Zeta potential refers to the electric potential at the boundary between the stationary layer of fluid attached to a particle's surface and the mobile fluid layer. It is important because various motions that affect colloid stability, like Brownian motion and sedimentation, are determined by zeta potential rather than surface potential. Zeta potential can be measured using electrophoresis - by applying an electric field to observe particle migration - or laser Doppler velocimetry. Measurements of zeta potential are used in applications like sewage treatment, paints, printing inks, and monitoring flocculation.
A presentation on Diamond-like Carbon Thin Film with Controlled Zeta Potential for Medical Application made by Deepak Rajput. It was presented as a course requirement at the University of Tennessee Space Institute in Fall 2008.
Zno and znopbs heterojunction photo electrochemical cellseSAT Journals
Abstract Photo Electrochemical Cell (PEC) can also be used for splitting of water into hydrogen and Oxygen. Here, ZnO nanorod PEC has been prepared in hydrothermal method and ZnO/PbS quantum dot PEC has been prepared by hydrothermal method and chemical bath deposition method. UV-Visible spectroscopy has been observed. Flat band voltage, bandwidth and majority charge carriers have been calculated from Mott-Schottky. Impedance variation at semiconductor and electrolyte junction has been observed with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Keywords: Hydrothermal, Chemical bath, ZnO/PbS, UV-Vis, Mott-Schottky, EIS.
Los días 22 y 23 de junio de 2016 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un simposio internacional sobre 'Materiales bidimensionales: explorando los límites de la física y la ingeniería'. En colaboración con el Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), científicos de este prestigioso centro de investigación mostraron las propiedades únicas de materiales como el grafeno, de solo un átomo de espesor, y al mismo tiempo más resistente que el acero y mucho más ligero.
Synthesis and charaterization of la1 x srxmno3 perovskite nanoparticlesMai Trần
In recent times perovskite materials are extensively studied and have attracted much attention because they exhibit interesting the properties, showing potential applications in commercial, technical and biomedical. In Vietnam, perovskite materials be of interest research and applications are strong but with major research direction is to go deep into the electrical properties and the magnetic properties. The Lanthanum Strontium manganite is a perovskite-based crystal-structured ceramic material with the formula of La1-xSrxMnO3, where x describes the doping ratio. It has attracted much attention due to its good magnetic, electrical, and catalytic properties and is becoming an attractive possibility material in several biomedical applications, particularly with nano-size. In industry, this material is commonly used in as a cathode material in commercially produced solid oxide fuel cells. In this thesis, we present the Perovskite nanoparticles La1-xSrxMnO3 were successfully synthesized of the nanosize La1-xSrxMnO3 at x = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 which prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Structure and magnetic properties of them were systematically investigated in dependence on doped Sr ratio x. The structure was investigated by XRD and show slightly changed but magnetic properties varied strongly with changing the doping ratio x. Magnetic properties of samples were studied by Vibrating Sample Mode of Physical Properties Measurement System show at the room temperature, the samples show superparamagnetic properties with high saturated magnetization MS of 57 emu/g which strongly dependents on the doped Sr ratio x.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A presentation on Diamond-like Carbon Thin Film with Controlled Zeta Potential for Medical Application made by Deepak Rajput. It was presented as a course requirement at the University of Tennessee Space Institute in Fall 2008.
Zno and znopbs heterojunction photo electrochemical cellseSAT Journals
Abstract Photo Electrochemical Cell (PEC) can also be used for splitting of water into hydrogen and Oxygen. Here, ZnO nanorod PEC has been prepared in hydrothermal method and ZnO/PbS quantum dot PEC has been prepared by hydrothermal method and chemical bath deposition method. UV-Visible spectroscopy has been observed. Flat band voltage, bandwidth and majority charge carriers have been calculated from Mott-Schottky. Impedance variation at semiconductor and electrolyte junction has been observed with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Keywords: Hydrothermal, Chemical bath, ZnO/PbS, UV-Vis, Mott-Schottky, EIS.
