1. Introduction to Child, and
Infant CPR
Crystal Carrillo
CPR/First Aid Instructor Certified
Thrive to Five
2. What is CPR?
Cardio
Pulmonary
Resuscitation
• Allows providers to restore oxygen to the brain through
chest compressions and rescue breaths
• CPR is only a temporary measure that buys time until
advanced care is provided
• In adults: cardio (the heart)
• In children: respiratory (choking, drowning)
3. Before We Begin
Once you start CPR you can’t stop!
Unless….
• Fear for your life—gunfire, fire, explosion, violence,
fatigue, blood
• Help has arrived—911 or other aid
• Patient is revived—wakes up
• Victim has a DNR—do not resuscitate
Good Samaritan Law
• Must act in good faith
• Help to the best of your abilities
• Can’t leave victim once you start (abandonment)
• Render aid without payment or compensation
4. C-A-B Guidelines
Compressions
Airway
Breathing
• The C-A-B International Guidelines are a list of steps to
follow when performing CPR.
• Guidelines change every 5 years, new guidelines are
coming December of 2016.
5. Approaching a Situation
1. Make sure area is safe
2. Call 9-1-1
3. Check child/infant—tap
them, shake them, yell
4. Check for breathing/chest
rising
5. Check corroded artery
(under neck)—brachial
artery in infant (between
bicep/tricep)
If there is a heart
beat/pulse but NO
BREATHINGstart
with rescue breaths!
If there is no heart
beat/pulse and no
breathingstart with
CPR!
6. Types of Rescue
• Rescue Breaths (i.e. drowning)
• Heart beat + pulse but no sign of breathing
• Adult=1 breath every 5 seconds
• Child=1 breath every 4 seconds
• Infant=1 breath every 3 seconds
• CPR (i.e. cardiac arrest)
• No heart beat + no pulse + no breathing
• 30 compressions + 2 breaths
*your child can lose pulse during rescue breaths=CPR*
7. Rescue Breaths
• Child (1-8 years old)
• One breath every 4 seconds
• Infant (birth to 1 year old)—put mouth over nose!
• One breath every 3 seconds
*No compressions*
10. Scenario One
James and Victor (5 and 8 years old) are swimming in
the pool at a family party when Victor’s water wings
pop out of nowhere. Victor doesn’t know how to swim
on his own and immediately goes underwater. A nearby
cousin pulls him out of the pool but notices he is not
breathing. You are standing nearby, what should you
do?
11. 1. Assess the scene and ask for consent!—I know CPR,
may I help? Then direct someone to call 9-1-1
2. Tap/shake them and check for breathing
3. Check pulse, if there is a pulse…begin with rescue
breaths
4. Victor is 8—one breath every four seconds
5. After performing rescue breaths, Victor should cough
up water and be able to breath…put him in the
recovery position or wait until help arrives
*sometimes the pulse can be lost and will require CPR*
13. Adult (8 and older)
Child (1-8 years old)
• Make sure the scene is safe—don’t become a victim
while rescuing one
• Check for response—tap child, shout at them, look for
signs of life
• Call 911—get AED if available (Defibrillator)
• Quick assessment—check breathing, chest rising
• Check corroded artery (under neck)—in children/adults
*if not found in 10 seconds, assume there is no pulse*
• CPR Sequence—Compressions, Airway, Breathing
14. Adult/Child CPR Basics
• 30 compressions—2 breaths (5 cycles)
• Use one hand or two depending on size of child
• Continue this until 9-1-1, AED or another rescuer
arrives
• At least 100 compressions per minute (“Staying
Alive”)
• Compression depth—about 2 inches
17. Scenario Two
You are walking into a supermarket when you notice a
woman screaming. You check the aisle and see a young
boy lying on the ground. The woman does not know
what to do or what has happened to her child. You are
standing nearby, what do you do?
18. 1. Assess the situation and ask for consent!—I know
CPR, may I help? Then direct someone to call 9-1-
1/get AED
2. Tap/shake them then check for breathing
3. Check pulse….if there is no pulse, begin with
CPR—compressions first!
4. 30 compressions then two breaths, reassess after 5
cycles
5. Wait till help arrives!
19. First Steps:
Infant (birth-1 years old)
• Make sure the scene is safe
• Check for response from baby—tickle feet, yell, flick
foot
• Call 9-1-1—take baby with you!
• Quick assessment—check for crying or breathing
• Check brachial artery for pulse—between bicep and
tricep muscle (5-10 seconds)
• CPR Sequence—Compressions, Airway, Breathing
20. Infant CPR Basics
(birth-1 years old)
• 30 compressions—2 breaths (5 cycles)
• Use middle two fingers for compressions and line
them up with the chin below the nipple line
(“I love you”)
• Point baby’s nose up to the ceiling to expose
airway
• Cover both nose and mouth when giving breaths
• Don’t breath too heavily, just a cheek full
23. Scenario Three
You are babysitting your neighbor’s 6 month old
daughter, Charlotte. While you are watching T.V.
downstairs, you notice over the baby monitor that
Charlotte is not making any noises or babbling like she
normally does. When you walk upstairs to check on
her, you see she is not responsive. What should you
begin to do now?
24. 1. Call 9-1-1—baby is mobile!
2. Try to wake Charlotte up and assess her
breathing—Babinski reflex
3. Check for pulse in brachial artery…if no pulse,
begin compressions!
4. 30 compressions then two breaths, reassess after 5
cycles
5. Continue to do this until help arrives or until baby
is reponsive
25. AED (Automated External
Defibrillator)
• If you have an AED nearby, use it!
• Start with chest compressions before
using AED
• Once AED pads are placed on victim,
follow the instructions from the
Defibrillator
• Begin compressions once again after
shock
26. AED Placement
*In children and infants, one
pad should be in the middle
on the front of their chest and
the other should be on the
posterior middle*
*In adults, both pads
can be placed on chest
as shown in AED
instructions*
27. Choking: Child
• Always ask for parental consent!
“Are you choking?”
“May I help you?”
• Get on knees to level with child
• Dominant hand in fist and
use other hand to cover fist
• Abdominal Thrust for
adults/children—“J” motion
• Put in recovery position
28. Choking: Infant
• Check for signs—silent crying and
baby’s lips turn blue first then ears,
eyelids
• Use heel of hand for five back blows to
baby in between shoulder blades—grab
baby’s jaw line (Shaken Baby
Syndrome)
• Keep going until baby screams or the
object is out
29. Choking: Infant pt. 2
• Do a “baby sandwich” and flip him/her
over on the opposite arm
• Flip baby into “football” position—grab
baby’s head with opposite hand
• Give 5 compressions using two fingers
• Keep going until baby screams or the
object is out
• Sweep object out carefully to prevent it
from re-entering the airway
30. Choking can cause your
child to lose their pulse at
any time and require CPR,
be prepared!
32. Scenario Four
It is Saturday morning and you are taking your normal
jog through a busy park. You notice a family screaming
and pointing at their son. You rush over and they
explain that their 10 month old son found a balloon on
the floor and put it in his mouth. He is now choking
and turning blue, what do you do?
33. 1. Ask for consent!—I know CPR, may I help your
son?
2. Direct someone to call 9-1-1!
3. Flip baby over like a football, grab jawline, and use
the heel of your hand to give back blows (5 times)
4. Flip baby over on opposite arm and give five
compressions with two fingers
5. Do this until help comes or the object is out and
baby is crying
6. Sweep object out carefully to prevent it from
reentering airway
