This document summarizes the five generations of computers: 1) First generation used vacuum tubes from 1940-1956 and were large in size. 2) Second generation used transistors from 1956-1963 which made computers smaller, faster, and more efficient. 3) Third generation used integrated circuits from 1964-1971 which used less power. 4) Fourth generation uses microprocessors from 1971-present which are smaller, some fitting in the palm of a hand. 5) Fifth generation uses artificial intelligence from present onwards and tries to simulate human thinking.

2. Table of Contents:
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Fourth Generation
Fifth Generation

3. Introduction
The computer has evolved from
a large-sized simple calculating
machine to a smaller but much
more powerful machine.

4. Generation of computer is designed
based on a new technological
development, resulting in better,
cheaper and smaller computers that
are more powerful, faster and
efficient than their predecessors.

5. Currently, there are five
generations of computer. In the
following subsections, we will
discuss the generations of
computer.

6. First Generation
Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
 The first generation of computers used vacuum
tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for
memory
 These computers were enormous in size and
required a large room for installation.

7. Vacuum Tubes

8. Second Generation
Transistors (1956-1963)
 Transistors allowed computers to become smaller,
faster, cheaper, energy efficient and reliable.
 Transistors are smaller in size compared to vacuum
tubes, thus, the size of the computer was also
reduced.

9. Transistors

10. Third Generation
 Integrated Circuits (1964-1971)
 The third generation computers used less
power and generated less heat than the
second generation computers.

11. Integrated Circuits

12. Fourth Generation
 Microprocessors (1971-present)
 They are smaller than the computers of the
previous generation. Some can even fit into the
palm of the hand.

13. Microprocessors

14. Fifth Generation
 Artificial Intelligence (present and beyond)
 The fifth generation computers are based
on Artificial Intelligence (AI). They try to simulate
the human way of thinking and reasoning.

15. Artificial Intelligence

17.  1-3 Give the three vacuum tubes computer
example ?
 4 When does the Transistors invented?
 5 -7 Give the meaning of UNIVAC , ENIAC ,
EDVAC
 8 It is smaller in size compared to vacuum tubes.
 9 It is resulted in the fourth generation computers
being smaller and cheaper than their predecessors.
 10 The fifth generation computers are based on
__________________?