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NZIPThis document discusses using nanocrystals for optical amplification applications. It describes doping nanoparticles like quantum dots and rare earth ions into polymer matrices for use in optical amplifiers. Quantum dots can be tuned by size and composition to emit light at different wavelengths. Rare earth ions in nanocrystals have narrow emission bands and long lifetimes. The document also discusses synthesizing barium magnesium fluoride nanoparticles doped with luminescent ions and partially aligning them using an electric field for potential use in optical amplification and electro-optic devices.
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Jiba nath dahal thesis final presentation- 07-12-2012
STRUCTURAL, MAGNETIC AND MÖSSBAUER STUDIES OF Dy2Fe17-xZrx, Dy2Fe16Ga1-xZrx AND Gd2Fe16Ga0.5TM0.5 (TM = Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
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Jiba nath dahal thesis final presentation- 07-12-2012
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DLVO theory describes the interaction between colloidal particles in solution. It accounts for both an electrostatic repulsion due to the electric double layer and an attraction due to van der Waals forces. For flocculation to occur, particles must have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the energy barrier created by electrostatic repulsion. Steric stabilization can also prevent flocculation by preventing particles from coming close enough for attractive forces to act. The Hamaker constant quantifies van der Waals attraction and depends on properties of the interacting materials and intervening medium.
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1. There are several types of X-ray cameras used to analyze crystal structures, including Laue, rotating crystal, and powder methods.
2. The Laue method uses a fixed crystal illuminated with white X-rays to determine crystal orientation, while rotating crystal uses a monochromatic beam and crystal rotation to determine structure.
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This document discusses various techniques for crystal structure analysis using diffraction methods, including X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and neutron diffraction. It provides background on the essential physics of Bragg diffraction and scattering. Key topics covered include generating X-rays, basic diffractometer setups, powder and thin film diffraction techniques, and applications such as phase identification and structure determination.
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Homogenizer, Homomixer, Nanodisperser, High Pressure Homogenizer, Nono emulsion, nano dispersion, nano liposome, cell rupture, atomization ,Impact, shear force, cavitation, High pressure Homogenizer system, impact, shear force, cavitation,高压分散机，高压均质机，均质机，超高压均质机，纳米均质分散机，高压纳米均质机， 空化， 剪切
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if you want to post presentation and slides of another topic of your choice then tell me friendly
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Optical properties such as UV/vis spectra and polarizability can be predicted with new features in Materials Studio DMol3 5.5. This presenation provides some background on the implementaiton as well as case studies.
Gixrd
- Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) is a technique that allows analyzing thin film samples by varying the incident angle of the X-rays to change their penetration depth.
- GIXRD provides enhanced signals from thin film layers compared to conventional XRD and helps distinguish thin film peaks from substrate peaks. It can also be used to analyze phases, stress, and crystal structure as a function of depth.
- Examples showed how GIXRD allowed analyzing phase composition and residual stress at different depths in thin film solar cell structures and revealed surface treatment effects in a stainless steel sample.
X ray diffraction
X-ray diffraction is a technique used to analyze the crystal structure of materials. When X-rays strike a crystalline material, they cause the atoms to diffract in predictable patterns. By analyzing these diffraction patterns, properties of the crystal such as its d-spacing and unit cell parameters can be determined. Powder XRD is commonly used, where a sample is finely powdered and exposed to monochromatic X-rays, producing a characteristic diffraction pattern that can identify unknown crystalline materials.
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This document analyzes the characteristics of 1-D photonic crystals with a 2-layer unit cell, with one layer being silicon carbide. Transfer matrix modeling is used to calculate transmission coefficients for different material combinations. Key findings include:
- Silicon/silica photonic crystals have a stop band of 850nm and pass band of 700nm, with a center gap of 1680nm.
- Increasing the number of silicon carbide/silicon unit cells from 10 to 30 produces an actual stop band, with a width of 320nm.
- Silicon carbide/air crystals have the widest stop band of 950nm and a center gap of 1680nm.
