Lec_2_MPMC.pdf

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MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER-MTE301
Dr. Susanta Kumar Rout
School of Engineering
Ajeenkya D Y Patil University,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
Email: susanta.rout@adypu.edu.in
Cont.No:7978072036, 9937681996
1/30/2023
ADYPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India Dr. Susanta kumar Rout

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1.Course number and name : MTE301-Microprocessor & Microcontroller
2.Credits and contact hours : 3-Credits and 3-hours/week
3.Instructor’s or course coordinator’s name: Dr. Susanta Kumar Rout
4.Text book, title, and author
A. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems using Assembly and C,
MuhammasMazidi, Janice Mazidi and RolinMcKinlay, Pearson Education, 2nd
edition.
B. The 8051 Microcontroller, Kenneth J. Ayala, Cengage Learning.
5. Reference book, title, and author
A. Microcontrollers Theory and Applications, Ajay Deshmukh, TATA McGraw Hill.
B. Embedded Systems and Robots- Projects using the 8051 Microcontroller, Subrata
Ghoshal, Cengage Learning.
1/30/2023
Microprocessor & Microcontroller-MTE301

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MPMC SYLLABUS
1. Introduction to Microprocessors
 Study of Microprocessor architecture with suitable examples, Study of Von Newman and
Harvard architecture, comparison of CISC and RISC Processors, Study of microcontroller
architecture and special features and its advantages, Memory interfacing with
microprocessors and microcontrollers. Memory mapped and IO mapped interfacing.
Clock frequency and speed of instruction execution. Measurement of performance of
microprocessor.
2. Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller
 8051 architecture, Pin description, Internal and external memories, timing diagrams for
memory interfacing, Counters and Timers, Serial communication, Stack and Stack
Pointer, Port Structure and Interrupts.
1/30/2023

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3. Addressing Mode and Instruction Set of 8051
 8051 Addressing modes, 8051 Instruction set, Microcontroller Application Development
tools- Simulator, Emulator, In-circuit Emulator (ICE), Logic Analyzer, ISP, Cross
assembler, Introduction to Embedded C programming.
4. Real World Interfacing
 Interfacing 8051/89C51 to LED with and without interrupt, ADC, DAC, LCD and keypad
(consider debounce), Stepper motor, SPI bus. RS 232, RS 485, I2C bus standard,
Interfacing ADC, DAC, memory, RTC with 8051 using I2C bus.
5. Case Study: Data Acquisition System Design
 Designing microcontroller-based Data Acquisition System. Design of sensor interfacing,
signal conditioning of input stage, selection of ADC, selection of output drivers. Writing
efficient programs using Assembly language or Embedded C.
1/30/2023
MPMC SYLLABUS

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1. Introduction to Microprocessors
 Study of Microprocessor architecture with suitable examples.
 Study of Von-Newman and Harvard architecture.
 Comparison of CISC and RISC Processors.
 Study of microcontroller architecture and special features and its advantages.
 Memory interfacing with microprocessors and microcontrollers.
 Memory mapped and IO mapped interfacing.
 Clock frequency and speed of instruction execution.
 Measurement of performance of microprocessor.
Microprocessor & Microcontroller-MTE301

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8085-Microprocessor
Here, we will discuss about,
1. Feature of 8085.
2. Pin Configuration of 8085.
3. Architecture of 8085.
4. Register Structure of 8085.
5. Bus Organisation of 8085.
6. Timing, control, and instruction set of 8085 microprocessor.

8085 PIN CONFIGURATION
Microprocessor and microcontroller
Dr. Susanta Kumar Rout
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8085 PIN CONFIGURATION
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Cont…
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1. Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced in 1977.
2. 8085 requires only a +5 volt power supply.
3. 8085 is a 40 pin IC, DIP package. The signals from the pins can be grouped as
follows.
A. Power supply and clock signals.
B. Address bus.
C. Control and status signals.
D. Interrupt control signals.
E. Serial I/O control ports signal.
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PIN DESCRIPTION

PIN-1 [X1] and PIN-2 [X2]
These are terminals to be connected to an external crystal oscillator (R-C N/W
connection or L-C N/W connections) to set the frequency of internal clock
generator, which is suitable for the operation of microprocessor.
The frequency is internally divided by two. Since the basic operating timing
frequency is 3MHz (3.125 MHz), a 6MHz crystal is connected externally. The
minimum operating timing frequency is 500KHz.
PIN-3 [RESET OUT]
It indicates CPU is being reset.
It is used to reset all the connected devices when the microprocessor is reset.
Cont…
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PIN-4 [SOD]
It is a serial output data line.
It is for single bit serial communication output port.
PIN-5 [SID]
It is a serial input data line.
It is for single bit serial communication input port.
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Cont…