Los días 22 y 23 de junio de 2016 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un simposio internacional sobre 'Materiales bidimensionales: explorando los límites de la física y la ingeniería'. En colaboración con el Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), científicos de este prestigioso centro de investigación mostraron las propiedades únicas de materiales como el grafeno, de solo un átomo de espesor, y al mismo tiempo más resistente que el acero y mucho más ligero.
Synthesis and charaterization of la1 x srxmno3 perovskite nanoparticlesMai Trần
In recent times perovskite materials are extensively studied and have attracted much attention because they exhibit interesting the properties, showing potential applications in commercial, technical and biomedical. In Vietnam, perovskite materials be of interest research and applications are strong but with major research direction is to go deep into the electrical properties and the magnetic properties. The Lanthanum Strontium manganite is a perovskite-based crystal-structured ceramic material with the formula of La1-xSrxMnO3, where x describes the doping ratio. It has attracted much attention due to its good magnetic, electrical, and catalytic properties and is becoming an attractive possibility material in several biomedical applications, particularly with nano-size. In industry, this material is commonly used in as a cathode material in commercially produced solid oxide fuel cells. In this thesis, we present the Perovskite nanoparticles La1-xSrxMnO3 were successfully synthesized of the nanosize La1-xSrxMnO3 at x = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 which prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Structure and magnetic properties of them were systematically investigated in dependence on doped Sr ratio x. The structure was investigated by XRD and show slightly changed but magnetic properties varied strongly with changing the doping ratio x. Magnetic properties of samples were studied by Vibrating Sample Mode of Physical Properties Measurement System show at the room temperature, the samples show superparamagnetic properties with high saturated magnetization MS of 57 emu/g which strongly dependents on the doped Sr ratio x.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Electrophoresis is a scientific laboratory technique that is used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge. An electric current is passed through the molecules to move them so that they can be separated via a gel. The pores present in the gel work like a sieve, allowing smaller molecules to pass through more quickly and easily than the larger molecules. According to the way conditions are adjusted during electrophoresis, the molecules can be separated in the desired size range.
What is electrophoresis and what are its uses?
Electrophoresis is a very broadly used technique that, fundamentally, applies electric current to biological molecules – they’re usually DNA, but they can be protein or RNA, too – and separates these fragments into pieces that are larger or smaller in size.
The phenomenon of electrophoresis was first observed by Russian professors Peter Ivanovich Strakhov and Ferdinand Frederic Reuss in 1807 at Moscow University. A constant application of electric field caused the particles of clay dispersed in water to migrate, showing an electrokinetic phenomenon.
Electrophoresis can be defined as an electrokinetic process that separates charged particles in a fluid using an electrical field of charge. Electrophoresis of cations or positively charged ions is sometimes referred to as cataphoresis (or cataphoretic electrophoresis). In contrast, sometimes, the electrophoresis of anions or negatively charged ions is referred to as anaphoresis (or anaphoric electrophoresis).
It’s used in a variety of applications. Though it is most often used in life sciences to separate protein molecules or DNA, it can be achieved through several different techniques and methods depending upon the type and size of the molecules.
The methods differ in some ways, but all we need is a source for the electrical charge, a support medium and a buffer solution. Electrophoresis is also used in laboratories for the separation of molecules based on their size, density and purity.
The method used to separate macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, or protein molecules is known as gel electrophoresis.
It is used in forensics for –
Nucleic acid molecule sizing
DNA fragmentation for southern blotting
RNA fragmentation for northern blotting
Protein fragmentation for western blotting
Separation of PCR products analysis
Detection and analysis of variations or mutations in the sequence
Its clinical applications involve –
Serum protein electrophoresis
Lipoprotein analysis
Diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies and hemoglobin A1c.
The fundamental principle of electrophoresis is the existence of charge separation between the surface of a particle and the fluid immediately surrounding it. An applied electric field acts on the resulting charge density, causing the particle to migrate and the fluid around the particle to flow.
