To aware people, i upload it.

1. Iron Deficiency
Anemia
- Mahmuda Mimi

3.  Contents….
• Introduction
• Definition
• Signs and Symptoms
• Causes
• Risk Factors
• Complications
• Investigations
• Medical management
• Nursing management
• Prevention

4. Iron
An important
components of RBC in Hg
that carries Oxygen from
lungs to whole body.

5. Functions of Iron
1.Carrying Oxygen
2.Maintaining healthy
immune system
3.Aiding energy production

6. Anemia
1. A clinical condition
2.Decreased level of Hg.
3.Characterized by pale
skin & mucus
membrane.

7. Normal Hg Level

8. A common type of anemia —
the condition in which blood
lacks adequate healthy red
blood cells.

11.  Signs and Symptoms During
Pregnancy….
 Fatigue &
weakness
 Pale or yellowish
skin
 Irregular
heartbeats
 Dyspnea
• Dizziness or
lightheadedness
• chest pain
• Cold hand & feet
• Headache

12.  Causes….
 Acute & chronic bleeding
 Gastrectomy
 Malabsorption syndrome
 Vit B6 deficiency
 Effects of alcohol abuse
 Drug induced
 Lack of iron in diet.

13.  Risk Factors….
Previous or recent blood donation
Previous history of IDA
Inadequate dietary intake
Over blood loss due to any disease condition
Family history of iron deficiency anaemia
Family history of haemoglobinopathies.
Heavy pre-pregnancy menstrual flow

14.  Complications…
 In Maternal…..
Breathing difficulties
Fainting
Tiredness,
 Palpitations
•Sleep difficulties.
•Increased risk of developing
perinatal infection
•Pre- eclampsia
•Bleeding problem

15.  In Fetal:
• Premature baby
• Low birth weight baby
• A baby with iron deficiency anemia
• Less mental ability

16. Investigations
 HCT (Hematocrit)
 Normal range of HCT…
o In adult male: 45% to 52%
o In adult female: 37% to 48%
 Urine analysis (to exclude hematuria)
 Gastroscopy (to detect problem in GI)
 Colonoscopy (to detect problem in colon)
 Fecal occult blood test (FOBt)
 Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBc)

17.  Medical
Management…
 Diet- high-iron, high protein, high ascorbic acid, high
vitamin with increased fluids.
 Oxygen therapy
 Position- Semi-fowler’s positioning
 Activity- bed rest
Anti- anemics drug: Ferrous sulfate, Iron dextran
Vitamins- Pyridoxine
ascorbic acid

18.  Nursing Management….
Maintain patient’s diet.
 Encourage fluids.
 Administer oxygen as needed.
 Assess cardiovascular and respiratory status.
 keep the patient in semi-fowler’s position.
 Monitor vital signs, input/output and lab
studies.

19. Cont…..
 Administer medications as prescribed.
 Allay the patient’s anxiety.
 Provide mouth, skin, and foot care.
 Protect the patient from falls.
 Keep the patient warm.
 Monitor stool, urine, and emesis for occult
blood.

20.  Prevention….
It is mainly caused by inadequate iron
intake, iron deficiency anemia which ca
be prevented by eating a diet high in iron-
rich foods and vitamin C. Mothers should
make sure to intake proper iron and
maintaining iron based diet.

21.  Cont….
 Foods high in iron include:
• Meat, such as lamb, pork, chicken, and beef
• Beans
• Pumpkin and squash seeds
• Leafy greens, such as spinach
• Raisins and other dried fruit
• Eggs
• Seafood, such as clams, sardines, shrimp, and oyster
• Iron-fortified dry and instant cereals

22.  Cont…
 Foods high in vitamin C include:
 Fruits such as oranges, grapefruits, strawberries,
kiwis, guavas, papayas, pineapples, melons, and
mangoes
 Broccoli
 Red and green bell peppers
 Brussels sprouts
 Cauliflower
 Tomatoes
 Leafy greens

23. Any
Question

24. Thank
You