Q: What is an interrupt?
Interrupt is a signal that inform to CPU to perform a specific task.
Q: Mention the interrupt pins of 8085 microprocessor.
There are five interrupt pins from pin-6 to pin-10.
These are TRAP, RST7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5 and INTR respectively.
Q: What is maskable and non-maskable interrupt?
The interrupt which can be disabled by software means, is called a maskable interrupt
otherwise non-maskable interrupt.
INTERRUPT
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Q: What is mean by priority of an interrupt?
If 8085 is interrupted by more than one interrupt at the same time, the one which
have highest priority will serve first and so on.
Interrupt priority Address location
TRAP Highest (1) 0024H
RST 7.5 2 003CH
RST 6.5 3 0034H
RST 5.5 4 002CH
INTR LOWEST (5) Non-vector
PRIORITY
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PIN-11 [ ]
Interrupt acknowledge is used after an INTR is accepted.
Q: What is mean by the statement that 8085 microprocessor is a 8-bit
microprocessor?
A microprocessor which has n-data lines is called an n-bit microprocessor i.e. the
width of data-bus determines the size of the microprocessor.
Hence, an 8-bit microprocessor like 8085 can handle 8-bit of data at a time.
PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont…)
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Q: What is mean by bus in MPMC?
A bus is a bunch of wires through which data or address or control signal flow.
Q: What is the distinguishing feature of data bus (DB) and address bus (AB)?
Microprocessor can import or export data through data bus. So in 8085
microprocessor data bus are bidirectional in nature.
Microprocessor can address/communicate with peripheral through the address bus.
Hence it is unidirectional.
BUSES
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Q: What is the addressing capability of 8085 microprocessor?
In 8085 microprocessor have16 address line. So it can address maximum of 216
different address location. But in 8085 microprocessor each memory location is 8-bit
(1 byte) i.e. it can hold 8-bit data in each memory location.
Hence the maximum address capability of 8085 is 216 × 1 byte = 64 KB.
The addressing range is 0000H–FFFFH (0 D-65,535 D).
Addressing Capability
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PIN 12-19 [AD0-AD7]
Multiplexed A/D bus i.e. these multiplexed set of lines (8) used to carry the lower
order 8-bit address as well as data bus.
PIN-20 [Vss/GND]
Ground reference (0 volt)
PIN 21-28 [A8–A15]
Output pins.
These are higher 8-bit address bus that means it carries the most significant 8-bit of
the memory address or the 8-bits of the I/O address.
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PIN-29 and PIN-33 [S0 & S1]
It shows the status of data bus.
S1 S0 Operation
0 0 Halt
0 1 Write
1 0 Read
1 1 Fetch
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Q: What is the function of ALE in 8085?
Pin 30 is the ALE (i.e, Address Latch Enable) pin which stands for address latch
enable. It is used to de-multiplex the lower order AD bus pin (12 to 19).
ALE = 1 ; It activate A0-A7 i.e. lower 8-bit address bus.
= 0 ; It activate D0-D7 i.e. lower 8-bit data bus.

PIN-31 [WR]
 It is an active low, out-put pin.
 It is a signal to control write operation.
 When it goes low, the data on the data bus is written into the selected memory
location or I/O device.
PIN-32 [ RD ]
 It is an active low, out-put pin.
 It is a signal to control read operation.
 When it goes low, the data bus ready to accept data from the memory location or
I/O device.
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PIN-34 [ IO / M ]
 It is a status signal indicates that the read/write operation relates to whether the
memory or I/O device.
 P 34 = 1 (high) , then the address bus is for I/O device.
= 0 (low) , then the address on the address bus is for the memory.
PIN-35 [Ready]
 It indicates the peripheral is ready to transfer data or not.
 P35 = 1 ; Ready to use.
= 0 ; wait till it goes high.
That means the microprocessor enter into wait state while the ready pin is disable.
Q: What is program counter?
The program counter is a special-purpose register in which at a particular time it stores
the address of the nest instruction to be executed.
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PIN-36 [RESETIN]
 It reset the program counter to zero.
 It also reset interrupt enable and HLDA flip-flop. It does not affect any other flag or
register except instruction register.
PIN-37 [CLOCKOUT]
 Clock-out is used as the system clock for peripherals and devices interfaced with
the microprocessor.
 It is a clock output for user, which can be used for other digital ICs.
PIN-38 [HLDA]
 It is a signal for hold acknowledgement.
 P38 = 1 ; It indicates that the HOLD request has been received. After the removal
of a HOLD request the HLDA goes low.
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PIN-39 [HOLD]
P39 = 1 ; It suspends normal operation of microprocessor,
that means the device is requesting the use of the address and data bus.
NOTE:
HOLD signal is generated by the DMA controller circuit. On receipt of this signal, the
microprocessor acknowledges the request by sending out HLDA signal and leaves out
the control of the buses. After the HLDA signal the DMA controller starts the direct
transfer of data.
PIN-40 [Vcc]
8085 operates on a +5v power supply, with the +5v line connected to Vcc.
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