History of INDIA History of INDIA

1. HISTRY OF
INDIA

2. HISTRY OF INDIAThe history of India is one of the grand
epics of world history and can be best
described in the words of India's first Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru as "a bundle of
contradictions held together by strong but
invisible threads". Indian history can be
characterized as a work in progress, a
continuous process of reinvention that can
eventually prove elusive for those seeking
to grasp its essential character.
The history of this astonishing sub
continent dates back to almost 75000 years
ago with the evidence of human activity of

3. The History of India through
the Ages:
• The Pre Historic Era
• Early Historic Period

4. The Pre Historic Era
The Stone Age:
The Stone Age began 500,000 to 200,000
years ago and recent finds in Tamil Nadu (at
C. 75000 years ago, before and after the
explosion of the Toba Volcano) indicate the
presence of the first anatomically humans
in the area. Tools crafted by proto-humans
that have been dated back to two million
years have been discovered in the
Northwestern part of the country.

5. Early Historic Period
Vedic Period:
The Vedic Period is distinguished by
the Indo-Aryan culture which was
associated with the texts of Vedas,
sacred to Hindus, and that were
orally composed in Vedic Sanskrit .
The Vedic era in the subcontinent
lasted from about 1500-500 BCE,
laying down the foundation of
Hinduism and other cultural

6. Early Historic Period
Mahajanapadas:
This period saw the second major rise
in urbanization in India after the
Indus valley Civilization. The word
"maha" means great and the word
"janapada" means foothold of a tribe.
In the later Vedic Age a number of
small kingdoms or city states had
mushroomed across the subcontinent
and also find mention in early

7. Early Historic Period
The Mughal Empire:
In 1526, Babur, a descendant of Timur
and Gengis Kahn from Fergana Valler
(present day Uzbekistan) swept across the
Khyber Pass and established the Mughal
Empire which covered modern day
Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and
Bangladesh. The Mughal dynasty ruled
most of the Indian subcontinent till 1600;
after which it went into decline after
1707 and was finally defeated during

8. Early Historic Period
Colonial Era:
From the 16th century, European
powers such as Portugal,
Netherlands, France and the United
Kingdom established trading posts in
India. Later, they took advantage of
internal conflicts and established
colonies in the country.

9. Early Historic Period
The British Rule:
The British Rule in India began with
the coming of the British East India
Company in 1600 and continued till
Indian independence from British
rule in 1947.

10. Early Historic Period
Independence Movement and Mahatma
Gandhi:
In the 20th century Mahatma Gandhi
led millions of people in a national
campaign of non-violent civil
disobedience to contain independence
from the British.

11. Early Historic Period
Independence and Partition:
Religious tension between the Hindus
and Muslims had been brewing over
the years, especially in provinces like
Punjab and West Bengal. The Muslims
were a minority and they did not feel
secure in the prospect of an
exclusively Hindu government and
hence made them wary of
independence. All through this

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