This document provides information about academic writing structures. It defines academic text as formal, objective writing by experts using facts. Two common academic text structures are described: the three-part essay structure consisting of an introduction, body and conclusion; and the IMRaD structure which organizes a text into introduction, methods, results and discussion sections. Examples of different types of academic writing like research papers and dissertations are provided. Students are given activities to identify characteristics of academic vs non-academic writing and complete a table contrasting features of different academic texts. Poster guidelines are provided for a creative activity presenting rules for writing academic texts.

1. Academic text
Structures
English for Academic and
Professional Purposes

2. Learning Objectives
1) Define academic text and differentiate it from
non-academic text;
2) Determine text structure of an academic text;
and
3) Create a poster that shows the do’s and don’ts
in writing academic text.

3. Lets do this!
Directions: On the side are
jumbled parts of a common
research paper. Put them into
the correct order by using
numbers to represent the
sequence.

4. What is an Academic text?
 Academic text is defined as critical, objective,
specialized texts written by experts or professionals
in a given field using formal language.
 This means that academic texts are based on facts
with solid basis.
 Academic writing, therefore, is generally quite formal,
objective (impersonal) and technical.
 It is formal by avoiding casual or conversational
language, such as contractions or informal vocabulary.

5. Examples of
Academic Writing

6. 1. Literary Analysis
 examines, evaluates, and makes an
argument about a literary work.
 goes beyond mere summarization.
 requires careful close reading of one or
multiple texts and often focuses on a
specific characteristic, theme, or motif.

7. 2. RESEARCH PAPER
 Uses outside information to support a
thesis or make an argument.
 written in all disciplines and may be
evaluative, analytical, or critical in nature.
 involves synthesizing this external
information with your own ideas.

8. 3. Dissertation
 A dissertation (or thesis) is a document
submitted at the conclusion of a Ph.D.
program.
 a book-length summarization of the
doctoral candidate’s research.

9. Examples of non academic text:
Personal Opinions
Magazines
Non fiction
Digital Media
News
etc.

10. ● A well-structured text enables the reader to follow
the argument and navigate the text.
● These are the two common structures of academic
texts that you need to learn which depends on the
type of assignment you are required: the three-part
essay structure and the IMRaD structure.
Structure is an important feature of
academic writing.

11. The Three-Part Essay Structure
Introduction BODY COnclusion

12. INTRODUCTION
 Its purpose is to clearly tell the reader the topic,
purpose and structure of the paper.
PARTS
 A. The most general information,
 B. The core of the introduction,
 C. The most specific information,

13. body
 It develops the question, “What is the topic about?”.
 It may elaborate directly on the topic sentence by
giving definitions, classifications, explanations,
contrasts, examples and evidence.
 This is considered as the heart of the essay.

14. cONCLUSION
 The conclusion is closely related to the introduction
and is often described as its ‘mirror image’.
 The conclusion usually begins by briefly summarizing
the main scope or structure of the paper, confirms the
topic that was given in the introduction, ends with a
more general statement about how this topic relates to
its context.

15. I - introduction
m-methods
r - results
a- and
d - Discussion

16. INTRODUCTION
usually depicts the background of the topic and the
central focus of the study.
MEthodology
lets your readers know your data collection methods,
research instrument employed, sample size and so on
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
states the brief summary of the key findings
or the results of your study.

17. Activity 1: WHICH IS WHICH?
Directions: Write ACADEMIC if the statement is correct
and NON-ACADEMIC if it is wrong. Do this in your
answer sheet.
1. Formality in academic writing requires precision to make a
legitimate piece of writing.
2.Writing is a form of communication that is shaped by the
following factors: topic, role, and audience.
3.The use of personal pronouns such as I, you, and we is
acceptable in academic writing.

18. Activity 1: WHICH IS WHICH?
Directions: Write ACADEMIC if the statement is correct
and NON-ACADEMIC if it is wrong. Do this in your
answer sheet.
4.“How can these problems be solved?” is an example of a
critical question.
5. Because is an example of transitional device that
expresses cause and effect.
6. An abstract is a summary of a novel.

19. Activity 1: WHICH IS WHICH?
Directions: Write ACADEMIC if the statement is correct
and NON-ACADEMIC if it is wrong. Do this in your
answer sheet.
7. The conclusion is the section that summarizes the main
points of the essay.
8. A summary is a condensed form of a text which is usually
half of the original material.
9. To introduce a topic in an essay, the writer must be able
to explain its details.
10. A research paper contains background of the study,
body and recommendations.

20. Activity 2: TABLE COMPLETION
Directions: Complete the table below to show the difference
among the given academic writing. Additional research is
needed in this activity. (20 pts)
Academic
Writing
What are its
parts/structures?
Where is it done?
( part of a class, in a
program of study, or for
publication )
Literary Analysis
Research Paper
Dissertation

21. ACTIVITY 3: SHOW YOUR RULES
Directions: Make a poster that shows the do’s and don’ts in writing an
academic text. List five (5) rules for each poster. Make it creative and
appealing. Follow the given format below and use the rubrics in doing
the activity.
What you should DO
in writing an
Academic Text
What you shouldn’t DO
in writing an Academic
Text

22. RUBRICS for poster
Category Points
Presentation/creativity 10
Concept/content 15
Neatness 5
Total 30

23. CRÉDITOS: Esta plantilla de presentación fue
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Flaticon, infografías e imágenes de Freepik
Thank you and
Happy learning!
Ma. Rubellee V. Patolot
Subject Teacher