/1828 in New Brunswick, Canada
• Self-taught as painter
• Moved to Boston and worked in New England
• In touch with contemporary art and poetry
• Influenced by Barbizon School
• Renowned for romantic rural scenes
• Won first-prize at the Philadelphia Centennial
Exposition of 1876
• Founded Providence Art Club in 1878
19. Edmonia Lewis
• Born 1844 in Greenbush, New York from
Hatian and Native American parents
• Went to school at Oberlin
• Achieved fame with portraits of anti-
slavery heroes like John Brown and
Colonel Shaw
• First African American sculptor to achieve
international recognition
• Moved to Rome in 1866
22. Edmonia Lewis, Forever Free, 1866.
Howard University Gallery of Art.
• Sculpted after the Civil War
• Classical sculpture in marble at a
big scale taking on the subject of
African American experience
• Tackling formal problems of two
figures in one work
• Possible allusion to women’s
liberation
23. Neo-classicism
• A style inspired by
ancient Greek and
Roman models
• 18th and 19th Century
emphasis on
enlightenment, reason
and civic life
Horatio Greenough, George Washington, 1840.
National Museum of American History.
29. Henry Ossawa Tanner
• Born in Pittsburgh, PA in 1859
• Mother had escaped slavery through
Underground Railroad
• Learned drawing and painting from life by
Thomas Eakins at Pennsylvania Academy
• Painted genre scenes of family life
• Moved to France in 1891
• Began painting Biblical scenes
• First African American elected to National
Academy
30. Henry O. Tanner, The Banjo Lesson, 1893. Hampton University Art Collection.
31. Henry O. Tanner, The Thankful Poor, 1894. Collection of William H. and Camille Cosby.
32. Henry O. Tanner, The Resurrection of Lazarus, 1896. Musee d’Orsay.
33. Into the 20th Century
Our Negro American painter of outstanding success is Henry O. Tanner. His
career is a case in point. Though a professed painter of types, he has devoted
his art talent mainly to the portrayal of Jewish Biblical types and
subjects, and has never maturely touched the portrayal of the Negro subject.
. . . We ought and must have a school of Negro art, a local and a racially
representative tradition. And that we have not, explains why the generation
of Negro artists succeeding Mr. Tanner had only the inspiration of his great
success to fire their ambitions, but not the guidance of a distinctive tradition
to focus and direct their talents.
Alain Locke, “The Legacy of the Ancestral Arts” (1925)