- Small refractive
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This document discusses modern pharmaceutical analytical techniques, specifically X-ray diffraction and crystallography. It defines X-ray crystallography and X-ray diffraction, explaining how crystal structures cause diffraction patterns. It describes the seven crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices that define crystal structures. It outlines several applications of X-ray diffraction, including determining unknown crystal structures, analyzing polymers and metals, measuring particle size, and studying complexes.
Me cchapter 4
1) The document provides an overview of key concepts in chemistry including the mole concept, chemical formulas and equations, and different types of chemical reactions.
2) It explains that the mole is a unit used to measure amounts of substances and is equal to 6.022x1023 particles. Molar mass refers to the mass of one mole of a substance.
3) Chemical equations are used to represent chemical reactions and must satisfy the law of conservation of mass by being balanced with the same number and type of atoms on each side of the reaction arrow.
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Basics of-xrd
This document provides information about x-ray diffraction (XRD) training classes and basics of XRD. It outlines several safety and operation training sessions on specific dates for the x-ray diffraction equipment. It also provides a brief overview of key x-ray diffraction concepts including Bragg's law, diffraction patterns from single crystal and polycrystalline samples, diffraction geometries, phase identification using databases, and applications like determining crystal structure and strain.
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-ray diffraction was discovered by Max von Laue and works by detecting the scattering pattern of X-rays passing through a crystal. The document discusses how X-rays are scattered based on the arrangement of atoms in the crystal according to Bragg's law, which states that constructive interference occurs when the path difference of X-rays reflected from crystal planes is equal to an integer multiple of the wavelength. Common XRD methods include Laue diffraction, rotating crystal diffraction, and powder crystal diffraction. XRD is useful for determining crystal structures, identifying materials, and analyzing properties like purity and crystallinity.
X ray diffraction
X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) is a technique used in the pharmaceutical industry to analyze crystal structures. It involves using x-rays to diffract off the planes of atoms in a crystal. By analyzing the angles and intensities of the diffracted x-rays, properties of the crystal such as its unit cell, polymorphism, purity, and compatibility with excipients can be determined. These properties have important implications for drug development, manufacturing, and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Characterization Of Layered Structures By X Ray Diffraction Techniques
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Effect of Pressure on the Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles using
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QUANTIFY DNA CONCENTRATION SOLUTION BY SPECTROPHOTOMETER
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Characteristics analysis of silicon carbide based 1-D Photonic crystal with 2...
Characteristics analysis of silicon carbide based 1-D Photonic crystal with 2...
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Types of Crystals and Application of X-ray Diffraction
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Betel leaves
This document discusses betel leaves and their use as an herbal medicine. It provides details on the morphology, classification, and nutrition value of betel leaves. Some key points mentioned are that betel leaves originate from South and Southeast Asia, they are high in water, protein, vitamins, and minerals. The document also discusses how betel leaves can be used to treat various diseases and conditions like bad breath, boils, and constipation. It provides information on properties of betel leaves like their anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-cancer properties. Finally, it notes some effects of chewing betel leaves such as increased alertness, sweating and a hot sensation.
Quantum Dots
- Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles that exhibit unique optical and electronic properties due to their small size (around 4 million dots fit in a 2cm area).
- Current research is investigating applications for quantum dots in areas like displays, solar cells, computer storage, and programmable matter. Quantum dot displays could produce richer colors than LCDs and be integrated into flexible or multi-purpose screens. Quantum dot solar cells may lead to higher efficiency photovoltaics.
- The future potential applications of quantum dots include foldable or color-changing screens, invisible solar coatings, vastly increased computer storage capacity, and materials with customizable properties through electron manipulation at the quantum level.
Introduction to nanophotonics
This document provides an introduction to the field of nanophotonics. It defines nanophotonics as the science and engineering of light-matter interactions that take place on wavelength and subwavelength scales. Examples of nanophotonics in nature are discussed. The foundations of nanophotonics are explored, including similarities between the propagation of photons and electrons. Computational methods for modeling nanophotonic structures like finite difference time domain are also summarized. The effects of quantum confinement on the optical properties of nanostructures are described.
