module

1. LEVELING EXPECTATION

2. WHAT TO BRING
1 Notebook for your Inventory
Colored Paper (Black& L-G)
Scissors
Glue

3. What are my STRENGHT and WEAKNESSES

4. ACADEMIC LANGUAGES USED
FROM VARIOUS DISCIPLINE
(LESSON 1)

5. ACADEMIC TEXT – is a written
language that provides information
which contain ideas and concepts
that are related to the particular
discipline. Essay, research paper,
report and etc.

6. STRUCTURE
The basic structure is consist of 3 parts , the INTRODUCTION, BODY and
CONCLUSION in formal. This kind of structure enables the readers to follow
the argument and navigate the text.
TONE
The attitude conveyed in a piece of writing.
LANGUAGE
it is important to use ambiguous language. Clear topic sentences enable
your reader to follow your line thinking without difficulty. Formal language
and third persons point of view were also used. technical area of writing
were used , but it does not mean big words.

7. CITATION
citing sources in the body of the paper and providing a list of
references as either footnotes.
COMPLEXITY
An academic addresses complex issues that require higher order
thinking skills to comprehend.
EVIDENCE – BASED ARGUMENTS
What is valued in an academic text is that opinions are based on a
sound understanding of the pertinent body of knowledge and academic
debaters that exist within and often external to a specific disciplined.
THESIS DRIVEN
the starting point of the writing is the PERSPECTIVE, idea or position
applied to a chosen research paper.

8. FEATURES OF ACADEMIC TEXT
1.COMPLEX
- Written language has no longer words, it more lexical varied
vocabulary
- Written text are shorter and the language has more
grammatical complexity
2. FORMAL
-Should avoid colloquial words and expressions
3. PRECISE
- Facts are given accurately and precisely

9. 4. OBJECTIVE
-Has fewer words that emphasize on the information you want to
give and arguments you want to make.
-Mostly uses nouns (adjectives), rather that verbs (adverbs)
5. EXPLICIT
-It is the responsibility of the writer in English to make it CLEAR
6. ACCURATE
-Uses vocabulary accurately
-Most subjects have words with narrow specific meanings.
7. HEDGING
- It is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a
particular subject or the strength of the claims you are making.

10. 8. RESPONSIBLE
- You must be responsible and must provide
evidences or justification of any claims you make.
9. ORGANIZED
-Well organized
-It flows easily
10. PLAN
- Well panned
- Takes after research and evaluation, according
to specific purpose and plan.

11. Purposes in Reading an Academic Text
1.To locate main ideas
2.To scan for information
3.To identify gaps in existing ideas
4.To connect ideas on existing ones
5.To gain more pieces of information
6.To support a particular writing assignments
and
7.To deeply understand ain existing idea.

12. FACTORS to Consider in Writing Academic Text
1.State critical questions and issues
2.Provide facts and evidences from credible
sources
3.Use precise and accurate words while avoiding
jargon
4.Take an objective point of view
5.List references
6.Use cautious language

13. Thesis Statement and
Outline Reading Text
Lesson 2

14. Lesson
1
Identifying Thesis
Statement and Outline
Reading Text

15. Thesis Statement
A thesis statement is the controlling idea that you will develop in your paper. This
can be found usually at the end of an introduction. A thesis statement can be one
sentence. However, if necessary, it can also be two or three sentences.
Elements of a Thesis Statement
1. Topic. The topic of your paper.
2.Argument/Claim. This depends on the type of paper you are
writing. If it is an argumentative paper, then this should express
your opinion. If it is a research or explanatory paper, this should
explain the purpose of your paper.
3.Evidence. The support for your argument/claim.

16. Outline
An outline is a design to follow when writing a structure, a
discourse, or a article. It arranges a material in a logical way into
main ideas, supporting ideas, and supporting details.
The main idea or topic is the main topic of the outline. All main
topics are indicated by Roman Numeral. Subtopics are noted by
letters and supporting details are indicated by Arabic Numerals.
An outline can be a sentence outline or topic outline. A
sentence outline is written in full sentence while a topic outline
is in words or phrases.

17. Guidelines in Writing an Outline:
1. Place the title at the center above the outline.
2. Every level of the outline must have at least two items (I and II, A and B,
1 and 2).
3. Put a period after each numeral and letter.
4. Indent each new level of the outline.
5. All items of one kind (roman numerals, capital letters, Arabic
numerals) should line up with each other.
6. Capitalize the first letter of each item.
7. The terms Introduction, Body, and Conclusion do not have to be
included in the outline. They are not topics; they are merely
organizational units in the writer’s mind.

