Lec_1_MPMC.pdf

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MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER-MTE301
Dr. Susanta Kumar Rout
School of Engineering
Ajeenkya D Y Patil University,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
Email: susanta.rout@adypu.edu.in
Cont.No:7978072036, 9937681996
1/24/2023
ADYPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India Dr. Susanta kumar Rout

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1.Coursenumberand name : MTE301-Microprocessor& Microcontroller
2.Credits andcontact hours : 3-Credits and 3-hours/week
3.Instructor’sor coursecoordinator’s name: Dr. SusantaKumarRout
4.Textbook, title, and author
A. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems using Assembly and C,
MuhammasMazidi, Janice Mazidi and RolinMcKinlay, Pearson Education, 2nd
edition.
B. The8051 Microcontroller, KennethJ. Ayala, CengageLearning.
5. Referencebook, title, and author
A. Microcontrollers Theoryand Applications, AjayDeshmukh, TATAMcGraw Hill.
B. Embedded Systems and Robots- Projects using the 8051 Microcontroller, Subrata
Ghoshal,CengageLearning.
1/24/2023
Microprocessor & Microcontroller-MTE301

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MPMC SYLLABUS
1. Introduction to Microprocessors
 Study of Microprocessor architecture with suitable examples, Study of Von
Newman and Harvard architecture, comparison of CISC and RISC Processors,
Study of microcontroller architecture and special features and its advantages,
Memory interfacing with microprocessors and microcontrollers. Memory
mapped and IO mapped interfacing. Clock frequency and speed of instruction
execution. Measurement ofperformance of microprocessor.
2. Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller
 8051 architecture, Pin description, Internal and external memories, timing
diagrams for memory interfacing, Counters and Timers, Serial communication,
Stack and Stack Pointer, Port Structure and Interrupts.
1/24/2023

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3. Addressing Modeand InstructionSet of 8051
 8051 Addressing modes, 8051 Instruction set, Microcontroller Application
Development tools Simulator, Emulator, In-circuit Emulator (ICE), Logic Analyzer,
ISP, Cross assembler, Introductionto Embedded C programming.
4. Real WorldInterfacing
 Interfacing 8051/89C51 to LED with and without interrupt, ADC, DAC, LCD and
keypad (consider debounce), Stepper motor, SPI bus. RS 232, RS 485, I2C bus
standard, InterfacingADC, DAC, memory, RTC with 8051 using I2C bus.
5. CaseStudy: Data AcquisitionSystem Design
 Designing microcontroller-based Data Acquisition System. Design of sensor
interfacing, signal conditioning of input stage, selection of ADC, selection of output
drivers.WritingefficientprogramsusingAssemblylanguageorEmbedded C.
1/24/2023
MPMC SYLLABUS

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1. Introduction to Microprocessors
 Study of Microprocessor architecture with suitable examples.
 Study ofVon-Newmanand Harvard architecture.
 Comparisonof CISC and RISC Processors.
 Study of microcontroller architecture and special features and its advantages.
 Memory interfacingwith microprocessorsand microcontrollers.
 Memory mapped and IO mapped interfacing.
 Clock frequency and speed of instructionexecution.
 Measurement ofperformance of microprocessor.
Microprocessor & Microcontroller-MTE301

Q: What is Microcomputer?
The term microcomputer is generally synonymous with personal computer, or a
computerthat depends on a microprocessor.
A microcomputer contains a central processing unit (CPU) on a microchip (the
microprocessor), a memory system (typically ROM and RAM), a bus system and I/O
ports.
Q: What is Microprocessor?
Micro-processoris a silicon chip around which a microcomputeris built.
 It includes ALU, registercircuits, and control circuits.
Q: What is Microcontroller?
It is Silicon chip which includesmicroprocessor,memory, and I/O in a singlechip.
Microprocessor and Microcomputer
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Microprocessor chronology
Year Name Developer Max clock (first version) Size (bits)
1971 4004 Intel 740 kHz 4
1972 8008 Intel 500kHz 8
1974 8080 Intel 2 MHz 8
1974 IMP-4 National 500 kHz 4
1974 4040 Intel 740 kHz 4
1974 6800 Motorola 1 MHz 8
1974 TMS 1000 Texas Instruments 400 kHz 4
1977 8085 Intel 3.0 MHz 8
1978 6809 Motorola 1 MHz 8
1978 8086 Intel 5 MHz 16
1979 8088 Intel 5 MHz 8/16
1982 80186 Intel 6 MHz 16
1985 80386 Intel 16-40 MHz 32
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Year Name Developer Max clock (first version) Size (bits)
1989 80486 Intel 25 MHz 32
1993 Pentium Intel 60-66 MHz 32
1995 Pentium Pro Intel 150-200 MHz 32
1997 Pentium II Intel 233-300 MHz 32
1999 Pentium III Intel 450-600 MHz 32
2000 Pentium 4 Intel 1.3-2 GHz
2003 Pentium M Intel 0.9-1.7 GHz
2006 Core Duo Intel 1.1-2.33 GHz
2006 Core 2 Intel 1.06-2.67 GHz
2008 Atom Intel 0.8-1.6 GHz
2012 Core i7 Intel 2.5-3.7 GHz
Cont…
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Microprocessor/Microcontroller
Microcontroller Microprocessor
It is a singlechip consistsof It is a CPU.
1. Microprocessor,
2. Memory, and
3. I/O in a singlechip.
Memory, I/O Ports to be connected
externally.
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8085-Microprocessor
Here, we will discuss about,
1. Featureof 8085.
2. Pin Configurationof 8085.
3. Architectureof8085.
4. RegisterStructureof8085.
5. Bus Organisationof 8085.
6. Timing, control, and instructionset of 8085 microprocessor.