It is the process of separation or purification of protein molecules, DNA, or RNA that differ in charge, size.
ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER-TYPES-DYNAMICS OF ELECTRON TRANSFER-MARCUS THEORY-TUNNELING - BUTLER VOLMER EQUATIONS-TAFEL EQUATIONS-POLARIZATION AND OVERVOLTAGE-CORROSION AND PASSIVITY-POURBAIX AND EVAN DIAGRAM-POWER STORAGE-FUEL CELLS
Photoelectron spectroscopy
- a single photon in/ electron out process
• X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
- using soft x-ray (200-2000 eV) radiation to
examine core-levels.
• Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS)
- using vacuum UV (10-45 eV) radiation to
examine valence levels.
AES2013 Harnett plenary talk: Electrodes for microfluidic applicationsCK Harnett
Four ways to make metal 3D electrodes for microfluidics, without electroplating. The slides show examples from induced-charge electroosmosis and particle counting.
Complete description of piezoelectric sensors along with diagrams for better understanding. It is beneficial for any college student who is making a project or presentation on piezoelectric sensors. For presentation on this topic please drop by my uploaded presentations.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...
Aem Lect11
1. Zeta potential : Definition
♦ Zeta potential : the potential at the shear plane
♦ Why Zeta potential for the stable colloid? the interaction of the particles in polar liquids is
not governed by the surface potential but by zeta potential
Additional positive ions are still attracted
by the negative colloid, but now they are
repelled by the Stern layer as well as other
positive ions that are trying to approach
the colloid
- dynamic equilibrium
results in diffuse layer
Strongly bounded layer
Electric double layer
= Stern layer + Diffuse Layer
http://www.zeta-meter.com/
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Zeta potential: ξ
♦ ξ : potential at the surface of shear
♦ the surface of shear : the boundary between the
immobilized layer and the mobile fluid
♦ ξ is not always coincident to Stern potential (ψδ)
- besides the specifically adsorbed layer(Stern layer),
the more immobilized layer can be formed
- however, usually ξ ≈ ψδ
(it means the Stern surface is usually coincident to the
surface of shear)
♦ why important?
various motions such as
Brownian motion and
sedimentation which affect the
stability of colloid are
determined by this potential
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
2. Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis : Moving of charged particle in a dispersion
under the electric filed
E : electric field (V/m)
Fel = q E
Fel : the force that an isolated ion experiences by E
Fvis : opposing force due to the viscous medium
Fvis = f v
f : friction factor
from the Stokes law f = 6πηR
at stationary
R : is the radius of the particle
state
v : velocity of the particle
v=qE/f
z : valence of the ion
= q E /(6πηR)
e : electron charge
= zeE/(6πηR)
u : electrophoretic mobility
u=v/E
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Electrophoresis
Hückel Helmholtz-Smoluchowski
approximation approximation
ξ = 3ηu/2ε ξ = ηu/ε
= q / (6πεR) =q / (4πεR)
κR < 0.1 κR > 100
R is small compared to κ-1 R is large compared to κ-1
κ-1 is large κ-1 is small
ionic strength(I) small high concentration of electrolyte
non-aqueous media polar aqueous solution
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
3. Electrophoresis
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Zeta Potential
- The effective particle surface charge in a liquid-solid sample is measured by the
application of a preset constant electric current applied across the suspension. By
determining the rate at which particles migrate into or out of a sample cell
(electrophoretic mobility), zeta potential measurement is obtained. This measurement is
typically performed over a range of different conditions to optimize the influence of one or
more variables.
- A rotating chamber eliminates the settling of coarse particles and minimizes thermal
current effects.
http://www.micromeritics.com/
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
4. Zeta Potential
Dark-field illumination
Www.zeta-meter.com
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Experimental aspect of electrophoresis
Stationary layer
(no Electro-osmotic
effect)
1. Error coming from sedimentation can be corrected by comparing the
result with that under no electric field
2. Convection - working at low current, effective thermostating
3. Electro-osmotic effect
- moving liquid relative to the stationary chamber
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
5. Laser Doppler Velocimetry
Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV).
