Racsko Réka: The Role of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in The New Learning Environments
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International strategies in higher education Eger 2014.06
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Racsko Réka: The Role of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in The New Learning Environments
- 1. Reka Racsko Eszterhazy Karoly College Institute of Media Informatics Department of Human Information Science
- 2. 1. Trends and challenges in the 21st century 2. The theoretical framework of the information literacy (IL) 3. The conceptual framework of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) 4. The MOOC- projects 5. Why is MOOC important? Benefits and challenges, criticisms 6. The Hungarian situation
- 9. Communication Skills Constellation Source: Catts, Ralph-Lau, Jesus( 2008): Towards Information Literacy Indicators: Conceptual framework paper. UNESCO : Paris p. 18. http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/wp08_InfoLit_en.pdf Source: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/~rheacock/buzz/pil_info.png
- 11. Poster, entitled "MOOC, every letter is negotiable," exploring the meaning of the words "Massive Open Online Course„ Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/mathplourde/8620174342/sizes/l/in/photostream/
- 14. Yuan, Li, and Stephen Powell. MOOCs and Open Education: Implications for Higher Education White Paper. University of Bolton: CETIS, 2013. http://publications.cetis.ac.uk/2013/667. http://www.edtechmagazine.com/higher/sites/edtechmagazine.com.higher/files/uploads/mooc-comparison-760.png
- 15. COURSERA eDX
- 17. 1. Appropriate for any setting that has connectivity (Web or Wi-Fi) 2. Any language or multiple languages 3. Any online tools 4. Escape time zones and physical boundaries 5. Produce and deliver in short timeframe (e.g. for relief aid) 6. Contextualized content can be shared by all 7. Informal setting 8. Peer-to-peer contact can trigger serendipitous learning 9. Easier to cross disciplines and institutional barriers 10. Lower barriers to student entry 11. Enhance personal learning environment and/or network by participating 12. Improve lifelong learning skills
- 20. Source: http://elearninginfographics.com/wp-content/uploads/European-MOOCs- Infographic-620x438.gif
- 21. • We plan some courses, and we made some preperations: • Electronic Learning Enviornment • Academic Writing • First-Aid • Wine-culture in Hungary (12 lectures) videotorium.hu Source: Líceum Tv https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIhT0sUkiIQ
Editor's Notes
- In my presentation I would like to show the ICT trends and challanges in 21st century and the role of information literacy in the information overloaded world. According to the recently published How Much Information? study by the Global Information Industry Center (GIIC) at the University of California San Diego, the average person living in the United States consumes a staggering 3.(point)6 zettabytes of data every day. The GIIC study goes on to explain just how all that data breaks down, but since you're busy and have much more pressing information to process. Too much information can affect the learning methods, and the students can have negative attitude of learning. The Massive Open Online Course has more advantages: you can improve your information literacy and digital competences, build social network with people with same interests, you can take some course at the top universities. There are many MOOC project all over the worls in many subject, and you can take a part of this courses from home via internet. In my presetation I show the feautures of MOOC, and the benefits and challanges in concept of e-learning and distance learning. The last part of my study I show the planned, Hungarian development pilot-projects.
- Most people are familiar with Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs which was developed in 1943. The idea is that one must satisfy lower level basic needs before progressing on to meet higher level needs. It isn’t until these needs are met, that one can reach the highest level called self-actualization. Even the most basic needs change with time, which is the reason Maslow’s Model has been edited since its introduction. Today, we agree with the editor of the image that includes WiFi as a basic need on Maslow’s Hierarchy. “WiFi” has truly become one of the most basic needs for most people in the world. Although it is funny, there is some truth to it. We live in a connected world and most people feel naked when they don’t have their smartphone or can’t access a wireless network. So, it appears to have become a pretty basic need! Sure, you can fulfill your basic needs without being connected to the internet, but it is getting harder by the day. Many of the original basic needs are being supported by the internet.
- A recent research of University of California shows that an average American consumes information 12 hours a day. It equals about 100.000 words or 30 GB of information. The question is: Based on our information literacy (or digital competence) how much of all can we process? The question arises as to what percentage of the gained information is relevant, whether users can handle it with awareness and critical eyes and if this ability can be improved. My study seeks to answer these questions. We must pay attention to education, because a quarter of all students in Europe have poor reading competences, one in seven young people leave education and training too early.
- Now, our classrooms could use change. So, here's a classroom in the Northeast of America, MIT. And this was a classroom about 50 or 60 years ago, and this is a classroom today. According to some experts education really hasn't changed in the past years. The last big innovation in highher education was the printing press and the textbooks. Everything else has changed around us. You know, from healthcare to transportation, everything is different, but education hasn't changed.
- It's also been a real issue in terms of access. This is a classroom at the Obafemi Awolowo University in Nigeria. Now, I really believe that we can transform education, both in quality and scale and access, through technology. For example, at edX, they are trying to transform education through online technologies. Even the infrastructure has to change. We need to go from lectures on the blackboard to online exercises, online videos. We have to go to interactive virtual laboratories and gamification. We have to go to completely online grading and peer interaction and discussion boards. Everything really has to change.
