1. Energy Sector in India
M. SABESH MANIKANDAN
Assistant Professor of Economics
Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College
Sivakasi
2. 1
Introduction
Energy: Meaning and pattern of energy consumption in India
2
Types of Energy
Conventional and non-conventional, renewable and non-renewable
& commercial and non-commercial
3
Energy Sources
Power, Thermal, Hydro, wind, tidal, nuclear etc.,
4
Energy in India
Energy and Economic Development
Energy Sector in India
4. energia which means
“in work”
Greek
01 The capacity to do work
and overcome resistances
Physics
02
Power or capacity to work
Meaning
03 The stored ability to
perform work
Meaning
04
Introduction
5. the strength and vitality
required for sustained physical
or mental activity
Meaning
05 power derived from the utilization of
physical or chemical resources,
especially to provide light and heat
or to work machines.
Meaning
06
No power is costlier than no
power
Homi Bhava
07 Energy effects favourable change in
human – environemntal interraction,
involving those things that modern people
can advantageously convert, such as teh
temperature adn form of certain pysical
matter.
Nathaniel & Guyol
08
Introduction
9. 8.07 8.10
4.99
7.046.46
10.69
Domestic
Commercial
Traction
and
Railway
OthersAgriculture
Industry
Expansion of consumer
goods, TV, Refrigerator,
washing machine etc.,
Domestic
The establishment of new
industries - iron & steel
machine tools. Engineering
fertilizersetc., (only 68%)
Industry
The demand for power
has increased from
4% to 21%
Agriculture
Business, Trade and
commerce
Commercial
Development of Rail
transport
Traction and Railway
Others
Electricity Consumption in India
Percentage distribution of sector wise electricity consumption in 2016
11. Is one form of energy, is
an essential ingredient of
economic development
Electricity
Industry, agriculture and
transport
Commercial use
Domestic lighting , cooking use of
domestic mechanical gadgets –
Refrigeratos, air conditioners
Non-commercial use ● The per capita annual consumption of
electricity in India is one of the lowest
in the world at approximately 734 kwh
Power & Economic
Development
● Power or electricity is one of the
most critical components of
infrastructure affecting economic
growth and well being of nations
● 8 – 9 % of the total GDP Growth rate
is sustained by the power sector
Electricity Power
15. Hydro Power
Largest hydro electric
dam in South Asia.
10,000 – 12, 000 (MW)
10th tallest Dam in the
world
Tehri Dam
USA and Russia in the
first China is the
second largest dams in
the world
3 largest in the world
Completed large dams
in India
4710
17. Tehri Dam
Tehri ,
Uttrakhand
855ft hight adn
575 mt. Lenght
2400 MW.
The Koyna
Western Ghats
2nd largest in India
1960MW
The Sri Sailam
Sri Sailam,
Karnool District
Andrapradesh
1670 MW
The Nathpa
Jhakri
Himachal Pradesh
1500MW with
underground
powerstation with
water
Major Hydro Power projects in India
20. a power plant in which
heat energy is converted
to electric power
Thermal Power
Water is heated, turns
into steam and spins a
steam turbine which
drives an electrical
generator.
Process
Nuclear Power
● Thermal electricity generation
contributes around 75% of India’s
power supply
Thermal Power
● Thermal power plants accounted for
an overwhelming 71.01% of the total
installed capacity in the country
21. Thermal
Power
Central Government : 28
State Government : 65
Total Units in Plants:431 Private: 37
Western : 41
Norther : 27
Eastern : 36
Southern : 28
Total plants 132
Western : 67029.01
Norther : 40943.50
Eastern : 28892.87
Southern : 30842.50
Power Generation
167707.88 (MW)
22. Mundra
Kutch, Gujarat
1st rank in India
4,620MW
&
3rd biggest thermal
plant also in Gujarat
Vindhyachal
Thermal
Singrauli
Madhya Pradesh
2nd biggest
4260MW,
Talcher Super
Thermal
Angul ,Odisha
4th biggest Plant
3,000MW
coal-fired power
plant
Sipat Thermal
Power Plant
Sipat, Bilaspur
Chhattisgarh,
5th biggest plant
2980 MW
Major Thermal Power projects in India
25. Electricity wasn’t
produced with nuclear
energy
Until 1951
Splitting atoms and
releasing a tremendous
amount of heat.
