The document defines and describes several important scientific nutrition terms: Proteins are composed of amino acids and function to grow and repair tissues. Carbohydrates are a key energy source but too high intake can cause blood sugar fluctuations. Fats provide energy and fat-soluble vitamins while helping various bodily functions. Water is essential for growth, waste removal, and temperature regulation. Vitamins and minerals are required nutrients found in various foods that support many processes. Fibre is important for digestion but not absorbed by the body.