Quantum dots ppt
By-AMIT SINGH SAHRAWAT(HARITA)helps in oral paper presentation in various seminars or conferences on the subject of quantum dots,best of luck
Thermal Degradation of PMMA
The document discusses the thermal degradation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). It states that PMMA degrades through depolymerization at temperatures above 300°C via radical chain reactions. The main reactions involved are initiation, depropagation, and termination, leading to a reduction in molecular weight and changes in physical properties. PMMA degradation yields methyl methacrylate monomer as the primary volatile product.
PMMA
Acrylics are a family of transparent plastics that include polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). PMMA was first synthesized in 1877 and commercialized in the 1930s for uses like aircraft canopies. It is produced through radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. PMMA has good clarity, weatherability, and scratch resistance but limited chemical resistance. It finds wide use in glazing, lighting, medical devices, and coatings. Other acrylics include polyacrylamide, used as a flocculant and soil conditioner, and sodium polyacrylate, a super absorbent polymer used in diapers and water-retention products.
Thermal degradation ppt of polymers
Thermal degradation of polymers occurs when heat causes polymers to lose desirable properties through mechanisms like initiation, propagation, and termination of degradation reactions. Initiation involves loss of hydrogen from the polymer chain forming reactive radicals. Propagation involves these radicals reacting with oxygen and removing hydrogen from other chains. Termination occurs when radicals combine or are stabilized. Thermal degradation can happen through depolymerization, random chain scission, or side group elimination depending on the polymer. Methods like TGA, DTA, and DSC are used to study the mechanisms and reactions, and stabilizers or inert environments can help remedy degradation.
Polymer degradation
Polymer degradation is the breakdown of polymers or plastics into smaller molecules due to effects of heat, light, chemicals, or biological activity. There are several types of polymer degradation including photodegradation caused by light, thermal degradation caused by heat, chemical degradation through processes like hydrolysis and solvolysis using acids/bases, and biological degradation by microorganisms. Biodegradable polymers can break down through biological processes to give smaller molecules but require proper conditions like in compost to fully degrade.
Quantum dots ppt
Quantum dots are semiconductor nanoparticles that confine electrons and holes in all three dimensions. They are made using different methods like lithography, colloidal synthesis, or epitaxy. Quantum dots have discrete energy levels that depend on their size and shape. They have potential applications in solar cells, LEDs, bioimaging, drug delivery, and anti-counterfeiting due to their tunable light emission properties.
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Light curing units
This document discusses light curing units used in dentistry to polymerize resin-based composites. It describes the advantages of light curing over self-curing composites. The key components of light curing units and different types are outlined, including quartz tungsten halogen, plasma arc, laser and LED lights. Factors that influence curing such as distance, exposure time, techniques and temperature rise are summarized. General considerations for use and maintenance of light curing units are also provided.
7 imaging
Quantum dots have unique spectral properties that make them useful fluorescent probes for cellular imaging. They can be made water-soluble and conjugated to biomolecules for targeting specific cells and structures. Quantum dots have advantages over traditional fluorescent probes like greater photostability and the ability to multiplex imaging. They have been used for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications like labeling cancer cells, visualizing capillaries and receptors, and observing subcellular structures in real-time. While useful imaging tools, quantum dots have limitations like potential toxicity that must be addressed for in vivo use.
APS march meeting 2012
The document reports on an ARPES microscopy study of free-standing bilayer graphene. Key findings include:
1) Bilayer graphene samples were prepared by mechanical exfoliation on 5μm wells and studied using ARPES microscopy between 110-300K.
2) Analysis of ARPES data using a tight-binding model found the Fermi velocity to be 1.003-1.042×106 m/s, interlayer asymmetry Δ/2 = 48-56 meV, and interlayer coupling γ1 = 0.6-0.611 eV.
