Generation in computer terminology is a change in technology
With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous generation
Generation in computer terminology is a change in technology
With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous generation
Generations of Computer
Introduction:
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data.
Nowadays, a computer can be used to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web. It can also be used to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos. But the evolution of this complex system started around 1946 with the first Generation of Computer and evolving ever since.
There are five generations of computers.
Generations of Computer
Introduction:
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data.
Nowadays, a computer can be used to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web. It can also be used to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos. But the evolution of this complex system started around 1946 with the first Generation of Computer and evolving ever since.
There are five generations of computers.
The modern computer took its shape with the arrival of your time. It had been around 16th century when the evolution of the computer started. The initial computer faced many changes, obviously for the betterment. It continuously improved itself in terms of speed, accuracy, size, and price to urge the form of the fashionable day computer. This long period is often conveniently divided into the subsequent phases called computer generations:
First Generation Computers (1940-1956)
Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)
Third Generation Computers (1964-1971)
Fourth Generation Computers (1971-Present)
Fifth Generation Computers (Present and Beyond)
Before there are graphing calculators, spreadsheets, and computer algebra systems, mathematicians and inventors searched for solutions to ease the burden of calculation.
Below are the 8 mechanical calculators before modern computers were invented.
1. Abacus (ca. 2700 BC)
2. Pascal’s Calculator (1652)
3. Stepped Reckoner (1694)
4. Arithmometer (1820)
5. Comptometer (1887) and Comptograph (1889)
6. The Difference Engine (1822)
7. Analytical Engine (1834)
8. The Millionaire (1893)
First Generation Computers: Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
The technology behind the primary generation computers was a fragile glass device, which was called vacuum tubes. These computers were very heavy and really large in size. These weren’t very reliable and programming on them was a really tedious task as they used low-level programming language and used no OS. First-generation computers were used for calculation, storage, and control purpose. They were too bulky and large that they needed a full room and consume rot of electricity.
Main first generation computers are:
ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, built by J. Presper Eckert and John V. Mauchly was a general-purpose computer. It had been very heavy, large, and contained 18,000 vacuum tubes.
EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer was designed by von Neumann. It could store data also as instruction and thus the speed was enhanced.
UNIVAC: Universal Automatic Computer was developed in 1952 by Eckert and Mauchly.
Main characteristics of first generation computers are:
Main electronic component Vacuum tube.
Programming language Machine language.
Main memory Magnetic tapes and magnetic drums.
Input/output devices Paper tape and punched cards.
Speed and size Very slow and very large in size (often taking up entire room).
Examples of the first generation IBM 650, IBM 701, ENIAC, UNIVAC1, etc.
Second Generation Computers: Transistors (1956-1963)
Second-generation computers used the technology of transistors rather than bulky vacuum tubes. Another feature was the core storage. A transistor may be a device composed of semiconductor material that amplifies a sign or opens or closes a circuit.
Transistors were invented in Bell Labs. The use of transistors made it possible to perform powerfully and with due speed.
Nothing epitomizes modern life better than the
computer. Computers are such an integral part of our everyday
life now most people take them and what they have added to life
totally for granted. Even more so the generation who have grown
from infancy within the global desktop and laptop revolution
since the 1980s. The history of computer development is often
referred to in reference to the different generations of computing
devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the
product development process. This term is also used in the
different advancements of new computer technology. As new
technology was emerging, it was being used in the making of
computer. With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten
smaller and more advanced than the previous generation before
it. As a result of the miniaturization, speed, power, and com-
puter memory has proportionally increased. New discoveries are
constantly being developed that affect the way we live, work and
play.
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
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3. Different generation of Computers
First generation Computer
Second generation Computer
Third generation Computer
Fourth generation Computer &
Fifth generation Computer
TODAYS TOPICS
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
4. Since the beginning of computer discovered. Developed from time to time.
And they are categorized as generation of computers.
Generation
of
Computers
First
Generation
Second
Generation
Third
Generation
Fourth
Generation
Fifth
Generation
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
5. FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER
(1946-1959)
First Generation Computers
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
The main features of first generation are:
• Vacuum tube technology
• Unreliable
• Supported machine language only
• Very costly
• Generated lot of heat
• Slow input and output devices
• Huge size
• Need of A.C.
• Non-portable
• Consumed lot of electricity
6. SECOND GENERATION COMPUTER
(1959-1965)
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
The main features of second generation are:
Second Generation Computers
• Use of transistors
• Reliable in comparison to first
generation computers
• Smaller size as compared to first
generation computers
• Generated less heat as compared to
first generation computers
• Consumed less electricity as compared
to first generation computers
• Faster than first generation computers
• Still very costly
• A.C. needed
• Supported machine and assembly
languages
7. THIRD GENERATION COMPUTER
(1965-1971)
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
The main features of third generation are:
• IC (Integrated Circuit) used
• More reliable in comparison to
previous two generations
• Smaller size
• Generated less heat
• Faster
• Lesser maintenance
• Still costly
• A.C needed
• Consumed lesser electricity
• Supported high-level language
IC (Integrated Circuit)
8. FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTER
(1971-1980)
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
The main features of fourth generation are:
• VLSI technology used
• Very cheap
• Portable and reliable
• Use of PC's
• Very small size
• Pipeline processing
• No A.C. needed
• Concept of internet was
introduced
• Great developments in the fields
of networks
• Computers became easily available
VLSI (Very-large-scale integration)
9. FIFTH GENERATION COMPUTER
(1980-ONWARDS)
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
The main features of fifth generation are:
• ULSI technology
• Development of true artificial
intelligence
• Development of Natural language
processing
• Advancement in Parallel Processing
• Advancement in Superconductor
technology
• More user friendly interfaces with
multimedia features
• Availability of very powerful and
compact computers at cheaper
rates
Artificial Intelligence
11. See you!
If you have any question or query, feel free to contact at:
arifulislamsunny@gmail.com
01766441604
fb.com/arifulsunny
arifulsunny
November 10, 2016Presentation: 01
Ariful I. Sunny