This presentation is a some sort of reference for second and third year dentistry students ... It has information about recent and different types of resin composites as restorative materials ..this is a student work by students in egyptian private university ( Ahram canadian university )

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Types of resin composites
Introduction:
What are dental
Composites ?.
Tooth coloured dental restorations
Which can be applied on all teeth
and
They have great advantages over
Ceramics and silver fillings.
As they 1) conserve tooth structure.
2) can achieve maximum esthetics.

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• The aim of our presentation is to
enumerate different types of
composites, their benefits and clinical
uses.

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Types of resin composites
• Contents :
1) Composition of composites
2) Classification of composites
-Types of recent composites:
a) Flowable composites .
b) Condensable composites.
c) Nano-composites.
4) Conclusion

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1) Composition of composites
• 1) matrix.
• 2) filler.
• 3) coupling agents.
• 5) intiators and accelerators.
• 4) tooth coloured pigments.

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1) Composition of composites
• Composites are basically modified
methacrylates or acrylates with other
ingredients to produce different structures
and properties.

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2) Classification of
composites
• why methacrylate??
• because their refractive index is 1.3 which is close to
the tooth.
• they consist of:
• 1- resin matrix (organic content):it's back bone of
composite eg: Bis-GMA or UDMA
• 2- fillers (inorganic part):as: quartz, ceramic,silicon
dioxide and or silica.

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• -why adding fillers ?? to improve the physical and
mechanical properties of the organic matrix .
• With increasing filler content the polymerisation
shrinkage, the linear expansion coefficient and water
absorption are reduced.
• On the other hand, with increasing filler content, the
compressive and tensile strength, the modulus of
elasticity and wear resistance are generally
increased .

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Composition of composites
• 3- coupling agents : which bond between matrix and
filler.
• 4- activator agents: activate the polymerization of
composites.
• 5- Inhibitors: agents inhibit the free radical generated
by spontaneous polymerization of the monomers.
• 6-coloring agents : which are used in very small
percentage to produce different shades of
composites.

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classification of composites:
1-according to polymerization method :
1) Light cured.
2) Chemical cured.
3) Dual cured

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2-according to filler particle size
(Philips and Lutz classification)
Macrofiller composites (particles from 0.1-100 p.)
Microfiller composites (0.04 p particles).
Minifiller.
Hybrid composites (fillers of different sizes):
1. nano filler (nano hyprid)
2.microhybrid

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3-according to matrix
composition:
a. Bis-GMA
b. UDMA
4. According to Skinner:
a. Traditional or conventional composite-8-12 pm
b. Small particle filled composites-1-5 pm
c. Microfilled composites-0.4-0.9 pm
d. Hybrid composites-0.6-1 pm

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RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPOSITES
• Flowable Composite Resins.
• Condensable (Packable) Composites.
• Giomers.
• Compomers.
• ORMOCER (Organically Modified Ceramic).
• Antibacterial Composites/ Ion Releasing
Composites.
• “Smart” Composites.

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studies :
• The filler content had the greatest influence on the
material properties.
• The further development of nanotechnology and
antimicrobial materials has a high potential. The
realisation of “smart materials” would certainly be
interesting.
• These are restorative materials, which are able to
react directly to external stimuli (e. g. release of
antimicrobial substances in the case of a drop in pH
in the vicinity of the restoration).
• Research is also done in the area of self-repairing
materials and in material science for bone and dental
hard tissue regeneration .

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• SDR™ allows the use of a simplified filling
technique applied in increments of up to
4mm and capped with a universal composite
at the occlusal surface.
• This is achieved with a reduction in the
polymerization stress and a high depth of
cure. To achieve this, a modulator has been
built into the conventional monomer – this
also allows SDR™ to be used with other
conventional adhesives and composites.

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• A chewing simulation demonstrated
that, with this simplified filling
technique; the same marginal quality of
a restoration can be achieved
compared to a restoration created
using an incremental layering
technique.

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a) Flowable composites
• These are low-viscosity composite resins, making
them more fluid than conventional composite resins.
Resin compound that is relatively fluid when placed in
a cavity before polymerization .

