The document discusses the different structures used in academic texts. It identifies 9 main structures: definition, description, recount of sequence, cause and effect, comparison and contrast, enumeration, problem solution, classification, and thesis evidence. It provides examples of each structure and encourages learning activities where students apply the structures, such as describing a person, making a flow chart on a process, or providing a scenario where the structures could be used in studies. The overall purpose is to instruct readers on identifying and applying different text structures used in academic writing.

1. Structure of Academic Texts

2. Structures of a Specific Academic text
• Depends on a primary purpose of a text which in turn
determines how it is written
• What information the author introduces in the text
• How this information is organized

3. ACCIDENT:
Treatment aims
1. Control bleeding
2. Minimize shock for casualty
3. Prevent infection – for casualty and between yourself and the
casualty
4. Arrange for casualty to go to the hospital if necessary

4. • What is the purpose of the following passage of text?
A) To inform the reader that bleeding needs to be
controlled.
B) To describe the scene of an accident.
C) To persuade the reader to attend a First Aid course.
D) To instruct the reader on what to do if they come across
an accident.

5. Nine Main structures
1. Definition - explain the nature of something
2. Description - gives concrete details about the
appearance, characteristics and actions
3. Recount of Sequence - chronological narration

6. Nine Main structures
4. Cause and Effect - presents the
reason why a situation is obtained

7. Nine Main structures
5. Comparison and contrast - presents similarities
and differences
6. Enumeration - listing parts and characteristics,
of examples.

8. Nine Main structures
7. PROBLEM SOLUTION - starts off with a
negative situation and ends with a positive
situation
8. Classification - presents groupings, types,
classes, categories
9. Thesis evidence - argues, points,
interpretation

9. Individual activity
Description text:
Gives the concrete details about your
mother/father or any favorite person in
your life.
Short bond paper, with picture of the
subject

10. Group task (5 groups)
TEACH ME HOW TO DO IT
Make a flow chart on:
1. how to cook Adobo, or 2. how to drive a car,
or 3. dye the hair, or 4. how to create email
address, 5. how a plant grows.

11. learnings
through the structure of a text it is
easier to understand a text.

12. assignment
1 whole sheet of paper
Give a scenario that you can use the
Academic Text structure in your
studies.