This document provides an overview of basic electronic components, including resistors, capacitors, diodes, light emitting diodes (LEDs), transistors, inductors, and integrated circuits (ICs). It describes the function of each component, with resistors being used to reduce current flow, capacitors to store electrical energy, diodes to only conduct current in one direction, LEDs to emit light when current flows through, transistors to amplify or switch signals, inductors to store energy in a magnetic field, and ICs integrating many electronic circuits onto a single semiconductor chip.

1. PREPARED BY- ARUNA.J.VASAVA

2.  Basic Electronics concept
 List of Components

3.  Electronics is the science of how to control electric energy,
energy which the electrons have a fundamental role.
 Its also deals with electrical circuits that involve active
electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistor,
diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive
electrical components and interconnection technologies.
 You will work with a number of basic electronic components
when building electronic circuits, including resistors,
capacitors, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits. Here is
a brief overview of the functions of each of these basic
electronic components.

4.  Resistor
 Capacitor
 Diode
 Light Emitting Diode(LED)
 Transistor
 Inductor
 Integrated Circuits (ICs)

5.  A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that
implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic
circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal
levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate
transmission lines, among other uses.
 Resistor is an electrical component that reduces the electric current.
The resistor's ability to reduce the current is called resistance and is
measured in units of ohms (symbol: Ω). If we make an analogy to
water flow through pipes, the resistor is a thin pipe that reduces the
water flow.

7.  A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in
an electric field. It is a passive electronic component with
two terminals.
 The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While some
capacitance exists between any two electrical conductors in
proximity in a circuit, a capacitor is a component designed to
add capacitance to a circuit. The capacitor was originally
known as a condenser or condensator.

9.  A diode is defined as a two-terminal electronic component
that only conducts current in one direction (so long as it is
operated within a specified voltage level). An ideal diode will
have zero resistance in one direction, and infinite resistance
in the reverse direction.

11.  A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source
that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in
the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing
energy in the form of photons. The color of the light
(corresponding to the energy of the photons) is determined
by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of
the semiconductor.

13.  A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or
switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed
of semiconductor material usually with at least three
terminals for connection to an external circuit.
 A transistor is a three-terminal device. Namely,
Base: This is responsible for activating the transistor.
Collector: This is the positive lead.
Emitter: This is the negative lead.

15.  An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive
two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a
magnetic field when electric current flows through it.
An inductor typically consists of an insulated wire wound into
a coil around a core.

17.  An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also
referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set
of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip")
of semiconductor material that is normally silicon.
 The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into
a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude
smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of
discrete electronic components.

19.  Wikipedia
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