Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 68th issue, published on February, 2015.

1. @)!% km]a|'c/L
jif{ % c+s ^*
ut l8;]Da/b]lv cd]l/sfdf
b]vfk/]sf] bfb'/f (Measles) sf]
k|sf]k !& /fHo / /fhwfgL
jfl;+u6g l8;L;Dd b]lvPsf]
5 . l8;]Da/ @* b]lv km]a|'c/L
!^ ;Dddf ! ;o $! hgf
k|efljt ePsf] ;]G6;{ km/
l8lhh sG6«f]n PG8
lk|e]G;g (Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention;
CDC) n] hgfPsf] 5 .
;+:yfsf cg';f/ bfb'/f ;a}–
eGbf w]/} Soflnkmf]lg{ofdf
5 eg] g]a|f:sf, Pl/hf]gf,
jfl;+u6g, sf]nf]/f8f],
cf]/]ug, 8]nfj/, Olngf]o,
ldl;ug, ldg];f]6f, Go'h;L{,
Go'of]s{, g]ef8f, k]G;ne]lgof,
;fpy 8sf]6f, 6]S;;, o'6f
cflb /fHodf b]lvPsf] 5 .
sxfFaf6 cfof] <
cd]l/sfaf6 bfb'/f
;g @))) d} pGd'ng eO–
;s]sf] xf] . t/ o;k6ssf]
bfb'/f lkmlnlkG;af6 3'Dg
cfPsf JolQmaf6 km}lnPsf]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . of]
lsg klg eg] cd]l/sfdf b]
lvPsf] bfb'/f / ;g @)!$
df lkmlnlkG;df b]lvPsf] bfb'/f
lrlsT;lso b[li6n] p:t} 5 .
uPsf ^ dlxgfdf of] k|sf/sf]
bfb'/f ljZjsf !$ b]zdf klg
b]lvPsf] lyof] .
s;/L lrGg] <
bfb'/fsf] ;+qmd0f ePsf] &
b]lv !$ lbgdf o;sf nIf0f
b]vfkg{ yfN5g . efO/;
(virus)÷ljiff0f'sf sf/0f
x'g] bfb'/f ;fdfGotM o:tf
nIf0f;lxt z'? x'G5M
à pRr Hj/f],
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à bfb'/fsf] k|sf]k======================!
(Measles outbreak)
à 8n/ :6f]/df s] lsGg] < =======#
(What to buy in Dollar store ?)
à gful/s k|Zg–pQ/ *(=============$
(Civic Test - Q/A no. 89)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb #^=========$
(Most common Eng. words 36)
à vf]sL,
à l;+ufg aUg' (coryza), /
à cfFvf /ftf, /l;nf x'g'
(conjunctivitis) .
oL nIf0fx? z'? ePsf] @
jf # lbgdf d'vleq ;]tf
yf]Knfx? (Koplik spots) b]vf–
k5{g .
nIf0fx? b]vfkg{ yfn]sf] #
b]lv % lbgdf z/L/df vl6/f
b]vfk5{g . z'?df oL vl6/f
/ftf 6f6fx? x'G5g, h'g
lgwf/ / skfnsf] aLr efudf
b]lvG5g . To;kl5 z/L/sf]
tnlt/ b]vfk5{g, 3fF6L, hLp
x'Fb} kfv'/f, lt3|f÷lk8f}nf, /
v'§fdf b]lvG5g . vl6/fsf]
aLrdf 6';'Ss ;fgf] efu
p7]sf] x'G5 . oL vl6/f
6fpsf] / z/L/sf] cGo efudf
5'§f5'§} jf hf]l8Psf x'g
bfb'/fsf] kl5Nnf] k|sf]k
!& /fHosf !$! afnaflnsf k|efljt
Ω Ω
bfb'/f ;g @))) df
cd]l/sfaf6 pGd'ng
ePsf] xf] .
