Howard Gardner first introduced the theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. The theory identifies nine types of intelligence: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, and existential. The document discusses strategies for applying multiple intelligences in the classroom, such as incorporating interdisciplinary elements, collaborative projects, varied presentation options, and community involvement. Applying multiple intelligences can help students demonstrate their strengths and accumulate positive educational experiences that help them solve problems in life.