Before and After MOOCs
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Slides supporting my "against" xMOOCs position in the NIACE Digital Learning Conference debate 11 December 2013
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Before and After MOOCs
- 1. Before &After #MOOCs @fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13
- 2. niace Digital Learning Conference This house proposes that “Adult Education must embrace the MOOC culture” This presentation presents a position AGAINST MOOCs BUT for Adult & Community e-Learning (ACL) Learning at the Digital Frontier Senate House, London
- 3. Before #MOOCs @fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13
- 4. What is Digital Learning? In 2002 I was asked to develop a Digital Divide Content Strategy Knowing the USA ContentBank project (@andycarvin) I argued for a research-based process; Metadata for Community Content Community Development Model of Learning
- 5. Community Development Learning We found; 1. NO Content solves the Digital Divide 2. Interest-driven learning/Andragogy 3. Self-supported learning communities 4. Community-responsive curricula *Context is Queen* We needed; 1. Content–creation toolkits (aclearn.net) 2. Timely Interventions by trusted intermediaries… Community Development Model of Learning
- 6. Digital Divide Inclusion Network Cybrarian project 2002 also developed a prototype Facebook for Learning Rejected because; a) Need new metaphor; social networks b) Government doesn‟t want inclusion c) Formal education disables you from seeing new ideas Community Development Model of Learning
- 7. In 2002 the Web went participative What is Web 2.0?; http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
- 8. Learner-Generated Contexts Group LGC; a group looking at what learning would look like post-web 2.0! Participatory, learner-generated, web as a platform for social learning etc… “A coincidence of motivations leading to agile configurations” or Trust the learner and organise around what emerges… Learner-Generated Contexts Shock of the Old 2008
- 9. Learner-Generated Contexts Group Smart Mobs + Everything is Miscellaneous Means Here Comes Everybody OR Smart Mobs – Howard Rheingold Everything is Miscellaneous – Dave Weinberger Here Comes Everybody – Clay Shirky
- 10. In 2007 OU launched Open Learn The Open University opened first Open Education Resource based project at a British University, based on its historic distance learning model (1964) Open-Context Model of Learning An Open multi-context post-Web 2.0 “Pedagogy” based on Pedagogy Andragogy Heutagogy Continuum… “The most exciting thing happening in England” – John Seeley Brown Open Learn; http://www.open.edu/openlearn/ Open Context Model of Learning
- 12. Pedagogy Andragogy Heutagogy Pedagogy the institutionalisation of learning around facts, resource scarcity, subject disciplines; education as a delivery system (cognition) Andragogy negotiated, collaborative, interestdriven learning brokered into „open‟ spaces. At best the community is the curriculum (meta-cognition) Heutagogy self-determined learning where learner creativity enables innovation (epistemic cognition) From Andragogy to Heutagogy PAH Continuum
- 13. Pedagogies are not enough Learning is Emergent not institutionalised! We need to design for emergence and create tools to support that in a wiki-based collaborative world; “Fit for Context” Learning; Emergent Learning Model rethinks learning as i. Social Processes not classrooms ii. Content Creation or Curation not textbooks iii. Quality Assurance not high-stakes assessment We needed to build new learning exemplars of „nonlinear dynamic systems‟ Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/ Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable
- 14. Ambient Learning City Being Insanely Ambitious we decided to test emergent learning by turning Manchester into an Ambient Learning CityCities have many more learning contexts than a single classroom, so we decided to design for them; BUT We needed new Learning Metaphors Aggregate then Curate our new #socialmediaparticipation model Creating structured ways for people to inter-act with their city; even during riots (A History of Manchester in 100 objects) Ambient Learning City; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/ambientlearningcity Aggregate then Curate http://mosialong.wordpress.com/2011/08/08/aggregate-then-curate/
- 15. Aggregate then Curate; Emergence Aggregate then Curate(Research in learning technologies)