Ω Ω
afFsL k[i7 @ df
b'O{ jf tLg lbgdf d'vleq
b]lvg] ;]tf yf]Knfx¿

2. @
@)!%km]a'|c/L,jif{%c+s^*
;S5g . vl6/f k"/fgf x'Fb}
hfFbf Hj/f] a9]/ !)$ l8u|L
kmx/]gxfO6;Dd k'U5 .
cln lbgkl5 Hj/f] 365 /
vl6/f d;fªlu|G5g .
s;/L ;5{ <
/f]uLsf] gfs tyf 3f“6Laf6
lg:sg] t/n kbfy{ -l;+ufg
jf ¥ofn_ sf] ;Dks{df cfpFbf,
xfR5o"“ ubf{, / vf]Sbf o;sf
ljiff0f' -efO/;_ xfjfdf
km}nG5g / bfb'/f ;5{ . o;sf
ljiff0f' xfR5o"F jf vf]s]sf] b'O{
306f;Dd xfjfdf hLljt /xg
;S5g .
la/fdLn] km]/]sf] ;f;sf]
;Dks{df cfpFbf jf 5f]Psf]
;+qmldt 7fpF 5f]P/ gfs, cfFvf
jf d'v 5'gfn] /f]u ;5{ .
of] /f]u afnaflnsf hDdf
x'g] jf le8 x'g] :yfgdf
;lhn};“u ;g{ ;S5, h:t}M
ljBfno, c:ktfn cflb .
vl6/f b]Vg' $ lbgcl3 /
vl6/f b]vfk/]sf] $ lbgkl5
bfb'/fsf la/fdLn] ladf/
c?nfO{ ;fg{ ;S5g .
bfb'/f dflg;sf] /f]u xf],
Ω Ω
bfb'/f !% cf}+ hGdlbg
dgfpg'cl3 gfgLx¿nfO{ a9L
x'g] ;+efjgf x'G5 .
Ω Ω
o;sf ljiff0f' c? hgfj/sf
sf/0f ;b}{g .
s;/L ;fx|f] kf5{ <
vf]k gkfPsf % jif{d'lgsf
afnaflnsfx?, ljz]ifu/L
! jif{d'lgsf lzz' bfb'/fsf]
hl6ntfsf] hf]lvddf kg'{sf
;fy} d[To';d]t x'g;S5 .
bfb'/faf6 ;+qmldt lzz'df
s8fvfnsf] ´f8f nfu]/
hn ljof]hg -z/L/df
kfgL sd_ x'g
hfG5 . afnaflnsfdf
sfg kfSg] (Otitis Me-
dia) tyf s8f vfnsf]
Zjf;–k|Zjf;sf] ;+qmd0f
-lgdf]lgof_ x'G5 .
bfb'/f nfu]/ d[To' x'g]
d'Vo sf/0f lgdf]lgof
xf] . bfb'/fsf] ljiff0f'n]
k|lt/f]wfTds IfdtfnfO{ sdhf]/
kfl/lbgfn] o:tf] ePsf] xf] .
lgdf]lgof bfb'/fsf] ljiff0f' jf
cGo lhjf0f'sf] ;+qmd0faf6
x'G5 . bfb'/fsf sf/0f slxn]–
sflxF dl:tisdf s8f vfnsf]
;'hg (inflammation) eO{
dl:tisHj/ (encephalitis)
klg cfpg ;S5 .
s8fvfnsf] bfb'/f vf;
u/L s'kf]lift, rflxg] dfqfdf
le6fldg …PÚ gkfPsf,
PrcfO{eL÷P8; / cGo
/f]usf sf/0faf6 k|lt/f]wfTds
Ifdtf sdhf]/ ePsf / kl/jf/
;+Vof w]/} ePsf 7fp“df x's]{sf
afnaflnsfnfO{ nfU5 .
Psk6s bfb'/f nfu]/ lgsf]
ePsf afnaflnsfnfO{ hLjge/
bfb'/flj?4sf] k|lt/f]wfTds
Ifdtf ljsf; x'G5 .
arfpg] s;/L <
bfb'/flj?4sf] vf]kn] bfb'/f
/f]uaf6 arfpg ;lsG5 .
bfb'/f clt;+qmldt /f]u ePsfn]
o; /f]usf] k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf
sd ePsf afnaflnsf /f]uLsf]
;Dks{df cfPdf bfb'/faf6
;+qmldt x'G5g .