Nuclear Energy
The heat is used to generate
steam which drives a steam
turbine connected to an electric
generator which
produces electricity
Process ● Electricity demand increasing tripled
and 1287 TWh gross produced in
2014
Nuclear Power
● Nuclear power contributes less than
5% of World's energy production
● The per capita electricity consumption
figure – 1000 kWh/yr in 2014 – is
expected to double by 2020, with
6.3% annual growth
Nuclear Power
● Nuclear reactors produce 20% of the
electricity in the USA by 400 power
reactors in the world (100 of these are
in the USA).
● Energy consumption more than
doubled between 1990 and 2011 to
nearly 25,000 PJ
26. Nuclear
Power
Increase from 2.8%
to 9 % within 25
years
Nuclear power in India
No. of Plants: 7
No. of reactor: 21
Installed capacity :
6780MW
4th largest power
sector
Power generated :
30292Gwh
Power Generation
5780 (MW)
30. Renewable energy, together, will
supply 12 % of world energy by
2020
World Energy Council
The direct sun-rays tapped in
photovoltaic cells can be
converted into energy.
Solar Energy
It is a process of converting direct
sunlight into electrical energy
through semiconductor devices.
Process
● In rural areas, the domestic sector
accounts for nearly 80 percent of total
energy consumption
Need for Solar Power
● 2.4 % of land are with 16% of the
World’s population.
● Household sector: largest consumer
of energy accounting for 40-50 % of
total energy consumption
Solar Power
● About two thirds of India’s more than 1
billion people live in rural areas
● Life Expectancy 64.71 years
31. Solar Power
1000 watts per square
meter
32.8 million MW every
second
Production possibility
Growth : 38 % during
2012 – 2013
Market Size
1. Tamilnadu (1.60GW)
2. Rajastan (1.32 GW)
3. Gujarat (1.16 GW)
(2016)
Capacity : 9 GW
India ranks 3rd in annual
production next to Germany,
France and Australia
Production Capacity
32. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Tata Patapur
Odisha
9 MW
Sakri solar
plant
Maharashtra.
125 MW
Neemuch Solar
Plant
Neemuch
Madhya Pradesh
151 MW
NTPC solar plants
(16.6%)
INDIA
110 MW
Kamuthi Solar
Power Project-
Tamil Nadu
Worlds Second
Largest solar Park
.
648 MW
Major Solar Power Plants
35. Renewable energy, together, will
supply 12 % of world energy by
2020
World Energy Council
Mechanism of energy conversion
from blowing wind
The kinetic energy of wind, through
turbines is converted into electrical
energy
Wind Energy
Air flow through wind
turbines to mechanically
power generators for electric power
Process ● Indian annual wind power market has
grown by almost 68%
Scope for Wind Power
● Indian market is emerging as one of
the major manufacturing hubs for wind
turbines in Asia.
● Muppandal wind farm is the Second
largest onshore wind farm in the
world.
Wind Power
● The states - Tamil Nadu,
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan,
Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and
Andhra Pradesh with highest wind
power concentration
● 17 manufacturers have an annual
production capacity of 7,500 MW
36. Wind Power
8.6% of the total installed
capacity
64.62% of the total
renewable energy sources
Production Efficiency
70% of Wind energy
generated during the
month of May –
September
Season
1. Tamilnadu (4132.72 MW)
2. Maharastra (2077.70 MW)
3. Gujarat (1863.64 MW)
4. Karnataka (1472.75 MW)
Capacity:28,871.59 MW
India ranks 4th largest
installed capacity in the world
Production Capacity
