Dental ceramics include porcelain and are used for dental restorations. Porcelain is made from a glass matrix containing mineral phases and feldspars. It is used for dental crowns, veneers, dentures, and other prosthetics. Porcelain has good biocompatibility and esthetics but is brittle. Metal-ceramic restorations combine a metal substructure with porcelain for strength. All-ceramic restorations are made entirely of ceramic materials and provide superior esthetics but require more tooth reduction. Common all-ceramic systems include machinable blocks, castable ceramics, pressable ceramics, and infiltrated glass ceramics.
Dental Ceramics and Porcelain fused to metal isabel
Dental porcelain (also known as dental ceramic) is a dental material used to create biocompatible lifelike dental restorations, such as crowns, bridges, and veneers.
Finishing and polishing of composites / cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
done by : ( ABCD'S &G )
alaa ba-jafar
abrar alshahranii
sahab filfilan
nada alharbi
shahd rajab
Ghadeer suwaimil
I hope that you enjoy and you benefit❤
A comprehensive slideshow covering all the basics relating to dental materials and their physical properties. Based on standard text books - Phillips Science of Dental Materials (11th Edition).
Dental Ceramics and Porcelain fused to metal isabel
Dental porcelain (also known as dental ceramic) is a dental material used to create biocompatible lifelike dental restorations, such as crowns, bridges, and veneers.
Finishing and polishing of composites / cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
done by : ( ABCD'S &G )
alaa ba-jafar
abrar alshahranii
sahab filfilan
nada alharbi
shahd rajab
Ghadeer suwaimil
I hope that you enjoy and you benefit❤
A comprehensive slideshow covering all the basics relating to dental materials and their physical properties. Based on standard text books - Phillips Science of Dental Materials (11th Edition).
Fiber based post systems /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian denta...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This is a journal club presentation featuring a recent article in which the authors have attempted a new classification of all ceramic materials.
The presentation and all the related material is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Introduction
CERAMICS : An inorganic compound with non-metallic prosthesis typically consisting of oxygen and one or more metallic or semi-metallic elements that is formulated to produce the whole part of a ceramic based dental prosthesis. – GPT 7.
The word Ceramic is derived from the Greek word “keramos”, which literally means ‘burnt stuff’, but which has come to mean more specifically a material produced by burning or firing.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Recent advances in dental porcelain materials / cosmetic dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Brief presentation of the basics of ceramics used in dentistry (classification and properties). Made for dentistry 2nd year prosthetic technology subject lecture.
Evolution of all ceramics&recent advances (2)/ dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
DENTAL CERAMICS Dental Porcelain All-CERAMIC RESTORATIONS dental material
1. DENTAL CERAMICSDENTAL CERAMICS
GenerallyGenerally the wordthe word ceramicceramic is used to name any materialis used to name any material
having bothhaving both metallicmetallic andand non-metallicnon-metallic ions in itsions in its
compositional formulacompositional formula
e.g. cements, gypsum, porcelain and glassese.g. cements, gypsum, porcelain and glasses
2. DENTAL PORCELAINDENTAL PORCELAIN
Dental Porcelain = an early type of dental
ceramics that has been modified to improve
its properties
APPLICATIONS OF PORCELAIN
1. Porcelain denture teeth
2. Porcelain jacket crown
3. Porcelain inlay
4. Porcelain veneer
5. Porcelain fused to metal prosthesis
6. Implant material
3. COMPOSITIONCOMPOSITION
OFOF DENTALDENTAL PORCELAINPORCELAIN
A. Feldspathic porcelain
Fired material is composed of
1. Glassy phase (Vitreous matrix made of feldspars)
Feldspars are mixture of Anhydrated alumino-silicates
of both…. Potash feldspar = K2O. Al2O3. 6 SiO2 And
.… Soda feldspar = Na2O. Al2O3. 6 SiO2
2. Dispersion of crystalline phase (mineral phase including
silica and other oxides)
Main characters
• Void of kaolin
• Technically it is a glass rather than true porcelain
• They are translucent
4. COMPOSITIONCOMPOSITION
DENTAL PORCELAINDENTAL PORCELAIN
B. Aluminous porcelain
The porcelain material contains 40-50% alumina
crystals (Al2O3) in a low-fusing glass matrix.
High-Ceram
– The dispersed alumina particles are much stronger with
higher modulus of elasticity and coefficient of thermal
expansion than those of the glassy matrix.