- Information literacy is vital in the 21st century learning environment. According to Word Bank data, knowledge asset makes two thirds of the world assets. The conceptual framework of Informational Literacy is based on United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization definition. The IL is a part of our knowledge and the capacity of people to: Recognise their information needs; Locate and evaluate the quality of information; Store and retrieve information; Make effective and ethical use of information, and Apply information to create and communicate knowledge. If we were to plays this in a larger frame, we can outline the Communication Skills Constellation. In this figure we can determine that the digital competence is includes ICT skills, and both of them parts are of information literacy. The 2008 Obama election campaign chose October as the Month of Information Literacy. As an effect of this campaign, more project were carried out in the US. The second picture illustrates one of the study about college students’ research habits. It’s not so promising.
- Many people of Standford would like to reimagine education. The last year has seen the invention of a new four-letter word. It starts with an M. MOOC: massive open online courses. Many organizations are offering these online courses to students all over the world, for millions, for free. Anybody who has an Internet connection and the will to learn can access these great courses from excellent universities and get a credential at the end of it. A Massive Open Online Course (MOOC; /muːk/) is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web. In addition to traditional course materials such as videos, readings, and problem sets, MOOCs provide interactive user forums that help build a community for students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs). MOOCs are a recent development in distance education which began to emerge in 2012.[1][2] Although, early MOOCs often emphasized open access features, such as connectivism and open licensing of content, structure, and learning goals, to promote the reuse and remixing of resources, some notable newer MOOCs use closed licenses for their course materials, while maintaining free access for students: a MOOC is a way of learning. MOOC is a course, it's open, it's participatory, it's distributed and a lifelong networked learning.
- The number of courses offered has grown from about 100 MOOCs in 2012 to almost 700 starting in 2013, with an average of nearly two new MOOCs starting every day. More than 1200 courses have been announced so far. Coursera remains the largest MOOC provider by far, with almost half of all the MOOCs offered. But its share is slowly being reduced by new MOOC providers from different parts of the world. Aside from Coursera, edX, and Udacity, other startups from outside the U.S. are gearing up to offer MOOCs. To mention a few, 2013 saw the launch of FutureLearn,Open2Study, iversity, and France Université Numerique. The first wave of MOOCs in 2011 were overwhelmingly concentrated in theComputer Science/Engineering category. But we are now seeing the emergence of courses that tackle a broad array of topics. Significantly, theHumanities (comprising numerous sub-categories) has edged out Computer Science/Engineering to become the largest category. One particular fast-growing category is Education and Teaching where courses are geared towards teaching pedagogy (many of which are offered on Coursera).
- The table shows the most well-known MOOC’s with the statistics (maximum class size…, fee, certification, credit)
- All of the courses have similar characteristics: Course content is not located in any one place, but can be found all over the web. Participants and instructors aggregate, remix az repurpose that content during the course.Course participants are likely distibuted all over the world. Most MOOC’s are free, there may be a fee, if the participant is working toward a form accreditation. MOOC’s can be massive with a few hundred to several thousand participants engaged in a course simultaneousaly. The courses do not have specific requirements, but active participants are required to stay up to date with rough schedules. The Classroom is on of the many hubs where interaction occurs, including personal blogs or portfolios, websites, social netwoking sites and more. One idea is active learning. The idea here is, rather than have students walk into class and watch lectures, we replace this with what we call lessons. Lessons are interleaved sequences of videos and interactive exercises. So a student might watch a five-, seven-minute video and follow that with an interactive exercise. Think of this as the ultimate Socratization of education. You teach by asking questions. And this is a form of learning called active learning, and really promoted by a very early paper, in 1972, by Craik and Lockhart, where they said and discovered that learning and retention really relates strongly to the depth of mental processing. Students learn much better when they are interacting with the material. This is the secret of the MOOC.
- The MOOC Guide[136] lists 12 benefits: Appropriate for any setting that has connectivity (Web or Wi-Fi) Any language or multiple languages Any online tools Escape time zones and physical boundaries Produce and deliver in short timeframe (e.g. for relief aid) Contextualized content can be shared by all Informal setting Peer-to-peer contact can trigger serendipitous learning Easier to cross disciplines and institutional barriers Lower barriers to student entry Enhance personal learning environment and/or network by participating Improve lifelong learning skills
- The MOOC Guide[136] lists 5 possible challenges for collaborative-style MOOCs: Participants must create their own content Digital literacy is necessary Time and effort required from participants It is organic, which means the course will take on its own learning style, speed Participants must self-regulate and set their own goals
- In this picture you can see the distribution of MOOCs per country in Europe. As you see Hungary has not MOOC yet.
- We have worked out curriculum and sylabi for the courses below. We have filmed the lectures and produce the multi-media metarial for the courses on this slide. We are planning to start a series of MOOC lectures in the near future. I hope at the next conference I can speak about the experience of this pilot-project.