bfb'/f ;g]{ vt/f sd ug{
c:ktfndf egf{ ePsf tyf
bfb'/flj?4 vf]k glnPsf
gfgLx?nfO{ bfb'/flj?4 vf]k
lbg'k5{ . To:tf afnaflnsfsf
afa'–cfdfnfO{ gfgLn] vf]k
kfPsf] yfxf geP bfb'/flj?4
vf]k lbg'k5{ .
bfb'/fsf] vf]knfO{ PdPdcf/
(MMR) elgG5, o;n] bfb'/f,
xfF8], / hd{g bfb'/f÷?a]nf
(measles, mumps, and rubella
lgoGq0fdf /fV5 . of] vf]kaf6
(# k|ltztsf] /Iff ;+ej 5 .
bfb'/f nfu]sf afnaflnsfnfO{
kf]lifnf] vfgf / ´f]lnnf] vfg]–
s'/f h?/L x'G5 . sfg kfSg]
/ s8f Zjf;–k|Zjf; /f]usf]
pkrf/sf nflu dfq k|lth}ljs
(antibiotics) cf}ifwL lbg'k5{ .
;fdu|L tyf tl:a/x¿M cdc.gov
wGojfb
cIfl/sfsf] k|sfzg ;+:yf
…cIfl/sfÚ n] k/b]z -vf;u/L
pQ/ cd]l/sf_ df a:g]
g]kfnL–efifL gfgLx¿sf nflu
kf7oqmd agfpg] of]hgf
agfPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu
g]kfnL–efifL dftf–lktfdfem
s]xL k|Zg /fv]sf] lyof] . pSt
k|Zgx¿sf] ;j]{If0fdf ;xefuL
ePsf ;a}nfO{
wGojfb . tkfO{+sf ;'emfj
xfd|f nflu cd'No 5g .
1fgHof]lt s]Gb|
Go' XofD;/
bfb'/f ;+qmd0f ePsf] tLg lbgdf
z/L/df b]lvg] vl6/fx¿

3. #@)!%km]a|'c/L,jif{%c+s^*
8n/ :6f]/eGbf 3/5]pdf h:tf]
k;n 5, To;df ;fdfg lsGbf
dx“uf] k5{ . ;fdfg lsgL/xg] /
ahf/sf af/]df hfGg]x¿n] s:tf
;fdfg 8n/ :6f]/df lsGbf
cfˆgf] art x'G5 eg]/ ;'´fj
lbPsf 5g . k};f arfpg] of]
Pp6f pkfo x'g;S5 M
kj{cg';f/ ;hfj6
s;}nfO{ pkxf/ lbg' 5 .
/+uLg sfuh, af“Wg] l/ag, l:6s/
rflxof] eg] 8n/ :6f]/ ;:tf]
k5{ . o:tf cj;/ jif{lbgdf
k6sk6s cfp“5g .
snf;DaGwL ;fdfg
:s"ndf gfgLx?n] ;hfj6sf
ljleGg ;fdu|L jf cGo snfTds
j:t' agfpg l;S5g . lrq g}
agfpg] ljrf/ unf{g . o:tf]
cj:yfdf rflxg] ;fdfgx?M
/+u, rlDsnf] kfp8/ -lUn6/_,
dfnfsf bfgf cflb 8n/ :6f]/–
x?df ;:tf]df kfOG5g . oL
;fdfg l6sfp x'g h?/L gx'g]
ePsfn] 8n/ :6f]/df lsGg'
kmfObf x'G5 .
;/;kmfOsf ;fdfg
3/ ;kmf ug]{ ;a} pTkfbgdf
Ps} vfnsf /;fog x'G5g .
gfd rn]sf pTkfbg lsGbf
dx“uf x'G5g . 8n/ :6f]/df
*n/ :^f]/df s] lsGg] <
o:tf j:t' ;:t} kfOG5g, h:tf]M
;kmfO ubf{ xftdf nufpg] kGhf,
k'5g] sk8f, ef8f df‰g] :kGh
-u2f_ .
lu|l6ª sf8{x¿
s'g} a]nf Pp6f sf8{ lsGbf
%–^ 8n/;Dd kYof]{ . 8n/
:6f]/df clxn] k|foMh;f] Ps
8n/df b'O6f sf8{ kfOG5g,
Tof] klg vfd;lxt . hxfF 5fGg
klg kfOG5 . s'g} sf8{df cIf/
5flkPsf x'G5g t s'g} s]xL
gn]lvPsf -vfnL jf ;fbf_
x'G5g .