– Presence of alumina makes the material opaque. (used
only as coping beneath regular porcelain)
In-ceram alumina
– It is not only a kind of infiltrated glass ceramic, but
also considered as one of the aluminous porcelains.
5. Classification of Dental PorcelainClassification of Dental Porcelain
A. According to their fusion temperatures
1- High-fusing (1300-1400o
C)
2- Medium-Fusing (1100-1300o
C)
3- Low-Fusing (850-1100o
C)
4- Ultra-Low- Fusing (< 850o
C)
1 & 2 are used for denture teeth production
3 & 4 are used for crown and bridge construction
B. According to the method of their firing
1- Atmospheric firing
2- Vacuum firing (lower % of porosity)
6. C. According to their clinical applications
1. Core porcelain:
Used to form the basal layer of jacket crown
2. Dentine or Body porcelain:
More translucent, used to build the body of crowns
3. Enamel porcelain:
The most translucent, used to form the incisal edges
Classification of Dental PorcelainsClassification of Dental Porcelains
Manipulation Of Dental PorcelainManipulation Of Dental Porcelain
(Powder-slurry technique)(Powder-slurry technique) Watch the videoWatch the video
7. CHARACTERSCHARACTERS OF DENTAL PORCELAINOF DENTAL PORCELAIN
1. Biological Properties:
• Inert has no interaction with surrounding soft tissue
(biocompatible)
2. Interfacial Properties:
• Not adhere chemically to dental cements
3. Chemical properties:
• Not soluble in oral fluids and resist acid attach
• Both hydrofluoric acid and stannous fluoride can cause
an increase in surface roughness
4. Mechanical Properties:
• Brittle
• Low DTS and fracture toughness
• Hard, can cause wearing of opposing dentition
8. CHARACTERSCHARACTERS OF DENTAL PORCELAIN (Cont.D)OF DENTAL PORCELAIN (Cont.D)
5. Thermal Properties:
• Low thermal diffusivity
• Coefficient Of thermal expansion similar to that of
enamel and dentine
6. Esthetic properties:
• Excellent esthetic, and color matching
• Difficult to be stained
7. Practicability:
• Sensitive manipulation technique, Requiring skilled
operator and Special equipments
• Firing shrinkage is always, So operator should build up
the restoration to a bigger size that allows shrinkage
10. These restorations are composed of; Metal substructure
(Coping) supporting a ceramic veneer those are chemically
and mechanically-bonded together
Metal-Ceramic RestorationsMetal-Ceramic Restorations
Metal
substructure Opaque
porcelain
Body (dentine)
porcelain
Incisal (enamel)
porcelain
11. Benefits and drawbacks of the metal-ceramicBenefits and drawbacks of the metal-ceramic
restorationsrestorations
Advantages:
1. Stronger than porcelain crowns
2. Can be used for constructing long-span bridges
3. Good esthetic and less liable to staining
4. High wear resistance
5. Long term clinical durability (2.3-7.5 years)
6. Less preparation is required in comparison to all-
ceramic restorations
Disadvantages:
1. Sufficient metal bulk (0.3 mm) is required for proper
rigidity
2. Metal display could result at the thin marginal area
3. Using opaque porcelain is essential to overcome the
metal color
4. Special properties of the metal coping are required for
proper results (see the next section….)
12. Requirements of the metal copingRequirements of the metal coping
1. Has melting temperature higher than the porcelain firing temp. (to
avoid sagging at the time of porcelain firing)
2. Able to form an oxide layer that provides the chemical bond to
porcelain (presence of indium or tin in high noble alloys is essential
for that purpose. e.g gold alloys)
3. Has coefficient of thermal expansion a little bite higher than that
of porcelain (to provide higher mechanical bond)
4. Has no greening effect on the porcelain color
5. High high elastic modulus (E) to resist the bending and the
cracking of porcelain under masticatory force.
13. Bonding of porcelain to the metal copingsBonding of porcelain to the metal copings
1. Mechanical bonding:
- Infiltration (flow) of the fused
ceramic into the surface irregularities
of the metal coping.
- Sandblasting of the metal surface or
using plastic beads during waxing
are important for this issue.
Metal
Porcelain
Oxide layer
Irregularities
14. Bonding of porcelain to the metal copingsBonding of porcelain to the metal copings
2. Chemical bonding:
- Ionic bond between the metal oxide layer and the opaque
porcelain.
- Metal degassing is important for oxide formation, removing the
surface contaminants and greases.