- 16. Before the xMOOC 1. No “killer” content makes learning easy/inclusive 2. Context is Queen 3. People want to learn – trust them 4. People want to collaborate – support them 5. Create tools for learning and allow free use 6. New learning contexts need new learning metaphors 7. New learning metaphors need new processes 8. Learners are naturally andragogic online 9. Web 2.0 tools and social networks enable heutagogy 10. Learning is emergent & we can design for that Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/ Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable
- 17. Enter the xMOOCs @fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13
- 18. Enter the MOOC I assume we are talking about xMOOCs 1. xMOOCs are pedagogically-driven course-based educational content-delivery systems. 2. xMOOCs reflect NOTHING whatsoever that we have learnt about LEARNING based on the digital disruption of the last 20 years 3. xMOOCs Not even a “sage on the stage” but hierarchically-based; reflecting 1000 years of “Education under the Lecturn” 4. xMOOCs are unheated digital libraries in the sky Building Democractic Learning
- 19. The problem with xMOOCs 1. xMOOCs ignore everything learnt about learning 2. xMOOCs return the Technology-Enhanced Learning debate back to technology-push 3. xMOOCsare about 19th Century institutions crowding out debate about 21stC learning 4. That debate is driven by people who do not know how to teach nor what learning is 5. xMOOCsare about using the values of the credit crunch to create an education crunch Building Democractic Learning
- 20. After the #MOOC Making Learning – Fit for Context
- 21. If we want Digital Learning We have discovered that; 1. 2. 3. 4. People want to learn Learning is social and informal Collaboration and discussion enable learning Digital tools enable Search & evaluation, Collaboration & discussion AND curation and creation (andragogy & heutagogy) in learning We need; New teaching skills participatory learning processes New metaphors social platforms learning literacies Are we e-enabling traditional education or transforming learning? Digital Practitioner;
- 22. Digital Learning for a Network Society But education is about designing the society that we want to live in. It has to be “Fit for Context” I want; • Interest-driven learning • Trust in learners • Social Justice not Social Capital • Open Scholarship • Co-creating network Society • Participatory Democracy Adult Education needs; “artfully-crafted, student-centred learning experiences” (Digital Practitioner report 2011) Homi and the NeXT One;
- 23. Accrediting Emergent Learning In WikiQuals we are looking at how you “accredit” the heutagogy of self-determined learning Trust the Sqolar Co-creating Open Scholarship Develop Personal Learning Networks Act in the real world (and document it) Participatory Democracy needs participatory learning We need to rethink the society we want and how we use learning networks and democracy to get there Co-creating Open Scholarship WikiQuals Project
- 24. Digital Learning for a Network Society Econ-model Tech-Push Demand-Pull New Society LEARNING> Learning ECONOMY / Product Learning Services Transformational Platforms Business as Usual xMOOCS cMOOCs Distributed Learning Hubs Digital Upgrade E-service delivery JISC e-portfolio Learner-centric BYOD Network Democracy Aggregate then Curate at Home Architecture of Participation / Pattern Design Multi-context participatory cocreation Open Learning and Network Democracy
- 25. Some Quotes The Internet is your learning environment South Bristol Learning Network 1994 “Solve the problem that annoys you most” Philippa Young MOOCs are a meme that might raise the level of debate about next-generation agile learning David Jennings Learning itself does not scale, because learners own their own learning Fred Garnett Social media in education is characterised by a) a set of social practices b) a learning environment c) digital tools Violeta Maria Serbu (CROS Bucharest) School pokes your eyes out, University teaches you Braille, Postgraduate Education teaches you speed-reading in Braille Fred Emery 1965
- 26. Digital LearningResources Links Community Development Model of Learning Learner_Generated Contexts Open Context Model of Learning blog Craft of Teaching / PAH Continuum Emergent Learning Model Ambient Learning City Aggregate then Curate Digital Practitioner Open Learning and Network Democracy CROS Alternative University Book on Integration of Formal & Informal Adult eLearning Contact @fredgarnetthttps://twitter.com/fredgarnett Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference 11 / 12 / 13
- 27. Adult eLearningResource Synergic Integration of Formal and Informal E-learning Environments for Adult Lifelong Learners Edited by Sabrina Leone Published by IGI Global Towards an Adult Learning Architecture of Participation Book on Integration of Formal & Informal Adult eLearning Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference 11 / 12 / 13
- 28. Before &After #MOOCs @fredgarnett NIACE Debate 11/12/13