This document provides an overview of basic brain anatomy and functions. It is divided into multiple parts. Part 1 discusses the early development of the human embryo's brain within the first 6 weeks. It also covers the basic units of the brain - neurons and synapses. Additionally, it compares the size of human and animal brains. The brain is described as having three main parts: the reptilian brain for instinct, the limbic system for emotion, and the neocortex for higher-level thought. The reptilian brain and limbic system are the evolutionarily older parts of the brain. The document notes that part 2 will provide more details on brain functioning.

1. Brain and Its Functions-Part 1 Dr. Prithika Chary Consultant Neurologist and Neurosurgeon Adopted by Prof.K.Prabhakar, [email_address]

2. This presentation is prepared by Dr.Prithikachary Madam for faculty of management to understand the basic functions of Brain, Nuroplasticity, Theory of Multiple Intelligences, motivation, management of stress, memory and other related . Some modifications have been make by author to help students understand basics facts. However, for any mistakes and errors the Prof.K.Prabhakar is responsible. Please do send an email to him regarding any mistakes or errors. (prabhakar.krishnamurthy@gmail.com)

3. Presentation The presentation have been divided into four parts for easy uploading. You have to go through sequentially to understand Brain and its Functions in the context of Management disciplines.

4. This slide show provides you information on basic facts about brain. You may have to go the Part 2 for understanding about brain functioning and role of nurturing brain.

6. Early weeks crucial Human embryo - just 6 weeks after conception. All the parts have been in place for two weeks, and brain waves are now detectable

7. THE NEURON

8. THE SYNAPSE

12. Brains of human and comparison with other animal brain

14. The Triune Brain Neocortex - Thought (including planning, language, logic & will, awareness) Limbic System - Emotion (feelings, relationship/nurturing, images and dreams, play) Reptilian Brain - Instinct (survival, breathing/swallowing/heartbeat, startle response) Three Brains in One

17. Reptilian Brain The brain stem part of the brain, is the most ancient -- it evolved 500 million years ago and is more like the entire brain of present-day reptiles. For this reason, it is often called the reptilian brain . Various clumps of cells in the brain stem determine the brain's general level of alertness and regulate the vegetative processes of the body such as breathing and heartbeat.

18. Reptilian Brain The brain stem is the reptilian brain. It is a remnant of our prehistoric past. The reptilian brain acts on stimulus and response. It is useful for quick decisions without thinking. The reptilian brain focuses on survival, and takes over when you are in danger and you don’t have time to think. In a world of survival of the fittest, the reptilian brain is concerned with getting food and keeping you from becoming food. The reptilian brain is fear driven, and takes over when you feel threatened or endangered.

20. The Ancient Limbic System The modules that lie beneath the corpus callosum are known as the limbic system . This area is older then the cortex in evolutionary terms and is also known as the mammalian brain because it is thought to have first emerged in mammals. This part of the brain, and even that below it, is unconscious , and yet has a profound affect on our experience because it is densely connected to the conscious cortex above it and constantly feeds information upwards. The limbic stem is the root of emotions and feelings. It affects moods and bodily functions.

21. The Ancient Limbic System Emotions, our most basic reactions, are generated in the Limbic system along with the many appetites and urges that help us behave in such a way to survive. For instance, the Amygdala , is the place where fear is registered and generated.

23. NEOCORTEX The neocortex is the most evolutionary advanced part of your brain. It governs your ability to speak, think, and solve problems. The neocortex affects your creativity and your ability to learn. The neocortex makes up about 80 percent of the brain.

24. End of Part 1 You may have to go the part 2 to understand the basic functioning of Brain.