- Thin oxide layer (in case of noble alloys) provides stronger
bond than the thick one (in case of base metal alloys).
3. Coeff. of thermal expansion mismatch:
As a result of higher metal contraction on cooling ,
- The fused porcelain will be sucked (attracted) more strongly
into the metal surface irregularities.
- Residual compressive stresses will developed in and strengthen
the porcelain.
15. 4. Application of a special bonding agent:
Certain metal system (electro-forming) requires the application
of specific bonding paste before building-up the porcelain.
Bonding of porcelain to the metal CopingsBonding of porcelain to the metal Copings
16. Production of Metal copingsProduction of Metal copings
A. Casting of pure metals or metallic alloys
1- Commercially-pure titanium (CP Ti)
2- High gold alloy 3- Gold-palladium alloy
4- Palladium-silver alloy 5- High palladium alloys
6- Nickel- chromium alloy
B. Burnishing and heat treating metal foils on a die
1- Platinum foil 2- Gold foil 3- Captek system
C. Electro-deposition of metal on a duplicate die
D. CAD-CAM processing of a metal ingot
18. Advantages ofAdvantages of
all-ceramicall-ceramic
restorationsrestorations
Biocompatibility
Superior esthetic (No metal display)
Good bonding (cohesion) between the ceramic coping
and the porcelain veneer
Acceptable mechanical properties
Superior hardness that provides the restoration its
wear resistance
Resist the degradation in oral fluids
Low thermal diffusivity
Most systems could be used for constructing inlays,
onlays and crowns
19. Disadvantages of all-ceramicDisadvantages of all-ceramic
restorationsrestorations
High cost of the materials and
the processing equipments
Excessive tooth reduction is
needed
Most systems utilize feld-
spathic porcelain coating to
provide the desired color and
contour
Most systems are not suitable
to construct long span bridge
21. 1.1. Powder-slurry ceramicsPowder-slurry ceramics
The material presents as powder to be mixed
with liquid forming a slurry that is used to build
the restoration up
e.g. (1) Optec HSP, (2) Duceram systeme.g. (1) Optec HSP, (2) Duceram system
22. 2. Castable ceramics2. Castable ceramics
Ceramic ingot is fused and cast in a
refractory (investment) mold made
by the lost wax technique
e.g. (1) Dicor, (2) Dicor Plus, (3) Castable Apatitee.g. (1) Dicor, (2) Dicor Plus, (3) Castable Apatite
23. 3. Machinable ceramics3. Machinable ceramics
CAD- CAM technology
The prepared tooth is optically impressed (pictured
using intra-oral camera). The restoration is design over
that image by the aid of computer……Then
Ceramic blocks are carved into restorations by the aid
of computer-controlled milling machine
e.g. (1) Cerec Vitablocks-mark I, (2) Cerec Vitablocks-mark II,e.g. (1) Cerec Vitablocks-mark I, (2) Cerec Vitablocks-mark II,
(3) Dicor MGC Blocks(3) Dicor MGC Blocks
25. 3. Machinable ceramics3. Machinable ceramics
Copy-Milling technology
The prepared tooth is impressed poured in gypsum
to form a die.
A wax pattern is built over the die……Then Ceramic
blocks are carved into restorations by the aid of
computer-controlled milling machine that is guided by
the constructed wax patter
e.g. (1) Celay blocks (2) Lava Zerconia, (3) Cercone.g. (1) Celay blocks (2) Lava Zerconia, (3) Cercon
27. 4. Pressable ceramics4. Pressable ceramics
Ceramic ingots are softened by heat and
pressed into a refractory mold using
special alumina injector
e.g. (1) Optec Pressable Glass Ceramic, (2) IPS Empress ,(3) Empress 2,e.g. (1) Optec Pressable Glass Ceramic, (2) IPS Empress ,(3) Empress 2,
(4) IPS e.max press(4) IPS e.max press
28. 5. Infiltrated glass ceramics5. Infiltrated glass ceramics
A porous crystalline slip is
formed by fusion of
Metallic particles at high
temperature.
A Glass coat is then fused
over the porous slip to
infiltrate into the pores and
strengthen the structure.
Veneering porcelain is then
required to provide the
desired shade and contour
e.g.(1) In-Ceram Alumina, (2) In-Ceram Spinel, (3) In-Ceram Zerconiae.g.(1) In-Ceram Alumina, (2) In-Ceram Spinel, (3) In-Ceram Zerconia