3) Additional trilayer graphene was studied at room temperature using a 74eV photon energy, showing a doped sample with a 350
sizedependentproperties.pptx
This document discusses the classification and properties of nanomaterials. It begins by describing the different types of nanomaterials based on dimensionality - zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional. It then explains how the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, such as melting point, band gap, mechanical strength, and optical absorption, are dependent on their size and shape due to increased surface area and quantum effects. The document concludes by discussing how electrical conductivity and other electronic properties are also influenced by the nanoscale dimensions.
Flash presentation inorganic nanoflam (2)
The document discusses nanocomposite flame retardants (Nanoflam). Nanoflam uses nanoparticles that can reduce polymer flammability by decreasing heat release rate and increasing flame-out ability. It produces textile coatings and membranes that provide fire retardation through hydrophobic or thermal barrier coatings. The document describes different nanocomposite structures including immiscible, intercalated, and exfoliated, and techniques to characterize them including TEM, XRD, and NMR. It shows heat release rate is lower for nanocomposites containing iron compared to pure polystyrene, indicating better flame retardation. Past halogen flame retardants caused environmental issues but nanocomposites provide an alternative while significantly improving fire safety
Transmission Electron Microscope_Lecture1.pptx
The transmission electron microscope can be used to image microstructural features at high magnifications, perform elemental analysis, and determine crystal structures. Samples must be thinly sectioned or ion milled to be electron transparent. Imaging techniques like bright field and dark field are used to reveal structural features based on diffraction contrast. Selected area diffraction patterns can be indexed to identify crystal structures and orientations. The transmission electron microscope thus provides valuable microscopic and crystallographic information about materials at high resolution.
Solid State Lasers and Applns_RK.pdf
This document provides an overview of solid state lasers, including their basic working principles and components. It discusses several representative solid state lasers such as ruby, Nd:YAG, Nd:glass, alexandrite, and Ti:sapphire lasers. The ruby laser was the first laser developed in 1960. Nd:YAG lasers can operate continuously or at high repetition rates and are more efficient than ruby lasers. Tunable solid state lasers like alexandrite and Ti:sapphire lasers produce output over a range of wavelengths due to vibronic transitions between electronic and vibrational energy levels.
Light curing units - Dr. JAGADEESH KODITHYALA
This document discusses composite light curing units. It begins by introducing light activated resin systems and the advantages of light cure composites over self cure. It describes the components of light cure composites including camphorquinone and amine activators. The document then covers the characteristics of curing light, types of light curing units including quartz tungsten halogen, plasma arc, laser and LED lights. It discusses factors that influence polymerization such as exposure time, irradiance, and techniques like continuous and discontinuous curing.
CHEMISTRY OF NANOSCALE MATERIALS
This document discusses the chemistry of nanoscale materials including their synthesis, properties, and applications. Key points include:
- Nanoparticles exhibit unusual properties due to their small size such as changes in melting points, optical properties, and surface reactivity.
- Semiconductor nanoparticles known as quantum dots exhibit quantum confinement effects which alter their band gap.
- Common synthetic methods for nanoparticles include chemical reduction, sonochemistry, and electrochemical routes. Stabilization is needed to prevent aggregation.
- Dendrimers can template the synthesis of metal nanoclusters within their cores. Monitoring by UV-vis spectroscopy allows observation of cluster formation.
Radioisotopes and dose rates used for brachytherapy
Radioisotopes and dose rates used for brachytherapy
This is the seminar about different radioisotopes used in brachytherapy beginning from radium to iradium and different dose rates, low dose rate, high dose rate used in brachytherapy. The significance of different dose rates and its radiobiology along with the clinical results.
Filters grids and collimators
This document discusses x-ray filters, beam restrictors, grids, and grid selection for radiography. It explains that filters like aluminum and heavy metals are used to absorb higher energy photons. Beam restrictors like cones and collimators regulate the size and shape of the x-ray beam. Grids reduce scatter radiation and improve contrast. The two main grid patterns are linear and crossed grids. Grid selection depends on kVp, with 8:1 grids below 90 kVp and 12:1 grids above 90 kVp. An air gap technique is an alternative that increases focus-film distance to eliminate scatter.
