The document outlines the essential procedures and components involved in Basic Life Support (BLS), including the sequence of actions for CPR, the use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED), and the importance of the chain of survival. It emphasizes the critical steps of checking for consciousness, breathing, and circulation, and the recommended compression-ventilation ratio during CPR. Additionally, it provides guidelines on safety and techniques for effective rescue breaths and compressions to improve patient outcomes during emergencies.

1. BY- PINKY RATHEE
M.Sc. Nursing

2. -Define BLS
-Explain steps & components of BLS
-Explain chain of survival
-CAB approach
-Explain about defibrillator
Learning Objectives:-

3. It refers to the care provided by healthcare
providers and public safety professionals to
patients who are experiencing respiratory arrest,
cardiac arrest or airway obstruction.
BLS includes psychomotor skills for performing
high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR),
using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and
relieving an obstructed airway for patients of all
ages.
Basic Life Support (BLS)

4. Basic life support is a sequence of
procedures performed to restore
the circulation of oxygenated
blood after a sudden pulmonary
and/or cardiac arrest.

5. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
Steps
of BLS

6. APPROACH SAFETY-
2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
SCENE
VICTIM
RESCUER

7. Safety Of Self
Safety Of Patient
Movement of a
trauma victim only
when:-
 absolutely
necessary [unstable
cervical spine]
 injured spinal cord
ENSURE SAFETY- scene

8. Rescuer – all, regardless of training, should
provide chest compression.
a) Untrained Left-right Hands-Only CPR
b)Trained CPR ± rescue breaths.
c) HCP CPR + rescue breaths, coordinate teamwork
RESCUER & VICTIM

9. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
CHECK RESPONSE-

10. Shake shoulders gently
Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.

11. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
SHOUT FOR HELP-

12. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
OPEN AIRWAY-

13. AIRWAY OPENING BY NECK EXTENSION

14. Head tilt and chin lift
OPEN AIRWAY

15. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
CHECK BREATHING-

16. LOOK, LISTEN AND FEEL
LOOK- chest compression.
LISTEN- breath sounds.
FEEL- warmth of breath.

18. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS-

19. Place the heel of one hand in the centre of
the chest.
Place other hand on top
Interlock fingers
When possible change CPR
operator every 2 min

20. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY
2 RESCUE BREATHS-

22. 2 RESCUE BREATHS
30 CHEST
COMPRESSIONS
CHECK BREATHING
OPEN AIRWAY
SHOUT FOR HELP
CHECK RESPONSE
APPROACH SAFETY

23. Components of BLS

25. CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

26. SIMPLIFIED
ADULT
BASIC
LIFE
SUPPORT
(BLS)

27. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
IRWAY
REATHING
IRCULATION

28. Check pulse- If pulse is not
definitely felt within 10
seconds, proceed with chest
compressions.
Position of victim
Must be supine on a firm flat
surface for CPR to be effective
CIRCULATION

29. “Push hard push fast”. Push at a rate of 100-120 per min.
Compression depth- at least 2 inches(5cm) not more than
2.5 inches
Release completely to allow the chest to fully recoil.
A compression-ventilation ratio should be - 30:2 .
During compression, elbows should not bend.
Never use the palm of your hand, use the heel of your
hand.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD COMPRESSION

30. Open Airway
 Jaw thrust
maneuver
 Head tilt and
chin lift
 No blind
finger sweep
AIRWAY

31. Use a barrier device of some type while giving
breaths.
Deliver each rescue breath over 1 second.
Give a sufficient tidal volume to produce visible
chest rise (500- 600ml).
Avoid rapid or forceful breaths.
When an advanced airway is in place during 2-
person CPR, ventilate at a rate of 8 to 10 breaths
per min.
GIVING RESCUE BREATHS

32. • Mouth-to-Mouth Rescue Breathing
• Mouth-to–Barrier Device Breathing
• Mouth-to-Nose and Mouth-to-Stoma Ventilation
• Ventilation With Bag and Mask
• Ventilation With an Advanced
Airway
METHODS OF RESCUE BREATHS

34. 102

35. EARLY DEFIBRILLATION
AED – Automatic external Defibrillator
• A battery operated device
• On applying to victim- detects and assesses
cardiac rhythm and prompts the user for
further action.
AED BOX contains -
• AED machine with battery and charger
• Two self sticking pads with cables &
connectors one razor.

36. AED MACHINE-
• On/Off switch.
• Plug with flashing
light near it.
• Shock delivery
button(orange).
• Speaker & volume
control for voice
prompt.
• Battery.

37. • Give ONE shock each time AED advises “SHOCK”
• Resume CPR immediately- 5 cycles ( 2 min )
starting with chest compressions
• After 2 minutes, AED will automatically start
analyzing again & prompt accordingly
• Non-shockable rhythm- AED prompts to check
for “signs of circulation” - Check Pulse (< 10sec)
a) No pulse : continue CPR
b)Pulse : discontinue CPR

38. PATIENT-
• Pacemaker
• Jewellery
• Hair on chest
• Damp/Wet skin
• Patches (NTG)
DEFIBRILLATION SAFETY

39.  Clinical nursing procedures; annamma Jacob; 3rd edition.
 http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/122/18_suppl_3/S862
 http://ajcc.aacnjournals.org/content/17/5/426.abstract
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precordial_thump
REFERENCES