The document discusses various concepts related to academic writing such as the definition of academic language, characteristics of academic writing like being formal, objective, precise, and following proper structure. It also discusses common academic writing formats like concept papers which define and explain concepts, and research papers which state the research problem, methods, results, and conclusion. The document provides techniques for defining concepts like definition, explication, and clarification with examples. It ends by listing some current issues that can be addressed in academic writing.

1. LUNES NA! KUMUSTA KA?

3. • Write and present academic papers using
appropriate tone, style, conventions, and reference
styles;
• Adopt awareness of audience and context in
presenting ideas; and
• Convey ideas through oral, audio-visual, or web-
based presentations.
OBJECTIVES

4. When a person whose aim is to
share, inform, and/or present
ideas, products, and/or result
of a research.

6. • The language of school – a simple enough definition of
Academic Language. With English finding itself as a medium of
communication for most countries in today’s modern society, it
is without a doubt that it would eventually be integrated into
the academe.
• English as the world's Lingua Franca

7. Academic writing is typically
highlighted in academic texts
such as literary analyses,
research papers, and
dissertations. These texts
highly value structure which
allows readers to
follow the content of the text
with ease.
• Formal
• Objectiv
e
• Technical
• Precise

8. • The attention
grabber
• Introduces topics
• States
arguments/thesis
• Outlines main points
• The series of
paragraphs that
develop the argument
or thesis
• Contains one main idea
in the topic sentence
• Each topic sentence
links directly to the
argument
• Restates the
argument/thesis
• Provides a
summary of the
write up
• Relates to a
broader context

9. This format is typically used
for lab reports and/or
researches. It allows writers
to present facts objectively
which allows readers to
focus on the data collected
and its results rather than
the arguments made by the
writer.
States the research problems or the questions intended
to be answered throughout the study. It explains the
current field of understanding (literature review sub-
section)
Discusses the process that was undertaken in the study.
It is divided into subsections for clarity and organization.
Contains labeled tables, charts, graphs, quotes, etc. to
show the data collected.
Explains the data shown in the results section.
Contains the conclusion and the new knowledge gained
from the study.

11. CONCEPT
PAPER

12. • The concept paper defines an idea or a concept and
explains its essence in order to clarify the “whatness”
of that idea or concept. It answers the questions:
what is it and about it (Dadufalza 1996:183).
• A concept paper starts with a definition, either
formal or informal, of the term or the concept and
proceeds with an expanded definition and an
analytic description of the aspects of the concept.

13. Three ways of elucidating a concept:
1. Definition is a logical technique by which the
meaning of a term is revealed. Definition is
important because it clarifies the meaning of a word
or a concept and it also limits the scope of that
particular word or concept. Limiting the scope
controls and avoids misinterpretations, argues
notions, and/or broad ideas.

14. Techniques:
1. Formal – it explains a term by incorporating the term to
be defined (term), the general category of the term (genus)
and the quality that makes the term different from other
terms in the same category
Ex. A robot is a machine that looks like a human being and
performs complex acts of a human being (Webster)
2. By synonym using a word or phrase that shares a
meaning with the term being defined.
Ex: Hashish – marijuana.

15. Techniques:
3. By origin or semantic history – Ex. Yoga comes from the
Sanskrit “to join”
4. By Illustration – Ex: Known for their shedding their
leaves in the fall,
deciduous trees include oaks, maples, and beeches.
5. By function – Ex: A thermometer measures temperature
change.

16. Techniques:
6. By analysis (Breaking down wholes into parts, aspects
into levels, and a process into steps)
Ex: The republican form of government has three
branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary.
7. By contrast use of opposites
Ex: Unlike those of gas, the particles of plasma are
electrically charged.
8. By negation – stating what a term is not.
Ex: Wild rice, an American delicacy, is not rice at all but the
seed of a tall aquatic grass.

17. 2. Explication– is an attempt to reveal the meaning
by calling attention to implications, such as the
connotations of words and the tone conveyed by
the brevity or length of a sentence. An explication is
a commentary that makes explicit what is implicit.

18. In the final stanza of his poem The Road Not Taken,
Frost talks about his dilemma of coming upon two
diverging paths, and not knowing which one to
choose. The third line is very important, as it delivers
an idea of choosing between the two divergent
paths.

19. 3. Clarification it is a method of explanation in which
the points are organized from a general abstract
idea to specific and concrete examples.
The analysis of the concept is done by looking at the
examples and specifying its characteristics.

20. Example:
Justice is a broad concept which encompasses a wide set
of ideas, most of which also branch out into smaller
notions. For instance, it can refer to the sentencing of a
criminal based on due process. When an individual gets
what he deserves, even outside the hands of the law, it is
also considered justice in some context. This may come in
the form of vigilante justice, in which a person
dissatisfied with the system doles out punishing to
wrongdoers.
Source: https://www.slideshare.net/LeahCondina1/conceptpaper

21. ADDRESSING CURRENT ISSUES
SUCH AS:
• Good Governance
• Responsible Citizenship
• Disaster Preparedness
• Environmental Protection
• Poverty Reduction
• Press Freedom