Sensors are devices that detect changes in physical quantities and provide an output. There are different types of temperature sensors including voltage output, current output, digital output, and resistance output sensors. Semiconductor sensors are widely used and can detect various properties like pressure, with common examples being absolute, differential, and gauge pressure sensors. Research continues to expand the applications of semiconductor sensors in areas from consumer electronics to satellite sensing.

2. A Sensor is a device that detects events or changes in quantities and provides
a corresponding output

4.  Operation with reverse bias
 Capacitance should be
small
 Leakage current should be low

6.  In form of IC’s
 Thin silicon wafer
 thousands of devices can be fabricated
 Most popular are AD590 and LM35
 Basic principle

7. VOLTAGE OUTPUT TEMPERATURE SENSORS
 Need a source of power supply
 Effective linear output
 Low output impedance

8. CURRENT OUTPUT TEMPERATURE SENSORS
 High output impedance
 Need a input voltage source
 Constant current regulators

9. DIGITAL OUTPUT TEMPERATURE SENSORS
o Fabricated with analog to digital convertor on an IC chip
o Doesn’t provide a standard digital surfaces
o Cannot be employed with standard measuring devices

10. RESISTANCE OUTPUT TEMPERATURE SENSORS
 Typical semi conductor manufacturing equipment
 Offers high tolerance to iron migration
 Needs extra care

11. DIODE TEMPERATURE SENSORS
 Uses regular PN junction diode
 Very cheap and very efficient
 Provides temperature coefficient of around 2.3 mV/°C

12. a. Absolute Pressure Sensor

13. b. Differential Pressure Sensor

14. c. Gauge Pressure Sensor d. Negative pressure sensor

19. The possibilities of applications of the semiconductor sensors are endless.
Research is still going on, almost all the sensors employ the use of semiconductors,
thus called semiconductor sensors.
From a Remote control television to satellite sensing everything involves semiconductor
sensors