This document provides guidelines for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines. It outlines the basic steps for performing CPR on adults, children, and infants, including checking for responsiveness, calling for help, checking breathing, beginning chest compressions, providing breaths, using an automated external defibrillator, and relieving choking. The guidelines emphasize compressing at a rate of 100 times per minute and adjusting hand placement and compression depth based on the age of the victim.

1. How to do CPR
(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
.
2010 Guidelines
American Heart Association
m
First Response Training, LLC

2. Disclaimer
 This presentation is not a substitute from
taking a class in person.
 Please use this presentation as a refresher.
 Please sign up for a class to get to practice
the “hands on skills”
Conor Devery, EMT-P………..
First Response Training, LLC

3. Adult CPR
 Make sure scene is safe
 Check for responsiveness
 If no response, call 911 and get the AED
 Check for breathing
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths until the
AED arrives, EMS takes over, or the victim
moves
 If uncomfortable doing mouth to mouth – just do
compressions

4. Hand Placement
 Place heel of one hand in center of chest
 Interlock fingers of the other hand
Lean forward so your shoulders are over
your hands
 Press straight down with elbows straight
 Push down at least 2 inches
Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions
per minute

5. Airway Management
Mouth – to - Mouth Mouth – to - Mask
If you are uncomfortable doing mouth-
to-mouth then skip it and
Just do Compressions

6. Adult CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement.
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Place hands in the center of the chest for
compressions
 Allow chest to recoil completely or return to its
normal position
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress at least 2 inches

7. Child CPR
 Check for responsiveness
 Yell for help but don't leave the victim
 Check for breathing
Max. of 10 seconds
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 After 30 compressions give 2 breaths
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles
or 2 minutes
 If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED

8. Hand Placement - Child
 Rescuer can use one or two hands to do
compressions
 Place heel of one hand in center of
chest
in line with nipple line.
 Lean forward so your shoulders are over
your hands
 Press straight down with elbows
Push down at least 1/3 to ½ depth of chest
 straight
Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions
per minute
If one arm is not strong enough use both
hands.

9. Child CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Place hands in the center of the chest for
compressions
 Use 1 or 2 hands for compressions
 Allow chest to recoil completely
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest
 Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone

10. Infant CPR
 Check for responsiveness
 Yell for help but don't leave the victim
 Check for breathing
Max. of 10 seconds
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 After 30 compressions give 2 breaths
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles or
2 minutes
 If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED

11. Infant Compressions

12. Infant Mouth – to – Mouth and
Nose Resuscitation

13. Infant CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Perform compressions using 2 fingers placed 1 finger
width below the nipple line
 Allow chest to recoil completely
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress 1/3 the depth of the chest
 Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone
 AED can now be used for infants

14. Choking Relief

15. When NOT to do Choking Relief
If a person appears to be choking
 Ask the patient “Are you choking.”
If they can talk, or cough, they are not fully
choking
 Encourage them to keep coughing
 Call 911
Do NOT do abdominal thrusts if they can talk
or cough

16. Adult Choking - Responsive
• Stand behind the person and wrap your arms around the
person’s waist.
• Make a fist with one hand. Place the thumb side of your fist
just above the person’s navel, well below the breastbone.
..
• Grasp the fist with your hand.
• Make quick, upward and inward thrusts with your fists.
• Continue thrusts until the object is dislodged or the person
loses consciousness.
• If the person becomes unconscious, lower person to the floor,
call 911, and begin CPR. If you see the object blocking the airway,
try to remove it.

17. Adult Choking - Responsive
1/2 way
between navel
and xyphoid

18. Adult Choking - Unresponsive
 Lower them to the ground
and begin the steps of CPR
 Check mouth for object after
30 compressions
 If you see the object, you can
remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 and
get the AED
 Do not perform a blind finger
sweep

19. Child Choking - Responsive

20. Child Choking - Responsive
 Performing first aid for a choking child is very similar to
an adult. If the child does not clearly grab their throat
other danger signs for a child and an adult include:
 Inability to speak
 Weak, ineffective coughing
 Noisy breathing or high-pitched sounds while inhaling
 Difficulty breathing
 Bluish skin color
 Loss of consciousness if blockage is not cleared

21. Child Choking - Unresponsive
 Lower them to the ground and begin
the steps of CPR
 Look in the mouth before each
breath
 If you see the object, you can
remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 and get the
AED
 Do not perform a blind finger sweep

22. Infant Choking
The danger signs of true choking are: DO NOT
•Inability to cry or make much sound •DO NOT perform
•Weak, ineffective coughing these steps if the
•Soft or high-pitched sounds while infant is coughing
inhaling forcefully or has a
•Difficulty breathing - ribs and chest strong cry – either of
retract which can dislodge
•Bluish skin color the object on its own.
•Loss of consciousness if blockage is
not cleared

23. Infant Choking
Step 1: Back Blows
Step 2: Chest Thrusts

24. Infant Choking
Step 3: Object Removal
• Only remove object if
you can see it.
• No blind finger
sweeps
• If object not visible go
back to back blows
and chest thrusts

25. Choking Infant - Unresponsive
 Unresponsive Infant
 Place them on a hard, flat surface and begin the steps of CPR
 Look in the mouth before each breath
 If you see the object, you can remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 after 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR

26. Automated Extenal Defibrillator
(AED)

27. Automated External Defibrillator
(AED)
AEDs are computerized devices that
allow laypersons to attempt defibrillation
safely.
Here are a few facts about defibrillation:
 It is the most effective treatment for Ventricular Fibrillation, the
most common initial rhythm present in a victim of sudden
cardiac arrest.
 The probability of successful defibrillation decreases rapidly over
time

28. Use of an AED
 Power on the AED
 Apply pads to the victim's bare chest
 Plug the pads into the AED
 "Clear" the victim and allow it to analyze
 If a shock is advised, "clear" the victim again and press the shock
button
 Continue chest
compressions
 Every 2 minutes the power button
AED will repeat the
steps
shock button

29. Adult Child Infant
(age 9 and older) (1 year to puberty) (less than 1 year)
Activate 911 as soon as victim if alone, after 5 cycles of CPR
is found
Compression Center of the chest between the Just below the
Location nipples nipple line
Compression Heal of 1 hand same as adult or 2 fingers
Method with the other on heal of 1 hand for (2 hands encircling-
top small children thumb for 2-rescuer)
Compression 100 per minute
Rate
Compression- 30:2 30:2
Ventilation Ratio (or “hands only”)
AED yes yes Yes
(adult pads only) (child pads preferable. (child pads preferable.
If none, use adult) If none, use adult)

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