Laser and it's clinical application
The document discusses lasers, including their principle, construction, types, and uses. It begins by explaining that a laser works by stimulating electrons to produce coherent and monochromatic photons through population inversion. The key components of a laser are a pump source to cause excitation, a gain medium such as gas or solid, and an optical resonator with mirrors. Common medical lasers described include CO2, Nd:YAG, diode, and excimer lasers used for procedures like photocoagulation, photodisruption, and photoablation. Industrial and scientific uses as well as laser safety are also covered at a high level.
Lasers in ophthalmology
This document provides an overview of lasers used in ophthalmology. It discusses the basic properties and types of lasers and their applications in treating different parts of the eye, including the skin, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous, and retina. Specific lasers are used to perform procedures like photocoagulation, capsulotomy, trabeculoplasty, and cyclophotocoagulation. The document also covers laser-tissue interactions and lenses used to deliver laser treatment to different ocular structures.
Hybrid Graphene and Carbon Nanotube Thin Films
Presentation for my masters project on the synthesis and characterisation of hybrid graphene and carbon nanotube thin films.
Nanotechnology In Bio Medical Applications
Nanotechnology involves creating and manipulating materials at the nanoscale, between 1-100 nanometers. At this scale, materials exhibit unique properties due to increased surface area to volume ratio and quantum mechanical effects. Some examples include enhanced chemical reactivity, color changes with particle size, and size-dependent melting points and conductivity. The document provides background on nanotechnology and an overview of how properties change at the nanoscale.
Birefringence measurements
This document discusses techniques for measuring birefringence in optical fibers. Birefringence is the difference in refractive indices for different polarization states. The beat length is the distance over which a state of polarization repeats and can be used to characterize birefringence. Several methods are presented: Rayleigh scattering detects polarization-dependent scattering patterns; magneto-optic modulation applies a magnetic field to induce birefringence; prism coupling couples light out of the fiber at angles related to propagation constants; and wavelength scanning analyzes modulation patterns with wavelength to determine beat length and birefringence. Each technique is described along with relevant setup diagrams.
Infrared spectroscopy
This document discusses various analytical techniques used to analyze materials, with a focus on infrared spectroscopy. It provides an overview of infrared spectroscopy, describing what it analyzes, the infrared regions, how molecules absorb infrared radiation based on wavelength and dipole moment changes, and the different types of molecular vibrations that can be observed. It also outlines the typical components of an infrared spectrometer and different techniques for preparing samples for infrared analysis.
Similar to 16.40 o4 s janssens (20)
A Diamond is Forever: High Pressure Experiments using Designer Diamond Anvils
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14.25 o14 i islah u-din
The document summarizes research on implanting alkali metal atoms into nanosized cavities within metal oxide-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The research aims to synthesize tungsten or molybdenum oxide hybrids, implant metals like sodium, calcium or potassium via ion implantation, and characterize the materials' structures before and after implantation. Physical property measurements of resistivity on bulk samples and thick films are also discussed. The goal is to induce insulator-to-metal transitions and incorporate charge carriers through metal ion doping within the small cavities of these hybrid host materials.
14.04 o14 r millane
1) The myosin lattice in vertebrate muscle exhibits rotational disorder that can be modeled as a geometrically frustrated system like the triangular Ising antiferromagnet.
2) Electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction imaging techniques were used to directly image and characterize the disorder in the myosin lattice.
3) Computational models incorporating triangular Ising antiferromagnet disorder were able to simulate the observed x-ray diffraction patterns from muscle tissue.
13.15 o14.2 m elbohouty
1. The document discusses measuring the electrical conductivity of brain tissue using different methods, finding values ranging from 0.01 to 0.7 S/m.
2. A 1D method using a syringe produced the most encouraging results so far.
3. Further studies aim to measure conductivity changes before, during, and after seizure-like events in mouse cortex to explore links between seizures and conductivity.
