17 3-1 resistors in series and parallel circuits 2020
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Resistors can be connected in either series or parallel circuits. In a series circuit, there is only one path for current to flow so the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. The current remains the same in all components of a series circuit. In a parallel circuit, there are multiple paths for current to flow so the total resistance is lower than any of the individual resistances. The total current is the sum of the currents in the individual paths of a parallel circuit.
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1. An electric circuit is a continuous conducting path that allows electric current to flow between the terminals of a battery or cell. Current is the flow of electric charge, often carried by electrons in a wire.
2. Potential difference (p.d.) is the work done to move a unit charge between two points in a circuit. It is measured in volts using a voltmeter.
3. Ohm's law states that current is directly proportional to potential difference and inversely proportional to resistance. Resistance depends on the material and dimensions of the conductor as well as temperature.
Circular pararel series
1. The document summarizes an experiment on arranging resistors in series and parallel circuits. The objectives were to learn about and measure current and voltage in such circuits.
2. Key concepts covered include how current and voltage are distributed in series versus parallel circuits based on Ohm's law. In series circuits, the same current flows through each resistor while the voltages add up. In parallel circuits, the same voltage is applied to each resistor while the currents combine.
3. The experiment involved assembling series and parallel circuits on a project board using colored resistors, a power supply, and multimeter. Current and voltage measurements were taken for each circuit and recorded in tables to analyze.
Chapter 7 Electricity
This document provides information about electricity and circuits. It discusses electrostatics, including the production of static electricity through friction. It describes the properties of positive and negative charges and how opposite charges attract and similar charges repel. Circuits are described as being either in series or parallel. Series circuits have current flowing through components one after another, while parallel circuits provide multiple pathways. Ohm's law relating current, voltage and resistance is also explained. Instruments for measuring current and voltage like ammeters and voltmeters are defined.
ec ppt
Okay, here are the steps to solve this problem:
1) The circuit consists of two resistors (R1 and R2) in series. So we can find the total resistance (Rt) by adding the individual resistances:
Rt = R1 + R2
= 2 Ω + 3 Ω
= 5 Ω
2) Use Ohm's Law to calculate the current drawn (I) from the battery:
V = I × R
5 V = I × 5 Ω
I = 5 V/5 Ω
= 1 A
Therefore, the current drawn from the 5 volt battery is 1 Ampere (1 A).
elec_basics (1).ppt
This document provides an introduction to electricity, including its behavior at the atomic level. It discusses how electricity is created through the movement of electrons between atoms. At the atomic level, atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The number of protons determines the element. Electricity flows as electrons move between unfilled valence orbits of atoms. Conductors have atoms with unfilled orbits that allow electron flow, while insulators have filled orbits preventing flow. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in circuits. Circuits can be connected in series or parallel, and Kirchhoff's laws apply to each. Power is the product of current and voltage and measured in watts.
Parallel Circuits
This document discusses parallel circuits. It defines a parallel circuit as one where current divides into two or more paths before recombining. Each load receives the full voltage, and total current equals the sum of branch currents. It provides the formula for calculating total resistance and conductance in parallel circuits as the inverse of the sum of the inverse of individual resistances. The current divider rule states current through a branch is proportional to the ratio of its resistance to total resistance. Applications include household wiring, computer hardware, lighting systems, and power grids.
Series circuit
this is only a description and hoe you are going to compute for the series circuit.....and just to info this is our report in our class in science
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17 3-1 resistors in series and parallel circuits 2020
- 1. Resistors in Series/Parallel HOW WE WIRE THE CIRCUITS
- 2. Series vs Parallel Circuits Series Circuit Electrons only have one path to flow through. Parallel Circuit There are MULTIPLE paths for the current to flow through.
- 5. Series Circuit When electrons have to flow through one part to get to the next part ◦ More components = more resistance ◦ Increase resistance = decrease current (flow) ◦ Less current = less bright bulbs ◦ As voltage increases, current increases
- 6. Series Circuit – Pros & Cons Problems with Series: The more devices (resistors) in a series circuit, the less current passes through (dimmer bulbs). If one resistor breaks (a bulb goes out) the entire series is turned off.