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The Feature of 8085-Microprocessor
1. It is an 8-bit microprocessor i.e. it can accept, process, or provide 8-bit data
simultaneously.
2. It operates on a single +5 V power supply connected at VDD ; power supply ground
is connected to VSS.
3. It operates on clock cycle with 50% duty cycle.
4. It has on chip clock generator. This internal clock generator requires tuned circuit
like RC, LC or crystal. The internal clock generator divides oscillator frequency
by 2 and generates clock signal, which can be used for synchronizing external
devices.
5. It can operate with a 3 MHz clock frequency. The 8085A-2 version can operate at
themaximumfrequency of 5 MHz.
6. It has 16 address lines; henceit can access (216 = 65,536)64 Kbytes of memory.

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Cont…
7. It provided 8-bit I/O addresses to access (28) 256 I/O ports.
8. In 8085, the lower 8-bit address bus (A0-A7) and data bus (D0-D7) are
multiplexed to reduce number of external pins. But due to this, external hardware
(latch)is required to separateaddress lines and data lines.
Q. What is Address Bus:
 Theaddress bus is actually givingaddress to the memory.
 memory is a collectionofset of locationswherethe values are stored.
 So, whenever we are talking about memory we have to tell which location we
want to access.
 If I consider memory as a container like this. It has got several slots in it so, I have
to tell which slot am I referring to. This is actually given in the address bus. So,
processorgivetheaddress on the address bus.

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Q. What is Data Bus:
The processor as part of execution will try to write something onto the memory or it
will try to read something from the memory. Same is true for the IO, the processor may
try to read something from the peripheral device or it may try to write on to the
peripheral device.
So, this data bus contains the data coming from the processor or it can it can contains
thedata coming from the peripheral.
The direction is from the processor towards the memory or peripheral data bus is bi-
directional, because I can have this data transferred from the processor to the memory
or from memory to the processor.
Cont…

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Q. What is Control Bus:
The control bus is again the collection of lines that sense control signals to the
memory and control signalsto the processorto the peripheral.
So, these control lines are also coming from the CPU or the processor where it will
givethe control signalsto these modules.
Cont…

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Cont…
9. 8085 microprocessorsupports74 instructionswith thefollowing addressingmodes:
i) Immediateaddressing mode.
ii) Registeraddressingmode.
iii)Direct addressingmode.
iv) Indirect addressingmode.
v) Implied addressing mode.
10. TheArithmeticLogicUnit (ALU) of 8085 performs:
a) 8-bit binary addition with orwithoutcarry.
b) 16-bit binary addition.
c) 2 digit BCD addition.
d) 8-bit logical AND, OR, EX-OR, complement(NOT), and bit shift operations.

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Cont…
11. It has 8-bit accumulator, flag register, instruction register, six 8-bit general purpose
register (B, C, D, E, H, and L) and two 16-bit registers (SP and PC). Getting the
operand from the general purpose registers is more faster than from memory. Hence,
skilled programmers always prefer general purpose registers to store program variables
than memory.
12. It providesfivehardwareinterrupts:TRAP, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5 and INTR.
13. It has serial I/O control which allows serial communication.
14. It provides control signals (IO/M, RD, WR) to control the bus cycles, and hence
external bus controlleris not required.
15. The external hardware (another microprocessor or equivalent master) can detect
which machinecyclemicroprocessoris executing usingstatus(IO/M, S0, S1).

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This feature is very useful when more than one processors are using common system
resources(memory and I/O devices).
16. It has a mechanism by which it is possible to increase its interrupt handling
capacity.
17. The 8085 has an ability to share system bus Direct Memory Access (DMA)
controller. This feature allows to transfer large amount of data from I/O device to
memory or from memory to I/O devicewith high speeds.
18. It can be used to implement three microcomputer with supporting I/O device like
IC 8155 and IC 8355.
Cont…

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