18. Example
Benjamin Franklin – Scientist and Inventor
I. Experiments with Electricity A. Studied nature of Electricity
B.Discovered Lightning Equals Electricity
C. Invented Lightning Rod
II. Other Scientific Work
A.Inventions
1.Bifocal Glasses
2.Franklin Stove
https
3.Daylight Saving Time content/uploads//2013/06/ben-Franklin.jp
B.Scientific Studies
1.Charted Gulf Stream
2.Worked on Soil Improvement
III.Importance as a Scientist
A.Scientific Honors
B.Writing Translated into Other Languages

19. Approaches in
Literary Criticism
Lesson 3

20. Lesson
1
Approaches in Literary
Criticism

21. 1. Formalist Criticism
- This approach regards literature as “a unique form of
human knowledge that needs to be examined on its
own terms.” All the elements necessary for
understanding the work are contained within the work
itself. Of particular interest to the formalist critic are the
elements of form—style, structure, tone, imagery, etc.—
that are found within the text.
- A primary goal for formalist critics is to determine how
such elements work together with the text’s content to
shape its effects upon readers.

22. 2. Gender Criticism
- This approach “examines how sexual identity influences
the creation and reception of literary works.” Originally an
offshoot of feminist movements, gender criticism today
includes a number of approaches, including the so-called
“masculinist” approach recently advocated by poet Robert Bly.
The bulk of gender criticism, however, is feminist and takes as
a central precept that the patriarchal attitudes that have
dominated western thought have resulted, consciously or
unconsciously, in literature “full of unexamined ‘male-
produced’ assumptions.”

23. Feminist criticism attempts to correct this imbalance by
analyzing and combatting such attitudes—by questioning,
for example, why none of the characters in Shakespeare’s
play Othello ever challenge the right of a husband to
murder a wife accused of adultery. Other goals of feminist
critics include “analyzing how sexual identity influences the
reader of a text” and “examining how the images of men
and women in imaginative literature reflect or reject the
social forces that have historically kept the sexes from
achieving total equality.”

24. 3. Historical Criticism
- This approach “seeks to understand a literary work by investigating the social,
cultural, and intellectual context that produced it—a context that necessarily
includes the artist’s biography and milieu.” A key goal for historical critics is to
understand the effect of a literary work upon its original readers.
4. Reader-Response Criticism
- This approach takes as a fundamental tenet that “literature” exists
not as an artifact upon a printed page but as a transaction
between the physical text and the mind of a reader. It attempts “to
describe what happens in the reader’s mind while interpreting a
text” and reflects that reading, like writing, is a creative process.

25. 5. Media Criticism
- It is the act of closely examining and judging the media. When we
examine the media and various media stories, we often find instances
of media bias. Media bias is the perception that the media is reporting
the news in a partial or prejudiced manner. Media bias occurs when
the media seems to push a specific viewpoint, rather than reporting
the news objectively. Keep in mind that media bias also occurs when
the media seems to ignore an important aspect of the story. This is
the case in the news story about the puppies

26. 6. Marxist Criticism
- It focuses on the economic and political elements of art, often
emphasizing the ideological content of literature; because
Marxist criticism often argues that all art is political, either
challenging or endorsing (by silence) the status quo, it is
frequently evaluative and judgmental, a tendency that “can lead
to reductive judgment, as when Soviet critics rated Jack London
better than William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway, Edith Wharton,
and Henry James, because he illustrated the principles of class
struggle more clearly.” Nonetheless, Marxist criticism “can
illuminate political and economic dimensions of literature other
approaches overlook.”

27. 7. Structuralism
- It focused on how human behavior is determined by
social, cultural and psychological structures. It tended to
offer a single unified approach to human life that would
embrace all disciplines. The essence of structuralism is
the belief that “things cannot be understood in isolation,
they have to be seen in the context of larger structures
which contain them. For example, the structuralist
analysis of Donne’s poem, Good Morrow, demands more
focus on the relevant genre, the concept of courtly love,
rather than on the close reading of the formal elements of
the text.

28. STRUCTURE OF
AN ACADEMIC
TEXT

29. Academic texts usually follow an established structure which refers
to internal organization of a text, it is called as TEXT STRUCTURE
TEXT STUCTURE- refers to the organizational patterns of a text.
Some text also use the ARGUMENT in developing their ideas which
begins with a CLAIM followed by the REASONS for the claim then
supported by the pieces of EVIDENCE. It can include a counter-
claim or refutation.
Another component of a text structure is the use of TRANSITION
WORDS or PHRASES. These transition words or phrases are used
to show relationships among ideas.

30. The following show how transition words or phrases are
used for specific pattern of organization of ideas.
A. Order/ Sequence- tells the order, process or series of
events.
Transition words: first, next, before and etc.
B. Comparison and Contrast- differences and similarities
Transition words: Unlike, like, However and etc.
C. Description/ List- this resembles with an outline
Transition words: For example, for instance
D. Cause and Effect- result and reasons of occurrence
E. Problem- Solution- Pros and Cons of each solution.