Moving particles in the measurement zone shift the frequency
of scattered light proportional to their velocity.
the particle image ⇒ the illumination of particles by intersecting laser beams
the observer’s eye ⇒ the photomultiplier
the stopwatch ⇒ the correlator.
Advantage for LDV
- Statistically better measurements
- Seconds measurement time rather
than 10-30 minutes
- Measurement of smaller particles,
5-10nm rather than a minimum of 200nm
- Measurement of zeta potential distributions
- Improvement in measurement repeatability
due to a reduction in the Joule heating effect
http://www.silver-colloids.com/Tutorials/Intro/zetaintro.html
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Microelectrophoresis
Laser illumination and video interface
allows submicronic particle
measurement.
1. The cell consists of two pairs of
palladium electrodes fitted into
perfectly symmetrical, high quality
Suprasil Quartz chambers
2. Easy to clean: a kinematics
mounting gives easy access to the
measuring chamber
3. The mounting allows rapid and
precise positioning of the cell after
cleaning
4. Replaceable main electrodes
5. Sample temperature is permanently
measured in-situ by fast response
micro-probe
http://www.lavallab.com/eng/zeta-eng/zeta-meter.htm
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
7. E-paper & E-ink
Micrograph of electronic ink, a bistable and
printable microencaspulated electrophoretic
display material created in MIT media lab
and currently being developed at E Ink Corp.
http://www.media.mit.edu/nanomedia/index.html http://www.eink.com/pdf/key_benefits.pdf
B Comiskey, JD Albert, H Yoshizawa, J Jacobson, Nature 394 (6690) 253-255 1998
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Principle & Fabrication
Figure Step for
fabricating organic
transistors and
circuits.
Microcontact
printing (µCP) with
a cylinderical
stamp provides a
fast, low-cost
method to produce
high-resolution
source/drain
electrodes and
interconnects.
SAM stands for
self-assembled
monolayer.
J.A.Rogers, MRS Bulletin, 26(7), 530 (2001)
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
8. Extended View and Example
J.A.Rogers, MRS Bulletin, 26(7), 530 (2001)
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Principle
The balls(called as ‘gyricon’) are about the size of a dot made with a very fine pen.
Inside each one is another, smaller sphere, half white and half black, suspended in
oily silicon so that it can rotate freely. The black half of the inner sphere is positively
charged, while the white half is negatively charged. When an electronic charge is
applied to the sheet of e-paper (using a special printer attached to a computer, or a
hand-held scanning device), the inner sphere rotates to show either its white half or
black half, according to the print instruction. The result is a black-and-white image.
http://www.eink.com/technology/index.htm
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
9. Very thin
E Ink Corporation of
Cambridge, Mass. has
introduced the world's thinnest
active matrix display that is just
0.3 mm thick, or half the
thickness of a credit card. The
company is working with
leading device makers to
integrate these ultra-thin
electronic ink displays into next
generation portable devices by
2004-2005.
http://www.eink.com/news/releases/pr60.html
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
Benefits
1. Paper-like readability
2. Write using electronic stylus(can be stored and sent via email)
3. Cheaper and more flexible than LCDs
4. Low power
http://www.eink.com/solutions/appliances.htm
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
10. TiO2 nanotube
Layer-by-layer-colloid-templating
(LbL-CT approach)
The surface charge reversal at the
end of each deposition cycles
ξ bare Ni rods: -48 mV
ξ after PDADMAC: +40mV
ξ After PSS: -30mV
ξ After PDADMAC: +30mV
ξ After TALH: -25 mV
TALH: Titanium bis ammonium
lactato dihydroxide
PDADMAC: poly
diallyldimethylammonium chloride
K.Subramanya et al., Nano Letters, 1, 727 (2001)
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)
TiO2 nanotube
K.Subramanya et al., Nano Letters, 1,
727 (2001)
Advanced Electronic Ceramics I (2004)