Telecom Access network

1. Telecommunication
Networks

2. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center

3. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
What is Telecom ?
Telecommunication is the assisted
transmission of signals over a distance for
the purpose of communication.
It is the technology of transferring information
over a distance.

4. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Information
1. Information can be of several type:
 Audio – Telephone
 Text - Telegraph , email, SMS
 Pictures – Picture attachments
 Video – Clipping over internet
 Data – ATM to bank.
2. The same telecom technology/service cannot
communicate all the types of information.

5. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Thrust areas in Telecom
 Customer premises equipment.
 Access
 Network
 Transmission
 Switching
 Computerization

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Communication – Fixed Lines
Telephone Exchanges
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
Inter-Exchange
Junction
Subscriber
Line
(2W)

7. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Communication - Mobile
Telephone
Exchange
Subscriber
Line
(2W)
Inter-Exchange
Junction
Mobile Switching
Centre (MSC)
BSC BTS
MS

8. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Sub Access Network
MDF
Primary
CABINET
PILLARS
Secondary
Distribution
DP
DP
DP
DP
Drop wire

9. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
NETWORK DIAGRAM OF CDMA / WLL SYSTEM
PSTN
BSC
( V5.2 OR
R2/NO.7 )
BTS

FAX
FWT

2 Mbps
DIGITAL
LINK
..
MS
2 Mbps
DIGITAL
LINK2 Mbps
DIGITAL
LINK
Telecom
Network
BTS
BSC : Base Station Controller
MSC : Mobile Switching Centre
FWT : Fixed Wireless Terminal at subscriber premises.
MS : Mobile Station

10. Today
Separate Service Networks
IPNetworksIPNetworks
PLMNPLMN
PSTN/ISDNPSTN/ISDN
Services
Separate Access Transport & Switching Networks

11. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PSTN model Vs NGN model
Voice
Network
IP
Network
Video
Network
Storage
Network
IP
Network (for Voice, Data & Video)
• Dedicated Network per service
• Large Invest
• Multiple technologies / Knowledge
• Convergence technologies
• Cost reduction
• One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice Data Video Storage voice Data Video Storage

12. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PSTN model Vs NGN model
Voice
Network
IP
Network
Video
Network
Storage
Network
IP
Network (for Voice, Data & Video)
• Dedicated Network per service
• Large Invest
• Multiple technologies / Knowledge
• Convergence technologies
• Cost reduction
• One Protocol, one Knowledge
Voice Data Video Storage voice Data Video Storage

13. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
One network for everything
TodayToday TomorrowTomorrow
Telephone
network
Mobile radio
network
IP-Network
Multimedia Access - Advantages:
• easy to handle
• reliable
• mobile
Internet
Transition to NGN: Third wave

14. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Outdoor Plant

15. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Purpose of External Plant
 To provide connectivity between CPE &
Switch.
Advantages of copper over wireless.
 Dedicated channel for each customer
 More bandwidth than wireless.

16. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Local Loop
Signaling and Switching system
A Typical Public Switched Telephone Network

17. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
E
X
C
H
A
N
G
E
PILLARS
DP
BOX
PILLARS
IN
PILLARS
OUT
MDF Line Side
MDF Exchange
Side
Pillar 125
DP TAG No
EXCG
Equip No. CPE
MDF vertical-> Pillar In(hardwired), Pillar Out-> DP TAG No.(Hardwired)
Outdoor Plant Schematic Pictureork
Jumper Jumper
Drop-Pair

18. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
C-DOT Switch

19. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
MDF (Main Distribution Frame)

20. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
PILLAR
Pillar/Cabinet

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DP (Distribution Point)

22. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Customer Premises Equipment

23. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Rosette
Line Jack Unit (LJU)

24. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center

25. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Types of Dialing
 Decadic or Pulse Dialing
 DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) or Tone
dialing.

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DTMF

27. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Comparison of two types of dialing
Decadic
 The interruption rate or
the dialing rate is
generally 10 Hz.
 Time taken for Decadic
dialing varies with the
digits dialed (for dialing
'0' maximum time is
required)
 On an average, it is
possible to dial typically
0.8 digits/sec.
DTMF
 Time taken to dial any
digit is constant and it is
possible to dial typically 7
digits/sec.. Thus, DTMF
is almost 10 times faster.

28. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Electronic ringer
 Piezo electric transducer

29. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center

30. THE CLASSIFICATION OF
UNDERGROUND
CABLES
Jelly Filled cable
Paper Core Cable.

31. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Jelly Filled Telephone
Cables
 Conductor: Solid plain anneated high
conductivity copper wire of nominal
diameter 0.32, 0.4, 0.50, 0.63, 0.90 mm
 Insulation: Solid or Foam skin extruded
polyethylene insulation grade stabilized.
100 % vergin material and colored as
per requirement.
 Pair: Two insulated conductors of
specified colors twisted together with
pre-determined lay to form a pair. The
cross talk is minimized.

32. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center