12.45 o14 s hendy
Carbon nanotubes are grown using chemical vapor deposition with a metal catalyst particle. Simulations show the carbon nanotube cap controls the chirality and diameter of the grown nanotube. For a nanotube to lift off and grow, the radius of the catalyst particle must be within a specific range determined by the particle's contact angle. The energetics of cap formation and lift off can be modeled and show good agreement with molecular dynamics simulations. Understanding how the cap detaches from the particle may allow controlling the chirality of the grown carbon nanotube.
14.25 o15 b ingham
The document summarizes a study that used synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) to characterize the local atomic structure of nickel-carbon catalyst materials with varying nickel concentrations (5-44% nickel). XRD showed different crystalline phases present before and after electrochemical treatment. EXAFS identified three structural regions - "Low" (5% Ni, large Ni-C bonds), "Medium" (11-24% Ni, mixture of Ni-Ni, Ni-C bonds), and "High" (35-44% Ni, crystalline Ni3C phase). The "High" Ni samples changed most after treatment, dissolving the Ni3C phase, while
14.05 o15 g willmott
This document summarizes research on dynamics at the nano- and microfluidic scale. It discusses topics like wetting, capillaries, droplets and surfaces. It also describes resistive pulse sensing to analyze translocations through nanopores and a semi-analytic model to understand the resistive pulse shape from such events. Finally, it acknowledges collaborators and funding sources for the research.
13.45 o15 n winch
This document summarizes a new technique for x-ray imaging using a consumer grade digital SLR camera and reusable storage phosphor plates. It finds that the resolution of x-ray images captured with this method is comparable to laser scanning of storage phosphor plates. Additionally, this allows for portable and low-cost x-ray imaging. However, the sensitivity is still relatively low and needs further improvement. Future work includes additional field testing of the technique.
12.45 o15 m bartle
1) Combined fast neutron and dual energy gamma ray transmission (NEUDEG) measurements can non-invasively assess materials by taking advantage of each modality's sensitivities.
2) Dual energy x-ray systems resolve the transmitted x-ray beams in separate detectors to determine composition based on differing photon absorption properties of elements at different energies.
3) Industrial applications of NEUDEG and dual energy x-ray systems face challenges related to detector size and cost limitations, radiation shielding difficulties, and unreliable pulse shape discrimination electronics in industrial settings.
16.20 o11 b mallett
This document summarizes research on the effects of pressure on high-temperature superconductors. It includes figures showing the basic cuprate structure and phase diagrams. Key findings discussed are that undoped cuprates are anti-ferromagnetic insulators, and applying pressure can tune the antiferromagnetic superexchange strength and increase the superconducting transition temperature. Caveats mentioned are that the effects of pressure may depend on doping level and anisotropic pressure could have different impacts than hydrostatic pressure.
15.30 o11 m reid
1. The document studies excitons and traps in rare-earth materials like Yb2+ doped CaF2 and SrF2 using a free-electron laser (FEL) combined with ultraviolet excitation.
2. Excitation creates an excitonic state where the excited electron becomes delocalized, leading to bond length changes and broad, red-shifted emission bands.
3. FEL excitation of the excitonic state is used to probe trap liberation, showing enhanced emission even after exciton decay, relevant to applications like phosphors.
16.40 o10 d wiltshire
This document summarizes David Wiltshire's timescape cosmology, an alternative to the standard cosmological model that accounts for large scale inhomogeneities in the universe. It proposes that spatial curvature gradients between overdense walls and underdense voids can lead to differences in the calibration of clocks and rulers between local observers and globally averaged observers. Several observational tests are discussed that provide tentative support for the timescape scenario over LambdaCDM, including supernova luminosity distances, baryon acoustic oscillations, and predictions of Hubble flow variance.