df]hf
df]hf hlxn] klg lahf]8f
x'G5g, x/fp“5g, RofltG5g .
clg lsg kf] dx“uf lsGg' <
8n/ :6f]/df Ps 8n/df w]/}
hf]/;Dd kfpg ;lsG5 .
skfnsf ;fdfg
gfgLx?n] ;fdfg x/fO–
/xG5g, skfn l;+ufg{ rflxg]
ltg}dWo]sf ;fdfg x'g . lSnk,
skfn afFWg] Onfl:6s, sfOFof],
yfqmf], cflb ;:tf k5{g . oL
;fdfg c? :6f]/df kfOg] dxFuf
;fdfg h:tf x'G5g . =
kf6L{ ubf{ rflxg] ;fdfg
kf6L{ ubf{ rflxg] ;fdfg,
To;df klg gfgLx?sf] kf6L{sf
nflu ljz]if . kf6L{sf nflu
rflxg] Kn]6, g]klsg, rDrf,
sf“6f ;:tf]df kfOG5g . To;}–
u/L kf6L{sf ;hfj6sf ;fdfg
;:tf] k5{g .
>[+uf/sf ;fdfg
;fwf/0f :jf:Yo tyf >[+uf/–
sf ;fdfgx? oxf“ ;:tf]
k5{g . :jf:Yo ;fdu|Lsf] s'/f
ubf{M ue{wf/0f u/] jf gu/]
sf] hf“Rg] j:t'x?, dnxdx?,
k|fylds pkrf/sf ;fdfg, bfx|L
sf6bf rflxg] lqmd, d'v w'g]
-dfpy jf;_, xft–v'§fdf nufpg]
lqmd cflb . slxn]sfxL t gfd–
rn]sf pTkfbg ;:tf]df
a]lrPsf] e]l6G5 .
Rajesh
s] glsGg] <
8n/ :6f]/df o:tf ;fdfg
glsGbf /fd|f]M
à tf}lnof
à gfgLsf v]nf}gfx?
à :ofDk' / slG8;g/
à vfg]s'/f / k]okbfy{
à gofF ;fn :s"n hfFbf rflxg]
;fdu|Lx? .
s] lsGg] / s] glsGg] lg0f{o
ubf{ ahf/–efp t'ngf ug'{
/fd|f] x'G5 .

4. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/,
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
$
@)!%km]a|'c/L,jif{%c+s^*
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
bfb'/fk|lt ;ts{
cd]l/sf cfkm}+n] eg] ;g @)))
df bfb'/f pGd'ngsf] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] xf] . pGd'ng eg]sf]
nuftf/ !@ dlxgf bfb'/f g;g'{
eg]/ kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . t/
w]/} ;+Vofdf gofF cfk|jf;L /
ko{6s cfpg] d'n'sdf bfb'/fn]
a]nf avt 8/ eg] b]vfO/xG5 .
o;k6s o:t} ePsf] 5 .
Soflnkmf]lg{ofsf] l8Hg]
NofG8af6 km}lnPsf] bfb'/f Ps–
ltxfO{ /fHodf b]lvPsf]
5 . bfb'/f /f]usf nIf0fdf
b]lvb}+df 8/fpg' kb}{g . lsg
klg eg] oxfF pkrf/sf pkfo
k|z:t 5g . s]jn xfdL ;ts{
x'g cfjZos 5 .
bfb'/flj?4sf] vf]kaf6
afnaflnsfsf] /Iff ug{
;lsG5 . vf]k lbg 5'6fpg'
ePg . slx+ st} s;}nfO{
o;sf nIf0f b]lvP, c:ktfn
n}hfg'k5{ . ;ts{tf olx
xf] . wGojfb
cd]l/sfsf] klZrddf k|zfGt dxf;fu/
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test)
sf] lstfasf] k|Zg gDa/ *(
/ pQ/M
à ;+o'St /fHo cd]l/sfsf]
klZrd lsgf/f -;d'b|L–t6_ df s'g
dxf;fu/ 5 < (What ocean
is on the West Coast of the
United States?)
