The document explains how exercise affects breathing and pulse rates. It states that breathing and pulse rates increase during exercise to supply more oxygen, which is needed for aerobic respiration to release energy. The brain monitors carbon dioxide levels in the blood and signals the lungs to breathe faster to remove it if levels get too high. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and its equation is given. Anaerobic respiration, which occurs during intense exercise when oxygen can't be supplied fast enough, is also discussed.

1. Effect of exercise on breathing

2. Objectives Explain why breathing and pulse rates increase during exercise Know what happens in respiration Remember the equation for respiration Know about anaerobic respiration Do not write this unless you are a fast writer I will post this slideshow on http://griggans.edublogs.org

3. Keywords Tidal volume Vital capacity Spirometer Aerobic Anaerobic Respiration Lactic acid Oxygen debt Fatigue You need to write these down

4. Starter Count the number of breaths you take in one minute while at rest Write this number down Now walk around or do some light exercise for one minute Immediately take your breathing rate again What happens? Why? (explain scientifically – don’t say it’s because you smoke!)

5. Measuring Lung Volume Write down the volume of air you breathe out normally . This is your tidal volume Write down the volume of air you have forced out of your lungs This is your vital capacity An asthmatic can have their vital capacity measured with a peak flow meter This volume = This volume = You cannot breathe out all the air in your lungs – there is still a residual volume left

6. Spirometer Trace

7. Why do the breathing rate and pulse rate need to increase with exercise? To supply more oxygen Oxygen is needed for aerobic respiration Respiration releases energy Aerobic respiration is respiration using oxygen

8. The role of the brain in all of this The brain monitors the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood If this gets too high it sends signals to make the lungs breathe faster to get rid of this poisonous carbon dioxide

9. What is the equation for aerobic respiration? C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 -> 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O (+ energy)

10. What is anaerobic respiration? In a sprint, you cannot breathe fast enough. Respiration takes place without oxygen Energy is still released, but much less Lactic acid is made This is poisonous and causes cramp Oxygen needs to be paid back to remove the lactic acid This is called the oxygen debt ( watch sprinters after a race gasping for air to repay their debt)

11. What is the equation for anerobic respiration? glucose -> lactic acid + some energy

12. Plenary link