16.00 o10 h silverwood
This document discusses supersymmetric dark matter and its potential detection by the IceCube neutrino observatory. It introduces the neutralino as a dark matter candidate particle arising from supersymmetry. Neutralinos could accumulate in celestial bodies like the Sun due to gravitational interactions and weak/gravitational forces. Their annihilation could produce neutrino signals detectable by IceCube. The document outlines scans of the parameter space of the MSSM-25 supersymmetric model to identify regions favored by dark matter relic density and predict event rates and likelihoods for IceCube. The goal is to interpret any neutrino signals IceCube detects in terms of supersymmetric dark matter models.
14.40 o8 s wimbush
This document summarizes research on flux pinning in defect-engineered superconductors. It discusses how flux pinning is determined by a material's microstructure and how it relates to critical current density. The vortex path model is introduced, which considers the statistical population of pinned vortex paths through a sample. Pulsed laser deposited YBCO thin films are examined, showing a broad in-plane peak that results from large-scale through-thickness defects, rather than mass anisotropy. Films with Ba2YNbO6 additions are also summarized, demonstrating enhanced c-axis pinning from nanorods in the material.
16.20 o10 p chote
This document discusses pulsating white dwarf stars and the Puoko-nui CCD Photometer instrument used to study them. It provides an overview of pulsating white dwarfs, explaining that they are slowly cooling stellar remnants that pulsate due to non-radial pulsations within their interior. The Puoko-nui instrument is described as a portable CCD photometer with a frame transfer design, located at Mount John Observatory, that is used to obtain time series photometry of pulsating white dwarfs. Light curves of target stars are generated through data reduction steps including preprocessing, aperture photometry, and Fourier analysis.
15.30 o10 p cottrell
Globular clusters can be used to test theories of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis by studying the variations in elements like carbon, nitrogen, sodium, and s-process and r-process elements within their stars. The author conducts high and medium resolution spectroscopic studies of stars in globular clusters like 47 Tucanae and Omega Centauri to infer elemental abundances and plans to extend this work to other clusters using instruments on telescopes like SALT.
14.20 o8 c gaedtke
The document describes the development of a new fibre optic dosimeter using fluoroperovskite materials. These materials were characterized through photoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, and radioluminescence studies. The dosimeter was tested at a linear accelerator and showed a linear response to radiation dose, demonstrating potential for radiation monitoring applications.
14.00 o8 j stephen
This document discusses the effect of electronic doping on the magnetic and thermoelectric properties of Ba2FeMoO6. It summarizes that electron doping does not significantly impact the antisite disorder in Ba2FeMoO6. The thermopower of Ba2FeMoO6 changes with lanthanum doping. Additionally, Ba2FeMoO6 exhibits a magnetothermopower effect.
13.00 o8 g williams
FeSr2Y2-yCeyCu2O8+x exhibits spin glass behavior with a transition around 24K. It has a negative Curie-Weiss temperature, suggesting antiferromagnetic interactions between Fe ions. The material is likely semiconducting. FeSr2YCu2O6+x can become superconducting with a Tc of 64K but doping reduces Tc, possibly due to Fe pair breaking. It also shows antiferromagnetic interactions and an effective magnetic moment that suggests a mixture of Fe oxidation states.
14.40 o7 d sullivan
The document provides a brief history of the discovery and theoretical development of white dwarf stars from 1915 to the present. It begins by discussing how white dwarfs were first identified in 1915 and the early quantum mechanical theories developed in the 1920s to explain their structure. It then summarizes several important discoveries and theoretical advances over subsequent decades, including the prediction of a maximum white dwarf mass in 1932, the discovery of the first pulsating white dwarf in 1964, and the establishment of the Whole Earth Telescope in 1990 to facilitate extended observations of pulsating white dwarfs.
14.20 o7 r davies
1) The document analyzes cloud height data from 2000-2010 from the MISR instrument to study changes that may impact climate.
2) Global average cloud heights decreased by about 45 meters over this period, similar to the estimated effect of increased CO2 levels.
3) A major decrease in heights occurred during the strong 2007-2008 La Niña event, with offsetting changes between Indonesia and the central Pacific.