– k|zfGt dxf;fu/
(Pacific Ocean) .
• •
cd]l/sfsf] klZrd
lsgf/fdf k|zfGt dxf;fu/
5 . of] k[YjLsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf]
dxf;fu/ xf] / o;n] k[YjLsf]
Ps–ltxfO If]qkmn cf]u6]sf]
5 . k|zfGt dxf;fu/n]
cd]l/sL cy{tGqdf dxTjk"0f{
e"dLsf v]n]sf] 5, vf;u/L of]
df5f h:tf k|fs[lts
;|f]t xf] .
o'/f]k]nLx?n] k|zfGt dxf–
;fu/af/] !^ cf}+ ztfAbLdf
yfxf kfPsf lyP . :k]gL
cy{ …zflGtk"0f{Ú jf …l:y/Ú
x'G5 . pgsf] ofqfdf s'g}
cfFwL cfPg . ;lhn} ofqf
;kmn ePsfn] pgn] Kofl;lkms
gfd lbPsf lyP .
k|zfGt dxf;fu/;Fu
cd]l/sfsf cnf:sf (Alaska),
jfl;+u6g (Washington),
cf]/]ug (Oregon),
Soflnkmf]lg{of (California) /
xjfO{ (Hawaii) u/L % /fHosf
;Ldf hf]l8G5g .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 36
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 5}+tL;f}+ ;"rL -efu #^_
vf]hstf{ ef:sf] g'g]h
8] afNaf]cf (Vasco Núñez de
Balboa) ;g !%!$ df of]
dxf;fu/df k'u]sf lyP, ha
pgn] kfgfdf (Panama) sf]
O:yd; (Isthmus) kf/ u/] .
kl5 d;nfsf] vf]hLdf
lx+8]sf kml8{gfG8 dhfn]g (Fer-
dinand Magellan) n] k|zfGt
dxf;fu/ l5rf]n] . dhfn]gn]
g} c+u|]hL gfd Kofl;lkms
/fv]sf lyP . Kofl;lkmssf]
cd]l/sf / k|zfGt dxf;fu/ hf]l8Psf] Soflnkmf]lg{of /fHosf b[Zox¿
cfrfo{kl/jf/
• cheer :
gfd– efj, ef]hg, k|f]T;fxgsf]
af]nL, pQ]hgf, xif{, k|]/0ff,
k|;Ggtf, v'zL, xif{Wjlg,
hohosf/, s/tn Wjlg .
lqmof– k|]/0ff lbg', k|f]T;flxt
ug'{, 9f8; lbg', k|;Gg kfg'{,
cfglGbt t'Nofpg', xif{Wjlg
lbg', hohosf/ ug'{ .
• cheese :
gfd– klg/, 5]gf, 5'kL{, lrh .
lqmof– aGb ug'{ .
• chemical :
gfd– /f;folgs, /;fog;DaGwL,
/f;folgs .
• chemist :
gfd– cf}ifwL ljqm]tf, cf}iflw
k;n], /;fogzf:qL, /;fog–
ljb .
• chemistry :
gfd– /;fogzf:q,
/;foglj1fg, /;fogljBf .
• chest :
gfd– 5ftL, jIf, jIf:yn,
alnof] ;Gb's, afs;, .
• chew :
gfd– rkfO, rj{0f, rkfpg]
sfd, rkfOPsf] j:t' .
lqmof– rkfpg', rj{0f ug'{,
lrGtg ug'{, dgg ug'{, ;f]Rg' .
• Chicago :
gfd– l;sfuf], hg;+Vofsf
cfwf/df cd]l/sfsf] t];|f] 7"nf]
zx/, hf] Olngf]o /fHodf 5 .
• chicken :
gfd– s'v'/f, df;' vfg] s'v'/f,
rNnfx? .
lqmof– 8/fpg', sfFtl/g' .
• chief :
gfd– d'lvof, d'Vo JolQm,
gfOs], 7fn", ;/bf/, cWoIf .
ljz]if0f– d'Vo, k|wfg, k|d'v,
;jf]{Rr, ljz]if, dxTjk"0f{,
cu|0fL .
qmdzM