It's just a brief knowledge about the Renewable sources available in Pakistan and their scope. What type are currently used for generation of Electricity in Pakistan

1. Department Of Electrical Engineering
MUET Jamshoro
Poster Competition 2015
Renewable Energy in Pakistan
By:
Rohit Kumar(15EL30)

2. ABSTRACT: As we know that Pakistan now a days facing energy crises and it is
one of the major issue. So, keeping this thing under consideration we chose this
topic of “RENEWABLE ENERGY IN PAKISTAN”. It will help us to finding out number
of natural ways to fight against energy crises. It also helps us to regaining
electricity through natural ways. Such that, Biomass, Solar, Water, Geothermal
and Wind which we can easily afford because PAKISTAN is in good condition to
exploit these alternatives because it has abundant wind, sun, water and coal.

3. Energy crisis
Energy is considered to be life line of any economy and most vital instrument of socioeconomic
development of a country. Energy is pivotal in running machinery in factories and industrial units, for
lighting our cities and powering our vehicles etc.
Energy consumptions
During 2009-10, Energy supply and per capita availability of energy witnessed a decline of 0.64 %
and 3.09 % respectively in comparison to previous year.

4. Pakistan needs around 15,000 to 20000 MW electricity per day, however, currently it is able to produce about 11,500 MW per day hence
there is a shortfall of about 4000 to 9000 MW per day. This shortage is badly hampering the economic growth of the country.
Alternate AND Renewable sector
THE Renewable energy
Any energy resource that is naturally regenerated over a short time scale and derived directly from the sun (such as thermal, photochemical, and photoelectric),
indirectly from the sun (such as wind, hydropower, and photosynthetic energy stored in biomass), or from other natural movements and mechanisms of the
environment (such as geothermal and tidal energy).
In Pakistan we have ample resources to generate electricity through renewable sources. Pakistan can harness the potential of wind, hydel, solar and biomass.

5. • Wind energy:Wind power harnesses the power of the wind to propel the blades of wind turbines. These turbines
cause the rotation of magnets, which creates electricity. Though Pakistan has potentials of wind energy ranging from
10000 MW to 50000 MW.
• —- Potential estimated at 50,000 MW Recommendation
• —- Pakistan should plan to increase wind power to 50% of electricity generation.
• Solar:Solar power involves using solar cells to convert sunlight into electricity, using sunlight hitting solar thermal
panels to convert sunlight to heat water or air. Pakistan has potential of more than 100,000 MW from solar energy.
• Hydro Power:The Electricity generated using the energy of moving water. Rain or melted snow, usually originating in
hills and mountains, create streams and rivers that eventually run to the ocean. The energy of that moving water
can be substantial.
• —- Current installed capacity: 6555 MW
• —- Realisable potential: 17,000 MW, of which 12,000 MW is reservoir based & 5,000 MW is run of the river.
• Agricultural biomass:Biomass production involves using garbage or other renewable resources such as sugarcane,
corn or other vegetation to generate electricity. When garbage decomposes, methane is produced and captured in
pipes and later burned to produce electricity. Vegetation and wood can be burned directly to generate energy, like
fossil fuels.
• Tidal:Tidal power can be extracted from Moon-gravity-powered tides by locating a water turbine in a tidal current.
The turbine can turn an electrical generator, or a gas compressor, that can then store energy until needed. Coastal
tides are a source of clean, free, renewable, and sustainable energy.
• Nuclear:Nuclear power stations use nuclear fission reaction to generate energy by the reaction of uranium inside a
nuclear reactor.
• . Total 425 MW is produced in Pakistan till 2010
• * {Pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) - Canadian based reactors}
• ** {Pressurized water reactor (PWR) – Chinese based reactors.

6. • The Usage of Renewables Energy Sources in Pakistan
Conclusions
— Formation of National Energy Authority.
— Implementation steps to generate additional power from existing capacity – 2500 MW by life extension.
— Implement prioritisation of gas allocation with immediate effect.
— All gas area and water heating should be converted to solar passive PVC heaters to yield at least a further 200
mmcfd.
— Thar coal – make it happen (2016).
— Deregulate oil sector.

7. • Recommendations/Solutions of Energy Crisis:
• Energy crisis can be curtailed by:
• i). Reducing unnecessary energy use:
• Ø Usage of electricity saving devices
• Ø Awareness campaign for energy saving
• Ø Reduction in unnecessary transportations by developing good public transport systems and strengthening
Pakistan railways
• Ø Reduction in industrial uses with installation of effective equipment/ energy efficient and with increasing
efficiency of workforce (cost effective)
• Ø Decreasing reliance on rental power projects, because instead of doing any good, they are increasing prices of
electricity.
• Ø Decreasing line losses by using efficient power transmission cables
• ii). Developing new energy resources:
• Ø Tapping indigenous resources (Thar coal)
• Ø Using renewable resources (water) by constructing new dams and hydro power plants
• Ø Import of natural gas by IPI (Iran, Pakistan, India) and TAPI (Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India)
pipelines.
• Ø Import of electricity from Tajikistan -through Pak Afghan Tajikistan transmission- and Iran (approximately 1000
MW from each of them) pipelines
• Ø Utilizing alternative energy resources
• Ø Enhancing civilian nuclear capacity.

8. As This picture says it all :