Basic life support

1. CHOCKING AND RELIEF OF
CHOCKING IN 1 YEAR AND
OLDER.

2. DEF.
Chocking - Difficult breathing as result of airway obstruction.
Relief of chocking – effort to dislodge/ remove/open the airway

3. Causes of chocking
Foreign body
 water
 saliva
 soup
 Coin
 food bolus
 Any inhalable matter

4. Signs of chocking
The signs ranges from mild to severe.
Mild – low threshold/intensity
Severe – high threshold/intensity.

5. Mild signs
 Chocking with good air exchange
 Can cough forcefully.
 May wheeze between cough

6. Rescuer actions
 Encourage the victim to continue spontaneous coughing and breathing effort
 Monitor the patient within his/her efforts to expel the foreign body. Do not
interfere with the victims attempts to expel.
 If mild airway obstruction persist, activate EMS.

7. Severe signs
 Chocking with poor or no air exchange
 Weak ineffective cough or no cough at all.
 High pitched noise while inhaling or no noise at all.
 Increasing breathing difficulty.
 Cyanosis.
 Unable to speak following chocking.
 Clutching the neck with the thumb.

8. Rescuer actions
 Ask the victim if he/she is chocking.
 If he she nods “yes” and cannot talk, that’s severe chocking.
 Relieve the obstruction.

9. How to relieve chocking
 This is done through Heimlich manoeuvre ( use of abdominal thrust)
 It is only done in victims one year and older.
 DO NOT DO ABDOMINAL THRUST IN INFANTS TO RELIEVE CHOCKING.
 Abdominal thrust can be repeated severally to clear the airway

10. STEPS OF PERFOMING ABDOMINAL
THRUST
STE
P
ACTION
1 Stand or kneel behind the victim depending on the height and wrap your arms
round the waist
2 Make a fist with one hand and Place a thumb side of your fist agsist the victims
abdomen.
3 In the midline slightly above the navel ( umbilicus) and well below the breast
bone ( sternum)
4 Grasp your fist with the other hand and press into the victim’s abdomen with a
quick forceful upward thrust
5 Repeat the trust until the object is expelled from the airway or the victim
becomes responsive ( able to produce sound)

11. IMPORTANT TO NOTE
 If the victim is pregnant or obese, perform chest thrust instead of abdominal
thrust.
 If a responsive victim becomes unresponsive as you try to relieve chocking,
activate EMS, lower the victim to the ground and start CPR. Anytime you deliver
breaths, open the mouth wide and look for foreign body
 If you come a cross unresponsive chocking victim, activate EMS, start CPR ( C-A-B
sequence.)

12. SUCCESSFUL RELIEF OF OBSTRUCTION
Signs of relief in unresponsive victim
 Able to see the foreign object fro the airway
 Chest rise with breaths.
unresponsive Victims are treated like those of cardiac arrest after relieving chock if
they are still unresponsive.
If the victims respond, encourage to seek immediate medical attention

13. RELIEF OF CHOCKING IN IN INFANTS.
 Early recognition is key to successful outcome.
 Check for signs of airway obstruction.
 Clsassify into mild or severe the act according to the
individual case scenario

14. Signs of airway obstruction
Mild airway obstruction
 Good air exchange
 Can cough forcefully
 may wheez between coughs
Rescuer actions
 Do not interfere with infants
own effort but monitor
condition
 If mild airway obstruction
persist, activate EMS

15. Signs CT's
Severe obstructions.
 Poor or no air exchange
 Weak ineffective cough or no
cough at all
 High pitch noise while inhaling or
no noise at all.
 Increased respiratory difficulty
 Possible cyanosis
 unable to cry
Rescuer actions
 If the infant cannot make any
sound or breathe, that’s severe
airway obstruction and you must
try to relieve the obstruction

16. Steps for relieving chocking in responsive
infant
Steps Action
1 Kneel or sit with the infant on your lap
2 If its easy to do remove clothe from infant’s chest
3 Hold the infant facing down with the head slightly lower than the chest resting on your
forearm
Support the infants head and jaw with your hand.
Take care to avoid compressing the soft tissue of infant’s throat.
Rest your forearm your lap to support the infants.
4 Deliver up to 5 back slaps between the infant shoulder blade using the heel of your
hand.
Deliver each slap with sufficient forceto attempt to dislodge the foreign body.

17. Ste
p
Action
5 After 5 slaps place your free hand on the infants back
supporting the back of infant’s head with the palm of your
hand.
The infant will be cradled between your hands.
6 Turn the infant as a unit while carefully supporting the
head and neck
Hold the infant facing up with the forearm resting on your
lap.
Keep the infants head lower than the trunk

18. Steps ct’s
step Action
7 Provide up to 5 times quick downwards chest thrust in the middle of the
chest over the lower third of breast bone.
The rate of delivering thrust is 1 per second, each with an intension of
dislodging the foreign body.
8 Repeat the cycle of 5 slaps and chest thrust until the foreign object is out or
child becomes unresponsive.

19. RELIEVING CHOCKING IN UNRESPONSIVE
INFANT
Step Action
1 • Call for help, if someone responds send him to activate EMS.
• Place the infant in a firm flat surface.
2 • Begin CPR (starting with chest compression)
• Each time you open the airway for breath, check the foreign body at the
back of he throat and removeit.
3 • After 2 minutes of CPR (C-A-B SEQUENCE), activate EMS if no on e has
done so.