This document provides an overview of upper limb anatomy including: - The breast lies over the pectoralis major muscle and fascia and extends from the 2nd to 6th ribs. - The axilla is the region between the upper arm and chest wall bounded by several muscles. It contains the axillary artery, vein and brachial plexus nerves. - The muscles of the shoulder region include the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and deltoid which all insert on the humerus.

1. Upper limb anatomy

2. Winners make rules,
and
losers follow it…

3. Breast anatomy

4. Extent of the breast
2nd
rib
6th
rib
4th
rib

5. Pectoralis major m.
&
fascia
The breast lies over
Serratus anterior m.
External oblique m.
Rectus sheath

6. Clavicular head of pectoralis major m.
Sternocostal
head of
Pectoralis major m.
Insertion of pectoralis major m.

7. Origin of serratus anterior m.
Inserted along the inner aspect
of
medial lib of scapula

8. Architecture of the breast

9. Lobe of mammary gland
(breast fat)
Suspensory lig. of breast

10. Lobe of mammary gland
Suspensory lig. of breast

11. Blood supply of the breast

12. Internal mammary artery
Medial perforators
(artery, vein, nerve & lymph)

13. Axillary a.
Lateral thoracic a.

14. Aorta
3rd
intercostal a.
Intercostal arteries

15. Accessory
hemiazygos v.
Intercostal v.
Hemiazygos v.
Azygos v.

16. Azygos v.
S.V.C
Sympathetic
chain

17. Lymph drainage of the breast

18. Pectoral node I
Pectoral node III
Interpectoral L.N of Rotor

19. Pectoral node II
Pectoral node I
Pectoral node III

20. Axilla

21. What is axilla?
Medial side of the arm
Lateral side of chest wall

22. Anterior wall of axilla

23. Pectoralis major m.

24. Pectoralis minor m.
&fascia
Suspensory lig. of
axilla
Clavipectoral fascia
Subclavius m. & fascia

25. Posterior & medial wall of axilla

26. Subscapularis m.
Teres major m.
Serratus anterior m.
(medial wall)
Posterior wall

27. Lateral wall of axilla

28. Coracobrachialis m.
Short head of biceps brachii m.

29. Apex

30. Neurovascular bundle
Clavicle
1st
ribAcromion

31. Contents of axilla

32. Axillary artery
Axillary vein
Brachial plexus
Lymphatics

33. Triangular & quadrangular spaces

34. Subscapularis
Humerus
Teres m
ajor
Long
head
oftriceps

35. Posterior cord of brachial plexus
Axillary nerve
Radial nerve
Nerve to long head of triceps
Nerve to latissimus dorsi
Long thoracic nerve

36. Cubital fossa
(borders)

37. Imaginary line at the lower border of brachii muscle
Brachioradialis muscle
(Laterally)
Pronator teres m.
(Medially)

38. Floor of cubital fossa

39. Brachialis muscle
Supinator m.

40. Content of cubital fossa

41. Median nerve
Brachial artery
Radial nerve

42. Anatomical snuff box

44. Adductor pollicis longus m.
Extensor pollicis brevis m.
Extensor pollicis longus m.
(Medially)
Laterally

45. Floor of snuff box

46. Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.
Extensor carpi radialis longus m.

47. Content of snuff box

48. Radial artery

49. Extensor retinaculum

50. Extensor retinaculum of wrist

51. Adductor pollicis longus m.
Extensor pollicis brevis m.
1st
Comp.
Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.
Extensor carpi radialis longus m.
2nd
Comp.
Extensor pollicis longus m. (3rd
comp.(
Extensor digitorum m.
Extensor indicis m.
4th
Comp.

52. Muscles of upper limb
(Shoulder Region(

53. Origin of clavicular head of pectoralis major m.
From the medial ½ of front of clavicle
Origin of sternocostal head of
Pectoralis major m. from anterior
Surface of sternum upper 6 c.c.
Insertion of pectoralis major m.
In the lateral lip of
bicipital groove of humerus
Nerve supply
Med. & lat. Pectoral nerves

54. Origin of Pectoralis minor m.
from 3rd
, 4th
&5th
ribs.
Insertion of pectoralis minor m.
In the coracoid process
Nerve supply
Medial pectoral n.

55. Origin of subclavius m.
from 1st
costochondral junction.
Insertion of subclavius m.
In the lower surface of the
Middle ½ of the clavicle.

56. Origin of serratus anterior m.
By 8 digitations from upper ribs
Inserted of serratus anterior m.
along the inner aspect
of medial lib of scapula

57. Origin of trapezius m.
1. Superior nuchal line.
2. External occiptal protuberance.
3. Ligamentum nuchae.
4. C7 spine & spines of all
thoracic vertebrae.

