The document discusses the 8086 microprocessor's memory interfacing, including its pin diagrams, operational modes (minimum and maximum), and timing diagrams. It details the need for Direct Memory Access (DMA), the DMA data transfer method, and interfacing with the 8257 DMA controller. Additionally, it includes various block diagrams and registers related to DMA operations.

1. 8086 Memory Interfacing
Pin Diagram Of 8086
Minimum Mode And Maximum Mode Of Operation.
Timing Diagram
Memory Interfacing To 8086 (Static RAM & EPROM).
Need For DMA.
DMA Data Transfer Method.
Interfacing With 8257.

2. Pin diagram of 8086

3. Minimum mode of 8086
• When the Minimum mode operation is selected, the 8086 provides all control
signals needed to implement the memory and I/O interface.
Minimum mode pin diagram of 8086

4. Write cycle timing diagram of 8086 in Minimum mode

5. 8086 in Maximum mode
Maximum mode 8086 system

6. General bus operation cycle in Maximum mode

7. Memory interfacing

8. Memory interfacing

9. DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS
For the applications that require huge amounts of data transfer to
memory from a magnetic or optical disk a dedicated hardware device
called DMA controller is used.
The DMA controller temporarily borrows the address bus ,data bus
and control bus from the microprocessor and transfers the data bytes
directly from the disk controller to a series of memory locations.
Some DMA devices even can do memory to memory transfers.

10. Fig 3.8 Block diagram of DMA Interfacing

11. Block diagram that shows DMA data transfer scheme

12. PIN DIAGRAM OF 8257 DMA CONTROLLER

13. Fig 3.11 Functional block diagram of 8257

14. Mode set register Bit format
Status register Bit format

15. Table 3.1 8257 Register selection

16. Interfacing 8257 with 8086