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16.40 o4 s janssens
- 1. Nanocrystals for optical amplification S. Janssens1,2, G. Williams2, D. Clarke1 and S. G. Raymond1 1 Industrial Research Ltd, P.O. Box 31310, Lower Hutt, New Zealand. Victoria University, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand. 2 1
- 2. Nanoparticles • Optical amplifiers • Necessary part for optical systems • Compensate losses • PMMA bands • Why nanoparticles? • Incorporating in polymers → ease of processability • Limited scattering • Doped with luminescent ions → low phonon energy host matrix → decreases quenching • Optical properties size dependent • Stable 2
- 3. Nanoparticles Rare earth ions: Quantum dots: • Used in many applications: • Still being developed: • Optical amplifiers (EDFA) • Optical amplifiers • Lasers • Lasers • Phosphors • Phosphors • Scintillators • Bio-markers • Etc. • Etc. • Luminescence of trivalent rare • Luminescence characterised earth characterised by: by: • Long lifetimes (μs-ms) • Short lifetimes (ns-μs) • Low oscillator strength • High oscillator strength • Narrow emission bands • Broad emission bands • Independent of size • Tuneable emission • Problems: • Auger recombination 3 • Transient absorption
- 4. Quantum dots • Semiconductor nanocrystals • Properties size and shape dependent – Exciton bohr radius > QD radius – Quantum confinement of e and h in 3 dimensions – Discrete atomic like energy levels – Larger bandgap 4
- 5. Quantum dots • CdSxSe1-x • Tunable – Size – Composition – x larger at surface → gradient • h confined in core • Overlap e and h wavefunction → splitting dark-bright excitons 5
- 6. Structural Characterization Sample x x Particle size (nominal) (EDS) (nm) • Zinc-blende structure A 0.96 0.69 3.07 • Size XRD and TEM comparable B 0.98 0.65 2.3 C 0.980 0.78 4.65 • PMMA composites 0.25% wt D 0.992 0.90 4.0 E 0.993 0.91 5.11 6 F 1 1 4.48
- 7. Optical properties • Quantum confined states • Scattering and absorption in PMMA composites • Blue shift with sulfur concentration • Composition effect > size effect 7
- 8. Optical properties in solution • QY decreases with x τexp increases than decreases • Combined effect of increase in τrad and decrease in τnrad • τnrad decreases due to decreasing energy barrier • longer τrad τexp= QY τrad = (τ-1rad+τ-1nrad )-1 8
- 9. Optical properties in PMMA • Red shift in time in PMMA • Not in solution • Forster Energy transfer • Clustering • x larger → shift smaller → transfer between QD with different composition 9
- 10. BaMgF4 nanoparticles • BaMgF4 ferroelectric crystal • 2nd order nonlinear material • Doped with luminescent ions • Synthesised using reverse microemulsion 10
- 11. XRD and TEM Orthorhombic BaMgF4 Scherrer equation → 12 nm Clusters → 0.5-2 μm long and 0.2-0.3 μm wide 11 Rods → 50-80 nm long and 10-15 nm wide
- 12. Clustering • Particle have permanent dipole moment • Align along electric field lines of dipole 12
- 13. Optical properties • Doped with luminescent ions -TM ions -RE ions • Good luminescence • QY Eu3+ 45% at RT 13
- 14. Poling • Transparent PMMA films • usefull 2nd order material → non centro-symmetric • Random orientation → Centro-symmetric → no 2nd order nonlinear effects → Aligning necessary • Applying high electric field (~50V/μm) → Heating to Tg • Relative change in diffraction intensities • (h00) lines stronger, (00l) lines weaker → partial alignment → clusters hinder alignment 14
- 15. Conclusion • QY of QD ~30% and decreases with x • Shift in wavelength mainly due to change in composition • Clustering in PMMA composites, but still good transparancy • Synthesizing BaMgF4 nanoparticles • Good luminescence for doped BaMgF4 particles • Possible to partially align particles using electric field • Potential for optical amplification and EO devices 15
- 16. Thanks for your attention Questions? 16