58. Insertion of trapezius m.
In the lateral 1/3 of the
Clavicle & in the acromion.

59. Origin of latissimus dorsi m.
Lower 6 thoracic spines.
Lumber fascia.
Iliac crest.
Inferior angle of scapula
Lower 8 ribs

60. Insertion of latissimus dorsi m.
in the floor of bicipital groove
of humerus

61. Insertion of teres
major m. in the
medial lip of bicipital
groove
Insertion of pectoralis
major m. in the lateral
lip of bicipital groove
Insertion of latissimus
dorsi m. in the floor of
bicipital groove

62. Origin of the levator scapulae m.
from transverse process of the
upper 4 cervical vertebrae
Insertion of the levator scapulae
m. in medial border of scapula
from superior angle to root of
spine.

63. Origin of the levator scapulae m.
from transverse process of the
upper 4 cervical vertebrae
Insertion of the levator scapulae
m. in medial border of scapula
from superior angle to root of
spine.

64. Origin of rhomboid minor m.
from C7 & T1 spines.
Insertion of rhomboid minor
m. in medial border of the
scapula opposite to root of
spine.

65. Origin of rhomboid
major m. from T2,3,4 & 5
spines
Insertion of rhomboid
major m. in medial
border of the scapula;
from root of the spine
till inferior angle

66. Origin of supraspinatus m.
from supraspinous fossa.
Insertion of supraspinatus m.
in upper impression of greater
tubercle of the humerus

67. Insertion of supraspinatus m.
in upper impression of greater
tubercle of the humerus

68. Origin of infraspinatus m. from
Infraspinous fossa
Insertion of infraspinatus m. in
middle impression of the
greater tubercle

69. Insertion of infraspinatus m. in
middle impression of the
greater tubercle

70. Origin of teres
minor m. from
upper ⅔ of the
lateral border of
the scapula
(dorsal(
Insertion of teres minor m.
in lower impression of the
greater tubercle

71. Insertion of teres minor m. in
lower impression of the
greater tubercle

72. Origin of teres major m.
from upper 1/3 of lat
border of scapula
(dorsal(

73. Insertion of teres
major m. in medial
lip of the bicipital
groove

74. Insertion of teres
major m. in the
medial lip of bicipital
groove

75. Origin of
subscapularis m.
from subscapular
fossa
Insertion of
subscapularis m.
in lesser tubercle
of the humerus

76. Origin of deltoid m. from
lateral ⅓ of the clavicle
Lateral border of
acromion
Crest of the scapular spine

77. Insertion of deltoid m. in
the deltoid tuberosity of
the humerus

78. Muscles of the Arm
The Front of the Arm

79. Origin of
coracobrachialis m. from
tip of coracoid process.
Insertion of
coracobrachialis m. in
middle of the shaft of
humerus medially.

80. Insertion of
coracobrachialis m. in
middle of the shaft of
humerus medially.

81. Origin of short head of
biceps brachii m. from
tip of coracoid
process
Insertion of biceps
brachii m. in bicipital
aponeurosis

82. Origin of long head of
biceps brachii m. from
supraglenoid tubercle
Infraglenoid tubercle

83. Insertion of biceps brachii m.
in radial tuberosity

84. Origin of brachialis m.
from front of lower ½ of
humerus
Insertion of brachialis m.
in front of ulna

85. The back of arm

86. Origin of long head of triceps
m. from infra-glenoid tubercle
Origin of lateral head
of triceps m. from
back of humerus
(spiral groove)
Insertion of triceps m.
in Top of the olecranon
process of ulna

87. supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion of long head of
triceps m. in infraglenoid
tubercle

88. Origin of the medial
head of triceps m. from
back of humerus (spiral
groove)

89. Muscles of the hand

90. Abductor pollicis brevis m.
Flexor pollicis brevis m.
Abductor digiti minimi m.
Flexer digiti minimi brevis m.
Opponens digiti minimi m.

91. Opponens pollicis m.

92. Digital branches of median nerve
Supplies lateral 3 ½ fingers.
Digital branches of ulnar nerve
Supplies medial 1 ½ fingers.

93. Radial bursa
Ulnar bursa
3separate synovial sheaths

94. Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis m.

95. Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus m.
Lumbrical ms.

96. Oblique head of adductor pollicis m.
Transverse head of adductor pollicis m.

97. Palmar interosseous ms. Supplied by deep
Branch of ulner n.