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a) Flowable composites
• Flowable composites flow freely over the inside
surface of the cavity preparation.
• This material has made it possible to fill small
cavities on occlusal surfaces (the tops of teeth)
without a shot since the area of decay is often small
enough to be removed with little or no sensation in
the tooth.

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a) Flowable composite
• Flowable composites are often used to seal the
dentin of a tooth prior to placing the filling material
Due to the low level of filler particles.
• Some brands contain glass particles and release
fluoride to the adjacent tooth structure. They are
delivered into a cavity using a syringe.

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a) Flowable composites
• Advantages :
1) high wettability of the tooth surface ensuring
penetration into every irregularity
2) ability to form layers of minimum thickness, so
improving or eliminating air inclusion or
entrapment.high flexibility, so less likely to be
displaced in stress concentration areas.
3) radio-opaqueness and
4) availability in different colours.

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a) Flowable composites
• Disadvantages:
1) high curing shrinkage due to lower filler load
2) weaker mechanical properties than other
composites .

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a) Flowable composites
• Indications:
1- Preventive Resin Restorations (pit
And fissure sealants ) .
2- Bonding Orthodontic Bracket
3- Class II and V Restorations.
4- Repairing Small Direct, and Indirect Restorations.
5-Splinting Fractured and Mobile Teeth
and Orthodontic Retainers

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b)Condensable composite
• Condensable (packable) composites
are resins with a high percentage of
filler (silica , quartz and glass).

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b)Condensable composite
• Advantages :
• 1- condensability ( like silver amalgam) so
they can replace it .
• 2- greater ease in achieving a good contact
point
• 3-Better reproduction of occlusal anatomy.
• 4- They have less polymerization
shrinkage with respect to traditional
hybrid composites.

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5- they have decreased mickroleakage
and wear resistance Compared to
traditional hybrid composites.

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b)Condensable composite
• Disadvantages :
• 1-difficulties in adaptation between one
layer & another .
2-difficult in handling
3-poor esthetics in anterior teeth.

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b)Condensable composite
• The main indication :-
class II cavity restoration in order to
achieve a better contact point thanks to
the condensation technique.

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c) Nano-composites
• Nanofill composites combine conventional filler
technology with nanoparticles to achieve both
strength and aesthetics in one material.

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c) Nano-composites
• Currently, two distinct types of nanofill
composites are in the marketplace:
• 1) Completely nanofilled resins (contain
nanometer-sized particles throughout the
resin matrix).
• 2) Nanohybrids, on the other hand, consist of
larger particles surrounded by nanometer-
sized particles.

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c) Nano-composites
• Although these nanofill materials vary in
composition, the goal is the same: creating a
“universal” dental composite.

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c) Nano- composites
nano-hybrids contain nanometer particles combined
with more conventional filler technology.
These large particles provide similar strength
properties to hybrid materials while nano exhibits
higher polishability.
Unlike microhybrids, nano-fill composites have a
lifelike opacious translucency that is very natural in
appearance.
N.B : Microhybrids will not hold their polish as long as
microfill resins, and, as a result, may be more
susceptible to plaque and staining over time.

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c) Nano-composite
• N.B : Microhybrids will not hold their polish
as long as microfill resins, and, as a result,
may be more susceptible to plaque and
staining over time.

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c) Nano-composites
Advantages :
1) strength.
2) Easy shade selection system
3) Florescence
4) Radiopacity.
5) Translucency.
6)Better handling.
7)Availability in capsules.

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Nano- composites
• Main indications :
• 1) posterior restorations.
• 2) veneering anteriors.
• 3) building up incisal edges.
• 4) The classic class IV restoration.
• 5) when restoring or increasing
cuspid rise.

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conclusion

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Ultimately, the best dental filling is no
dental filling. Prevention is the best
medicine.

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References and links
• http://www.dentistrytoday.com/aesthetics/157--
sp-345438456
• http://www.dentaleconomics.com/
• http://www.slideshare.net/biancawilda/composit
e-resin
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21477852
• http://pocketdentistry.com

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Refrences and links
• http://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-
topics/c/composite-fillings.
• http://www.jacobsen-dental.no/what-is-
smart-dentin-replacement/

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Presented by :
STUDENTS AT FACULTY OF DENTISTRY
AHRAM CANADIAN UNIVERSITY
PRIVATE EGYPTIAN UNIVERSITY

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