Critical reading involves analyzing a text to understand its meaning and purpose beyond just comprehending the literal words. It requires reflecting on what the text says and does by making judgments about logical ideas and connections. Simple reading aims to understand the basic definition and central idea of a text, while critical reading has the additional goals of understanding an author's purpose, tone, biases, and inferring deeper meaning. Critical thinking builds on critical reading by applying complex thought processes like identifying main ideas, drawing conclusions, comparing/contrasting, and determining facts versus opinions to make reasoned judgments and solve problems effectively.

1. CRITICAL READING AS
LOOKING FOR WAYS
OF THINKING
Lesson 6

2. TEXT
can be easily
comprehended
cannot be easily
comprehended

3. The meaning of words may be
implied in three ways:
1. Text
3. Author’s context
2. Reader’s context

4. Simple
Reading
Critical
Reading
- involves identifying
and recognizing the
meaning of a text
- is a more advanced
form and a higher level
of reading

5. Critical Reading
- is a type of reading whereby the
reader analyzes and interpret the
reading material to know if it
presents logical ideas and
connection of ideas

6. Simple Reading Critical Reading
• It gives the
basic definition of
a text.
• After recognizing
what a text says, it
reflects on what the
text does by making
judgment.

7. Simple Reading Critical Reading
• Its central
idea is the
message
being
imparted.
• Its certain goal is to
recognize the author’s
purpose in writing the
material, understand the
tone and persuasive
elements in it, and to
recognize bias in the text.

8. Simple Reading Critical Reading
• It recognizes
what a text says.
• It recognizes
what a text says,
reflects on what
the text does, and
infers on what the
text means.

9. Simple Reading Critical Reading
• The reader
absorbs and
understands.
• The reader
actively
recognizes and
analyzes
evidence in the
text.

10. Example:
Interpret the lyrics through simple
and critical reading.
“…I don’t need a whole lot of
anything. I just need a little bit of
everything.”

11. Annabel Lee
By Edgar Allan Poe

12. CRITICAL
READING
CRITICAL
THINKING

13. Critical Thinking
- involves a series of complex
thought processes which allows
you to make reasoned
judgments, assess the way you
think, and solve problems
effectively

14. Flow of
Critical
Thinking

15. Main
vs.
Supporting
Details
Summary
Inference
Compare
And
Contrast
Problem-
Solution
Cause
And
Effect
Conclusion
Sequence
Fact
Vs.
Opinion

16. Components of Critical
Thinking
1. Getting the Main Idea
- involves identifying the
general idea in a text which may
be explicitly or implicitly stated
*Main idea is usually found in
the beginning, middle, or end of
the text.

17. 2. Summarizing
- includes recalling all
pertinent information and thinking
how to compact them all in a
summary
*Incorporate all important
ideas and be guided by the WH-
questions.

18. 3. Inferring
- is done by combining the
reader’s knowledge and
background with details and clues
stated by the author
- is a process used by a
reader to understand an idea that
the author does not state
explicitly

19. 4. Drawing Conclusions
- is usually done after reading
the whole text
- is figuring out much more
than what an author says directly

20. 5. Analyzing sequence
- considers the order of
arrangement of events present in
the text

21. 6. Determining Fact from
Opinion
Opinion – is an unverified idea; it
may or may not prove to be true
Fact – is an idea that is already
proven or is obviously true

22. 8. Comparing and Contrasting
Contrasting is determining
how things are different.
Comparing is determining
how things are the same

23. 7. Understanding Cause and
Effect
- involves identifying the event
that causes another event

24. 9. Identifying the problem and
solution
-involves discussing complex
issues and identifying the
solution