Iron deficiency anemia is a condition caused by low levels of iron in the blood. It develops when the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells due to insufficient iron. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and feeling tired. Risk factors include heavy menstrual periods, pregnancy, internal bleeding, poor diet, and certain medical conditions. Prevention involves eating a diet rich in iron from foods like red meat, seafood, beans, and dark leafy greens, along with taking an iron supplement if needed.

1. SUBMITTED BY
Name :- Dev Shankar Singh
ID No:- 22MSCFN003
Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture,
Technology and Sciences
SUBMITTED TO:-
Dr. RITU DUBEY MAM

2. Flow of Presentation
 Introduction
 Causes
 Sign and Symptoms
 Physiological Changes
 Risk Factors
 Prevention

3.  Anemia is a condition in which you lack enough
healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen
to your body's tissues.
 Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, an
erythrocyte (red blood cell) protein that transfers
oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
 A condition of too little iron in the body.
 A condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy
red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to
the body's tissues. As the name implies, iron
deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron.

4.  Inadequate iron intake
 Pregnancy or blood loss due to menstruation
 Internal bleeding
 Inability to absorb iron
 Endometriosis
 Genetics

6. Physiological Changes in Iron Deficiency Anemia
 The physiologicalconsequencesinclude fatigue, lethargy, and
dyspnea;conversely, iron repletionin iron-deficientindividualshas
been shown to improve exercise capacity. The myocardium, with its
high energydemands,is particularly at risk from the effects of iron
deficiency.
 Fatigue is a feeling of constant tiredness or weakness and can be
physical, mental or a combination of both. It can affect anyone, and
most adults will experience fatigue at some point in their life.
 Lethargy causes you to feel sleepy or fatigued
and sluggish. This sluggishness may be physical
or mental.
 Shortness of breath in known medically as
dyspnea . It is often described as an intense tightening
in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing,
breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation.

7. Risk factors
These groups of people may have an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia:
Women. Because women lose blood during menstruation, women in general are at
greater risk of iron deficiency anemia.
Infants and children. Infants, especially those who were low birth weight or born
prematurely, who don't get enough iron from breast milk or formula may be at risk of
iron deficiency. Children need extra iron during growth spurts. If your child isn't eating
a healthy, varied diet, he or she may be at risk of anemia.
Vegetarians. People who don't eat meat may have a greater risk of iron deficiency
anemia if they don't eat other iron-rich foods.
Frequent blood donors. People who routinely donate blood may have an increased
risk of iron deficiency anemia since blood donation can deplete iron stores. Low
hemoglobin related to blood donation may be a temporary problem remedied by
eating more iron-rich foods. If you're told that you can't donate blood because of low
hemoglobin, ask your doctor whether you should be concerned.

8. Prevention
Choose iron-rich foods
Foods rich in iron include:
 Red meat, pork and poultry
 Seafood
 Beans
 Dark green leafy vegetables, such as
spinach
 Dried fruit, such as raisins and apricots
 Iron-fortified cereals, breads and pastas
 Peas
Choose foods containing vitamin C to
enhance iron absorption
You can enhance your body's absorption of iron by
drinking citrus juice or eating other foods rich in
vitamin C at the same time that you eat high-iron
foods.
Vitamin C is also found in:
 Broccoli
 Grapefruit
 Kiwi
 Leafy greens
 Melons
 Oranges
 Peppers
 Strawberries
 Tangerines
 Tomatoes