This document provides information on light microscopes and electron microscopes. It discusses the history and development of microscopes from the 1590s to modern technology. Light microscopes use lenses and light to magnify objects up to 2000x, while electron microscopes use beams of electrons to achieve higher magnifications of over 10,000,000x and resolutions of 1 nanometer or less. Scanning electron microscopes provide 3D surface images at magnifications up to 200,000x, while transmission electron microscopes allow viewing of interior structures. Electron microscopes provide higher resolutions and magnifications than light microscopes but are more expensive and require dead samples.

1. LIGHT VS. ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
PRESENTED BY:
GROUP 1:
REMIEL ALQUILETA
JAMICA AMBION
CELLINE ANCHETA
HUB 42

2. HISTORY
• the 1590's, two Dutch spectacle makers, Zacharias
Jansen and his father Hans started experimenting
with these lenses

3. HISTORY
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek a Dutch draper and scientist,
and one of the pioneers of microscopy who in the late
17th century became the first man to make and use a
real microscope.

4. HISTORY
• Hooke's Micrographia, is Robert Hooke’s most
famous work and is notable for the stunning
illustrations, drawn by himself.

5. HISTORY
• Modern compound microscopes
With the advancement of technology and improved
optics, the microscope as we know it today came into
being.

6. USES OF MICROSCOPE
• Cytology
• Pharmacoloy
• Microbiology
• Histology

7. RESOLVING POWER
• Ability of a microscope to
differentiate between two
close together objects.
• Higher resolution means
that objects are closer
together and can be seen
as separate points.

8. LIGHT MICROSCOPE
• The term light refers to the method by which light
transmits the image to your eye.
• Microscope is the combination of two words; "micro"
meaning small and "scope" meaning view.
• Optical microscopes are the oldest design of microscope
• Using a light microscope, one can view cell walls, vacuoles,
cytoplasm, chloroplasts, nucleus and cell membrane. Light
microscopes use lenses and light to magnify cell parts.

10. TYPES OF LIGHT MICROSCOPE
• A simple microscope is a
microscope that uses a lens
or set of lenses to enlarge
an object through angular
magnification alone, giving
the viewer an erect
enlarged virtual image.
• Simple light microscopes of
the past could magnify an
object to 266X

11. TYPES OF LIGHT MICROSCOPE
• Dissecting microscope
- magnification: 10-
40x
- not use for cellular
level
- specimens can be
living or non-living.

12. SAMPLE IMAGE FROM DISSECTING
MICROSCOPE

13. TYPES OF LIGHT MICROSCOPE
• A compound microscope is a
microscope which uses a lens
close to the object being
viewed to collect light (called
the objective lens) which
focuses a real image of the
object inside the microscope
• Modern compound light
microscopes, under optimal
conditions, can magnify an
object from 1000X to 2000X

14. SAMPLE IMAGES FROM LIGHT
MICROSCOPE

15. ADVANTAGES
LIMITATION
• Easy to use
• Cheap
• True color but
sometimes require
staining
• Could use live specimens
• Low resolution due to
shorter wavelength of
light (0.2nm)
• Low magnification (max.
1250x)
• Specimen used is thin

16. ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
• An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam
of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination
• A transmission electron microscope can achieve better
than 50 pm resolution and magnifications of up to about
10,000,000x
• You need to use particles that are smaller than photons to
start with: in other words, you need to use electrons
• In an electron microscope, a stream of electrons takes the
place of a beam of light and allows us to see things
smaller even than light itself.

17. SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
• A Scanning electron
microscopes are designed to
make images of the surfaces of
tiny objects.
• Advantages:
- High resolution (1nm)
- Provide detailed images
of surface structures.
- High magnification
(200,000x)
- 3D images

18. SEM
• Limitations:
- expensive
- requires extensive
training
- sample must be
dead (vacuum, stained)
- black and
white/false colour image

19. TRANSMISSION ELECTRON
MICROSCOPE
• Transmission electron
microscopes are the most
powerful electron microscopes:
we can use them to see things
just 1 nanometer in size, so they
effectively magnify by a million
times or more.
• A transmission electron
microscope fires a beam of
electrons through a specimen to
produce a magnified image of
an object.

21. ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
• Higher resolution (1nm)
• Provides detailed images
of interior structures
• Higher magnification
(500,000x)
• Expensive
• Extensive training
required
• Samples must be dead
(vacuum, stained)
• Black and white/ False
colour images

22. SUMMARY

23. REFENCES
• Comparing microscopes:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4WOsYktdn4
• Microscopes - SC.912.L.14.4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vZZeWqbmU8
• http://www.cas.miamioh.edu/mbiws/microscopes/compo
undscope.html#howit works
• http://www.history-of-the-microscope.org/history-of-
the-microscope-who-invented-the-microscope.php

24. LABORATORY REAGENT AND
PREPARATIONS CALCULATION
• Calculate the grams of each substance required to
prepare the following solutions:
a. 50 mL of 0.4 M sucrose
b. 100 mL of 0.5 M H2SO4

25. SOLUTIONS!
• A) 50 mL of 0.4 M sucrose
M =
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝐼𝑖
moles=
𝑔
𝑀𝑊
0.4M =
𝑔
(12𝑥12)(22𝑥1)(11𝑥16)
(0.4M)(342
𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
) = 136.8 g
• B) 100 mL of 0.5 M H2SO4
M =
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝐼𝑖
moles=
𝑔
𝑀𝑊
0.5M =
𝑔
(2𝑥1)(32𝑥1)(16𝑥4)
(0.5M)(98
𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
) = 49 g