Pak Studies Power Resources

1. THERMAL AND NUCLEAR POWER

2. POWER GENERATION CAPACITYPOWER GENERATION CAPACITY
OF PAKISTANOF PAKISTAN
The total power generationThe total power generation
capacity in Pakistan is of thecapacity in Pakistan is of the
order of 17,457 MW.order of 17,457 MW.

3. Capacity of Power ResourcesCapacity of Power Resources
 This includes the hydropower generationThis includes the hydropower generation
capacity of 5,013 MW,capacity of 5,013 MW,
 Thermal power generation capacity of 12,169Thermal power generation capacity of 12,169
MWMW
Nuclear power generation capacity of 462 MW.Nuclear power generation capacity of 462 MW.

4. POWER GENERATION CAPACITYPOWER GENERATION CAPACITY
OF PAKISTANOF PAKISTAN
 Based on the present generation capacity theBased on the present generation capacity the
hydro: thermal/ nuclear mix in the country is 29:hydro: thermal/ nuclear mix in the country is 29:
71.71.
 Hydro thermal/ nuclearHydro thermal/ nuclear
 29% 71%29% 71%

5. SOURCES OF ELECTRICITYSOURCES OF ELECTRICITY
 The main sources of electricity generation in PakistanThe main sources of electricity generation in Pakistan
are hydroare hydro
 , oil,, oil,
 gas,gas,
 coalcoal
nuclear.nuclear.
Thermal power is produced using furnace oil, diesel, coalThermal power is produced using furnace oil, diesel, coal
and gas as raw material, all of which are fossil fuels.and gas as raw material, all of which are fossil fuels.

6. Thermal Energy
furnace oil
coal
gas
diesel

8. NUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTANNUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTAN
 NUCLEAR POWERNUCLEAR POWER
 There are only two nuclear generation centers inThere are only two nuclear generation centers in
Pakistan - Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP)Pakistan - Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP)
producing 137 MW of power and Chashma Nuclearproducing 137 MW of power and Chashma Nuclear
Power Plant (CHASHNUPP) with an installed capacityPower Plant (CHASHNUPP) with an installed capacity
of 325 MW. The total nuclear power capacity is 462of 325 MW. The total nuclear power capacity is 462
MW, which is only 2.9% of the total generation.MW, which is only 2.9% of the total generation.
KANUPP and CHASHNUPP are the first two nuclearKANUPP and CHASHNUPP are the first two nuclear
power plant of the Islamic world.power plant of the Islamic world.

9. NUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTANNUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTAN
 Canada supplied the reactor for the heavy water based,Canada supplied the reactor for the heavy water based,
Karachi Nuclear Power Plant and a heavy-waterKarachi Nuclear Power Plant and a heavy-water
production facility in 1972.production facility in 1972.
 However, in 1976, it abruptly stopped supplying fuelHowever, in 1976, it abruptly stopped supplying fuel
after which Pakistan started construction of the firstafter which Pakistan started construction of the first
uranium-enrichment centrifuge at Kahuta.uranium-enrichment centrifuge at Kahuta.
 German and British firms sold vacuum pumps/German and British firms sold vacuum pumps/
equipment and high efficiency inverters for theequipment and high efficiency inverters for the
centrifuge in 1977.centrifuge in 1977.
 China provided assistance and equipment all throughChina provided assistance and equipment all through
for KANUPP and later for CHASHNUP.for KANUPP and later for CHASHNUP.

10. NUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTANNUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTAN
 KANUPPKANUPP has completed its 30 years life and is nowhas completed its 30 years life and is now
producing only 70 MW due to certain upgradations byproducing only 70 MW due to certain upgradations by
Pakistani engineers. Of the total power produced,Pakistani engineers. Of the total power produced,
KANUPP consumes 10 MW for its own operations.KANUPP consumes 10 MW for its own operations.
 CHASHNUPP is being set up by Chinese assistanceCHASHNUPP is being set up by Chinese assistance
and is running on liquid fuel.and is running on liquid fuel.
 The growth of nuclear plants in Pakistan has beenThe growth of nuclear plants in Pakistan has been
stifled due to international agendas and pressures.stifled due to international agendas and pressures.
 Moreover, in the 21st century, nuclear power plants areMoreover, in the 21st century, nuclear power plants are
not considered a very favorable option, due to the hugenot considered a very favorable option, due to the huge
costs of decommissioning and catastrophes of nationalcosts of decommissioning and catastrophes of national
scale, in case of accident.scale, in case of accident.

11. NUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTANNUCLEAR POWER IN PAKISTAN
 Thermal and nuclear power are expensiveThermal and nuclear power are expensive
compared to hydro power where the water usedcompared to hydro power where the water used
is a renewable commodity.is a renewable commodity.
 Nuclear power has not developed according toNuclear power has not developed according to
expectation in Pakistan due to certain externalexpectation in Pakistan due to certain external
factors.factors.