- 7. Series Circuit – Current is the same • The total charge through each resistor per unit time, Q1 , Q2 and Q3 are the same, based on conservation of charge. 𝑸 𝟏 = 𝑸 𝟐 = 𝑸 𝟑 𝑸 𝟏 𝒕 = 𝑸 𝟐 𝒕 = 𝑸 𝟑 𝒕 • The current stays the same in electric components in the same path connecting in series, based on conservation of charges. Ieq = I1 = I2 = I3
- 8. Series Circuit Potential Difference/Voltage Drop • Based on conservation of energy: charges gain energy/potential, and then deliver energy/potential to each resistor/component. Veq = V1+V2+ V3 • According to Ohm’s Law V= IR • Ieq Req = I1 R1+ I2 R2+ I3 R3… • Since Ieq = I1 = I2 = I3 = I I Req = IR1+ IR2+ IR3 Total Resistance = Sum of all resistors in the series Req = R1+R2+ R3
- 9. Series Circuit - Current Current = amount of charge (flow of electrons) ◦ Like the flow of water, A current can't just disappear (appear) ◦ Since only one path if some electrons flow through R1, then they have to continue flowing through R2 and R3. ◦ Since the Current is the same through the entire circuit ◦ IT=I1=I2=I3
- 10. Series Circuit - Voltage Voltage is the electric equivalent of water pressure. ◦ The higher the voltage, the faster electrons will flow through the conductor. Each component has resistance that causes a drop in voltage (reduction in voltage). Total Voltage = The sum of voltages across each series resistors VT = V1 + V2 + V3…
- 11. Series vs Parallel Chart Series Parallel Voltage (V) Vtot = V1 + V2 + V3… Current (I) Itot=I1=I2=I3 Resistance (R) Req = R1+R2+ R3…
- 12. Series Circuit - Example • Given – Vbattery = 12 V – R1 = 50 W, R2 = 100 W,, R3 = 100 W What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit load?
- 14. Parallel Circuit – Pros and Cons Advantages The more resistors in parallel connection, the less total resistance the circuit load has. If one resistor breaks (a bulb goes out) the rest on other routes do not. Problems The more resistors in parallel connection, the higher total current the circuit load has.
- 15. Which is better? Series or Parallel? Parallel Most things are wired in parallel for household items. When there are too many items in parallel, the current increases and energy would be drawn and dissipated faster. Of course, this also increases the risk of fire This is why homes have fuses or circuit breakers. They turn off everything in the circuit when current moves too fast.
- 16. TollBooth Explanation Adding toll booths in series increases resistance and slows the current flow. Adding toll booths in parallel lowers resistance and increases the current flow.
- 18. Parallel Circuit - Current ALL paths are used! ◦ The charge divides up into all branches; Currant slits at the junction ◦ One branch can have more current than another branch (depends on resistance in branch). Total current = sum of current in each path IT = I1 + I2 + I3…
- 19. Parallel Circuit - Voltage • A charge only passes through a single resistor. • Voltage/energy carried by each charge drops across the resistor • In the following circuit, each loop has one resistor. Each charge gains energy from the battery and delivers energy to each resistor. So that, each resistor in each loop gains the same energy/potential • Total voltage = the voltage across each individual resistor VT = V1 = V2 = …
- 20. Parallel Circuit - Resistance • The total current IT = I1 + I2 + I3… • Apply Ohm’s Law: 𝑽 𝑻 𝑹 𝑻 = 𝑽 𝟏 𝑹 𝟏 + 𝑽 𝟐 𝑹 𝟐 + 𝑽 𝟑 𝑹 𝟑 Total voltage = the voltage across each individual resistor VT = V1 = V2= V3… 𝑽 𝑹 𝑻 = 𝑽 𝑹 𝟏 + 𝑽 𝑹 𝟐 + 𝑽 𝑹 𝟑 𝟏 𝑹 𝑻 = 𝟏 𝑹 𝟏 + 𝟏 𝑹 𝟐 + 𝟏 𝑹 𝟑 𝑹 𝑻 = ( 𝟏 𝑹 𝟏 + 𝟏 𝑹 𝟐 + 𝟏 𝑹 𝟑 ) −𝟏
- 21. Series vs Parallel Chart Series Parallel Voltage (V) Vtot = V1 + V2 + V3… Vtot = V1 = V2 = … Current (I) Itot=I1=I2=I3 Itot = I1 + I2 + … Resistance (R) Req = R1+R2+ R3… 1/Req=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3
- 22. Parallel Circuit - Example • Given – Vbattery = 12 V – R1 = 50 W, R2 = 100 W, R3 = 100 W Determine the equivalent resistance of the circuit load.